scholarly journals Plain X-Ray and MRI Evaluation of Painful Hip Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
S. Althaf Ali ◽  
Dwara Manojna Devi
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hip Disease

Background: Hip joint pain is a frequent problem in current practice and can be due to different causes since the investigations are invariably used to diagnose the source of the injury. The primary examination is accompanied by MRI, which is a valuable instrument in hip disease evaluation since it requires a detailed study of articular cartilage, epiphysis, joint fluids, bone marrow and extra-articular soft tissue which may be impaired by hip disease. Subjects and Methods: In a total of 60 individuals who had hip joint pain and subsequently had plain radiographs accompanied by the hip joint MRI was studied in a prospective cross-sectional analysis. The data is interpreted and the results of basic X-rays are compared to the MRI. Results: Of the 70 cases the males (67%) are commonly affected than females (33%). The majority of the patients fall under the age group of 31-40 years (28.33%). In our study, we find the commonest pathology for the hip joint pain is AVN of femoral  head 20 cases (28.57%), followed by joint effusion 15 cases (21.42%), Osteoarthritis 13 cases (18.57%), TB hip 10 cases (14.28%), Perthes 4 cases (5.71%), DDH 4 cases (5.71%) and metastatic disease 4 cases (5.71%). Of the twenty AVN cases, only 6 (30%) are found on a plain x-ray whereas all 20 (100%) are detected on MRI. Similarly, out of 15 cases diagnosed as joint effusion, only 5cases (33.33%) are detected on plain radiograph, but all the 12 cases (100%) are detected on MRI. The remaining 100% pathologies are observed on X-ray and MRI; moreover, MRI helps to improve the identification of articular cartilage, epiphysis, and additional soft tissue articular anomalies. Conclusion: MRI is a better way to identify joint effusion and synovial proliferation. Unlike standard x-rays. In proven cases with clear radiography such as Perthe’s and metastatic disease, Hip MRI helps to enhance disease staging, clinical implication, and soft tissue expansion.

scholarly journals SOFT TISSUE CAM IMPINGEMENT IN ADOLESCENTS: MRI REVEALS IMPINGEMENT LESIONS UNDERAPPRECIATED ON X-RAY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0006
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Johnson ◽  
Hamza Alizai ◽  
Montanez Ben ◽  
K. John Wagner ◽  
Tyler Youngman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Insidious Onset ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Cam Impingement ◽  
Soft Impingement

Background: The presence of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in adolescents has been established. However, the existence of a non-ossified CAM lesion in adolescent femoracetabular impingement (FAI) is not well described. Hypthesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence of a non-ossified or soft CAM lesion in adolescent patients with FAI. Methods: A review of a prospective cohort of patients with symptomatic FAI in an institutional registry was performed. Subjects were included if they had an MRI and lateral x-ray of the hip (45o Dunn, Cross Table, or frog) at a baseline visit. On MRI, evaluation of the anterolateral femoral head was evaluated using radial, coronal, sagittal, or axial oblique sequences. When a soft CAM lesion was identified (all found between 2-5 o’clock), an alpha angle was performed on MRI and plain radiograph. The cohort of soft CAM lesions was reviewed and differences between radiographic and MRI alpha angles were assessed using a paired T-Test. Results: Thirty-one (9.3%) of 332 hips (mean age 16.4 yrs, range 13.66-19.59 yrs; 83.9% F) were identified with a soft impinging lesion at the femoral head-neck junction on MRI. The most common primary sport was track & field (4), the average duration of symptoms was 92.4 weeks and a majority with insidious onset (77.4%). The average alpha angle on MRI was greater than on x-ray [63.53 ± 7.94o vs 51.25 ± 7.92o; p<0.05]. All subjects with soft CAM lesions demonstrated soft tissue consistent with extension of the physis (n=1),thickening of the peri-chondral ring (n=22), or thickening of the periosteum (n=8). Twenty-two of these patients (71%) with soft impingement underwent hip preservation surgery (n=13 labral repairs) with improvements in clinical outcome. Conclusion: In adolescent patients with symptomatic hip impingement, MRI may be useful to identify soft CAM lesions (non-ossified) that are under-represented on x-ray.

scholarly journals Dynamics of hip joint effusion after posterior soft tissue repair in total hip arthroplasty

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarunas Tarasevicius ◽  
Uldis Kesteris ◽  
Romas Jonas Kalesinskas ◽  
Hans Wingstrand
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Soft Tissue Repair ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Posterior Soft Tissue

scholarly journals A hydroxyapatite phantom material for the calibration of in vivo x-ray fluorescence systems of bone strontium and lead quantification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Phosphate Concentration ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Phantom Material

