scholarly journals Modern aspects of the ankle fracture treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Lesic ◽  
S. Tomic ◽  
G. Cobeljic ◽  
M. Milicevic ◽  
V. Djukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Fracture Treatment ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Hybrid Fixation ◽  
Stable Fixation ◽  
X Ray

The ankle fractures continue to be a topical issue in orthopedic surgery. X-ray diagnostics, but primarily also other modern diagnostic procedures such as CT, MRI, and arthroscopy enable detection of not only fractures but also osteocartilaginous fractures and soft-tissue ligamentary lesions, which are frequent causes of pain and instability of the ankle. The key segment is the posterio-lateral segment and tibio-fibular syndesmosis whose integrity is sometimes only surgically establishable. In the ankle treatment, stable fixation - since recently by means of resorptive osteofixation materials - and early rehabilitation of the operated ankle are aimed at. The open and pylon fractures, as the most severe forms of ankle fractures, are treated by external fixation with minimum internal fixation (hybrid fixation) of the ankle with conversion of the rigid into a dynamic (articulated) external fixator enabling movement and nutrition of the damaged articular cartilage.

X-ray dark field imaging of human articular cartilage: Possible clinical application to orthopedic surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. S18-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Kunisada ◽  
Daisuke Shimao ◽  
Hiroshi Sugiyama ◽  
Ken Takeda ◽  
Toshifumi Ozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dark Field Imaging ◽  
Field Imaging

scholarly journals Synchrotron- and laboratory-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging for imaging mouse articular cartilage in the absence of radiopaque contrast agents

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2010) ◽  
pp. 20130127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Marenzana ◽  
Charlotte K. Hagen ◽  
Patricia Das Neves Borges ◽  
Marco Endrizzi ◽  
Magdalena B. Szafraniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Phase Contrast Imaging ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray

The mouse model of osteoarthritis (OA) has been recognized as the most promising research tool for the identification of new OA therapeutic targets. However, this model is currently limited by poor throughput, dependent on the extremely time-consuming histopathology assessment of the articular cartilage (AC). We have recently shown that AC in the rat tibia can be imaged both in air and in saline solution using a laboratory system based on coded-aperture X-ray phase-contrast imaging (CAXPCi). Here, we explore ways to extend the methodology for imaging the much thinner AC of the mouse, by means of gold-standard synchrotron-based phase-contrast methods. Specifically, we have used analyser-based phase-contrast micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for its high sensitivity to faint phase changes, coupled with a high-resolution (4.5 μm pixel) detector. Healthy, diseased (four weeks post induction of OA) and artificially damaged mouse AC was imaged at the Elettra synchrotron in Trieste, Italy, using the above method. For validation, we used conventional micro-CT combined with radiopaque soft-tissue staining and standard histomorphometry. We show that mouse cartilage can be visualized correctly by means of the synchrotron method. This suggests that: (i) further developments of the laboratory-based CAXPCi system, especially in terms of pushing the resolution limits, might have the potential to resolve mouse AC ex vivo and (ii) additional improvements may lead to a new generation of CAXPCi micro-CT scanners which could be used for in vivo longitudinal pre-clinical imaging of soft tissue at resolutions impossible to achieve by current MRI technology.

scholarly journals Plain X-Ray and MRI Evaluation of Painful Hip Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
S. Althaf Ali ◽  
Dwara Manojna Devi
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hip Disease

Background: Hip joint pain is a frequent problem in current practice and can be due to different causes since the investigations are invariably used to diagnose the source of the injury. The primary examination is accompanied by MRI, which is a valuable instrument in hip disease evaluation since it requires a detailed study of articular cartilage, epiphysis, joint fluids, bone marrow and extra-articular soft tissue which may be impaired by hip disease. Subjects and Methods: In a total of 60 individuals who had hip joint pain and subsequently had plain radiographs accompanied by the hip joint MRI was studied in a prospective cross-sectional analysis. The data is interpreted and the results of basic X-rays are compared to the MRI. Results: Of the 70 cases the males (67%) are commonly affected than females (33%). The majority of the patients fall under the age group of 31-40 years (28.33%). In our study, we find the commonest pathology for the hip joint pain is AVN of femoral  head 20 cases (28.57%), followed by joint effusion 15 cases (21.42%), Osteoarthritis 13 cases (18.57%), TB hip 10 cases (14.28%), Perthes 4 cases (5.71%), DDH 4 cases (5.71%) and metastatic disease 4 cases (5.71%). Of the twenty AVN cases, only 6 (30%) are found on a plain x-ray whereas all 20 (100%) are detected on MRI. Similarly, out of 15 cases diagnosed as joint effusion, only 5cases (33.33%) are detected on plain radiograph, but all the 12 cases (100%) are detected on MRI. The remaining 100% pathologies are observed on X-ray and MRI; moreover, MRI helps to improve the identification of articular cartilage, epiphysis, and additional soft tissue articular anomalies. Conclusion: MRI is a better way to identify joint effusion and synovial proliferation. Unlike standard x-rays. In proven cases with clear radiography such as Perthe’s and metastatic disease, Hip MRI helps to enhance disease staging, clinical implication, and soft tissue expansion.