A hydroxyaptite [HAp; Ca5(PO4)3OH] phantom material was developed with the goal of improving the calibration protocol of the 125I-induced in vivo X-ray fluorescence (IVXRF) system of bone strontium quantification with further application to other IVXRF bone metal quantification systems, particulary those associated with bone lead quantification. It was found that calcium can be prepared pure of inherent contamination from strontium (and other elements) through a hydroxide precipitation producing pure Ca(OH)2, thereby, allowing for the production of a blank phantom which has not been available previously. The pure Ca(OH)2 can then be used for the preparation of pure CaHPO4 ⋅ 2H2O. A solid state pure HAp phantom can then be prepared by reaction of Ca(OH)2 and CaHPO4 ⋅ 2H2O mixed as to produce a Ca/P mole ratio of 1.67, that in HAp and the mineral phase of bone, in the presence of a setting solution prepared as to raise the total phosphate concentration of the solution by increasing the solubility CaHPO4 ⋅ 2H2O and thereby precipitating HAp. The procedure can only be used to prepare phantoms in which doping with the analyte does not disturb the Ca/P ratio substantially. In cases in which phantoms are to be prepared with high concentrations of strontium, the cement mixture can be modified as to introduce strontium in the form of Sr(OH)2 ⋅ 8H2O as to maintain a (Ca + Sr)/P ratio of 1.67. It was found by both X-ray diffraction spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy studies that strontium substitutes for calcium as in bone when preparing phantoms by this route. The necessity for the blank bone phantoms was assessed through the first blank bone phantom measurement and Monte Carlo simulations. It was found that for the 125I-induced IVXRF system of bone strontium quantification, the source, 125I brachytherapy seeds may be contributing coherently and incoherently scattered zirconium X-rays to the measured spectra, thereby requiring the use of the blank bone phantom as a means of improving the overall quantification methodology. Monte Carlo simulations were employed to evaluate any improvement by the introduction of HAp phantoms into the coherent normalization-based calibration procedure. It was found that HAp phantoms remove the need for a coherent conversion factor (CCF) thereby potentially increasing accuracy of the quantification. Further, it was found that in order for soft tissue attenuation corrections to be possible using spectroscopic information alone, HAp along with a suitable soft tissue surrogate material need to be employed. The HAp phantom material was used for the evaluations of portable X-ray analyzer systems for their potential for IVXRF quantification of lead and strontium with a focus on a comparison between tungsten, silver and rhodium target systems. Silver and rhodium target X-ray tube systems were found to be comparable for this quantification.

Joint pain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa Watson
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Joint Line ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Joint Tenderness ◽  
Soft Tissue Swelling

When a patient complains of pain confined to a joint or joints, they are said to have arthralgia. If, in addition, there is swelling of the joint, tenderness of the joint line to palpation, and limitation of movement, the patient is said to have an arthritis. It is important to establish if an arthritis is inflammatory or non-inflammatory, as this affects the differential diagnosis. Soft tissue swelling of the joint, the presence of a joint effusion, increased temperature of the joint, erythema of overlying skin, and early morning stiffness of at least 30 minutes duration are signs of an inflammatory arthritis.

Ultrasonic Guidance of Prosthetic Hip Joint Effusion Aspiration

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 247-249
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Orthopedic Patient ◽  
A New Technique

Until recently ultrasound imaging of the orthopedic patient has been limited. A new technique is presented here for the use of ultrasound imaging in guiding prosthetic hip joint effusion aspirations. Previously, x-ray fluoroscopy was used for these procedures. The use of ultrasound allows the examiner to directly visualize the abnormal fluid collection without using contrast injections, provides a three-dimensional orientation of the anatomy, and eliminates the x-ray exposure to the patient and the staff.

scholarly journals Modern aspects of the ankle fracture treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Lesic ◽  
S. Tomic ◽  
G. Cobeljic ◽  
M. Milicevic ◽  
V. Djukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Fracture Treatment ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Hybrid Fixation ◽  
Stable Fixation ◽  
X Ray

The ankle fractures continue to be a topical issue in orthopedic surgery. X-ray diagnostics, but primarily also other modern diagnostic procedures such as CT, MRI, and arthroscopy enable detection of not only fractures but also osteocartilaginous fractures and soft-tissue ligamentary lesions, which are frequent causes of pain and instability of the ankle. The key segment is the posterio-lateral segment and tibio-fibular syndesmosis whose integrity is sometimes only surgically establishable. In the ankle treatment, stable fixation - since recently by means of resorptive osteofixation materials - and early rehabilitation of the operated ankle are aimed at. The open and pylon fractures, as the most severe forms of ankle fractures, are treated by external fixation with minimum internal fixation (hybrid fixation) of the ankle with conversion of the rigid into a dynamic (articulated) external fixator enabling movement and nutrition of the damaged articular cartilage.

Lateral soft tissue neck X-rays: are they useful in management of upper aero-digestive tract foreign bodies?

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 845-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Karnwal ◽  
E C Ho ◽  
A Hall ◽  
N Molony
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soft Tissue Neck ◽  
Radiology Training ◽  
Accident And Emergency

AbstractObjectives:To assess the value of lateral soft tissue neck X-rays in patients presenting with upper aero-digestive tract foreign bodies.Design:Retrospective study.Inclusion criteria:(1) Patients referred to the ENT team, via either the accident and emergency department or their general practitioner; (2) a history of a non-aspirated, upper airway, aero-digestive tract foreign body; and (3) a lateral soft tissue neck X-ray taken on admission.Results:A total of 62 patients met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-four patients (38.7 per cent) had positive findings on lateral soft tissue neck X-ray. ‘Soft’ signs, such as widened pre-vertebral shadow and loss of lordosis, were seen in all 24 patients, and foreign bodies were visualised in six patients. Overall, lateral soft tissue neck X-rays were helpful in the management of 32 patients (51.6 per cent). Rather worryingly, doctors in the accident and emergency and ENT departments missed 79.2 and 66.6 per cent of the positive findings, respectively.Conclusions:A lateral soft tissue neck X-ray is a helpful tool in the management of patients presenting with upper aero-digestive tract foreign bodies. Junior doctors need better radiology training.

Clinical Assessment of Scaphoid Injuries and the Detection of Fractures

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Grover
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Scaphoid Fracture ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scaphoid Fractures ◽  
Prospective Comparison

Difficulty in interpreting X-rays following carpal injury emphasizes the importance of clinical assessment in diagnosing scaphoid fractures. The classical sign of tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox is not specific and leads to many unnecessary out-patient reviews. A prospective comparison was made between anatomical snuffbox, scaphoid tubercle and scaphoid compression tenderness as indicators of scaphoid fracture in 221 patients with suspected scaphoid injury. Swelling was determined by measuring the difference in circumference at the wrist joint to compare between fracture and soft tissue injury. Scaphoid compression tenderness was found to be the most accurate test with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 80%. Swelling of the wrist joint was significantly greater when there was a fracture, compared to soft tissue injury alone, even when the initial X-ray was normal. This was independent of any physiological variation in circumference between dominant and non-dominant sides. Scaphoid compression tenderness is therefore suggested as the most accurate indicator of scaphoid fracture and marked swelling should raise suspicion even if the X-ray is normal.

scholarly journals Methods of diagnosis of hip dysplasia in dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00043
Author(s):  
Elena Lyubchenko ◽  
Irina Bondarenko ◽  
Tatyana Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Test System ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray

To diagnose hip dysplasia, you can use a test system, the essence of which is to create a subhabitation in the hip joint of the dog, laid on the side, while there is a click in the joint, which means that the test is positive, while the pressure on the knee joint of the hip joint does not happen. The most common method of diagnosing dysplasia worldwide is X-ray, in which the age of the dogs studied should be more than a year, and large and giant breeds are studied in the range of one to one and a half years, with the animal laid on the back so that the X-ray image shows the pelvis with the wings of the iliac bone and femurs, including the knee joints, therefore, it is also necessary to use sedation, which allows you to comply with all the requirements for styling. The resulting X-rays are assessed according to the main Xray characteristics of the hip joint, taking measurements on six parameters presented in the text of this article, and determining the type of dysplasia. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can reveal the instability of the pathology in the hip joint and improve understanding of the disease process.

scholarly journals A Highly Reliable Convolutional Neural Network Based Soft Tissue Sarcoma Metastasis Detection from Chest X-ray Images: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4961
Author(s):  
Christoph Wallner ◽  
Mansoor Alam ◽  
Marius Drysch ◽  
Johannes Maximilian Wagner ◽  
Alexander Sogorski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
High Volume ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Lung Ct

Introduction: soft tissue sarcomas are a subset of malignant tumors that are relatively rare and make up 1% of all malignant tumors in adulthood. Due to the rarity of these tumors, there are significant differences in quality in the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. One paramount aspect is the diagnosis of hematogenous metastases in the lungs. Guidelines recommend routine lung imaging by means of X-rays. With the ever advancing AI-based diagnostic support, there has so far been no implementation for sarcomas. The aim of the study was to utilize AI to obtain analyzes regarding metastasis on lung X-rays in the most possible sensitive and specific manner in sarcoma patients. Methods: a Python script was created and trained using a set of lung X-rays with sarcoma metastases from a high-volume German-speaking sarcoma center. 26 patients with lung metastasis were included. For all patients chest X-ray with corresponding lung CT scans, and histological biopsies were available. The number of trainable images were expanded to 600. In order to evaluate the biological sensitivity and specificity, the script was tested on lung X-rays with a lung CT as control. Results: in this study we present a new type of convolutional neural network-based system with a precision of 71.2%, specificity of 90.5%, sensitivity of 94%, recall of 94% and accuracy of 91.2%. A good detection of even small findings was determined. Discussion: the created script establishes the option to check lung X-rays for metastases at a safe level, especially given this rare tumor entity.

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