scholarly journals SOFT TISSUE CAM IMPINGEMENT IN ADOLESCENTS: MRI REVEALS IMPINGEMENT LESIONS UNDERAPPRECIATED ON X-RAY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0006
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Johnson ◽  
Hamza Alizai ◽  
Montanez Ben ◽  
K. John Wagner ◽  
Tyler Youngman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Insidious Onset ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Cam Impingement ◽  
Soft Impingement

Background: The presence of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in adolescents has been established. However, the existence of a non-ossified CAM lesion in adolescent femoracetabular impingement (FAI) is not well described. Hypthesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence of a non-ossified or soft CAM lesion in adolescent patients with FAI. Methods: A review of a prospective cohort of patients with symptomatic FAI in an institutional registry was performed. Subjects were included if they had an MRI and lateral x-ray of the hip (45o Dunn, Cross Table, or frog) at a baseline visit. On MRI, evaluation of the anterolateral femoral head was evaluated using radial, coronal, sagittal, or axial oblique sequences. When a soft CAM lesion was identified (all found between 2-5 o’clock), an alpha angle was performed on MRI and plain radiograph. The cohort of soft CAM lesions was reviewed and differences between radiographic and MRI alpha angles were assessed using a paired T-Test. Results: Thirty-one (9.3%) of 332 hips (mean age 16.4 yrs, range 13.66-19.59 yrs; 83.9% F) were identified with a soft impinging lesion at the femoral head-neck junction on MRI. The most common primary sport was track & field (4), the average duration of symptoms was 92.4 weeks and a majority with insidious onset (77.4%). The average alpha angle on MRI was greater than on x-ray [63.53 ± 7.94o vs 51.25 ± 7.92o; p<0.05]. All subjects with soft CAM lesions demonstrated soft tissue consistent with extension of the physis (n=1),thickening of the peri-chondral ring (n=22), or thickening of the periosteum (n=8). Twenty-two of these patients (71%) with soft impingement underwent hip preservation surgery (n=13 labral repairs) with improvements in clinical outcome. Conclusion: In adolescent patients with symptomatic hip impingement, MRI may be useful to identify soft CAM lesions (non-ossified) that are under-represented on x-ray.

scholarly journals Visualization Ability of Phase-Contrast Synchrotron-Based X-Ray Imaging Using an X-Ray Interferometer in Soft Tissue Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382110101
Author(s):  
Thet-Thet Lwin ◽  
Akio Yoneyama ◽  
Hiroko Maruyama ◽  
Tohoru Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
X Ray Computed

Phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer provides high sensitivity and high spatial resolution, and it has the ability to depict the fine morphological structures of biological soft tissues, including tumors. In this study, we quantitatively compared phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography images and images of histopathological hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of spontaneously occurring rat testicular tumors that contained different types of cells. The absolute densities measured on the phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography images correlated well with the densities of the nuclear chromatin in the histological images, thereby demonstrating the ability of phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer to reliably identify the characteristics of cancer cells within solid soft tissue tumors. In addition, 3-dimensional synchrotron-based phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography enables screening for different structures within tumors, such as solid, cystic, and fibrous tissues, and blood clots, from any direction and with a spatial resolution down to 26 μm. Thus, phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer shows potential for being useful in preclinical cancer research by providing the ability to depict the characteristics of tumor cells and by offering 3-dimensional information capabilities.

X-ray phase radiography and tomography of soft tissue using grating interferometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. S13-S17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timm Weitkamp ◽  
Christian David ◽  
Oliver Bunk ◽  
Jens Bruder ◽  
Peter Cloetens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
X Ray

X-ray on chip: Quantifying therapeutic synergies between radiotherapy and anticancer drugs using soft tissue sarcoma tumor spheroids

2021 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Maeva Bavoux ◽  
Yuji Kamio ◽  
Emmanuelle Vigneux-Foley ◽  
Julie Lafontaine ◽  
Ouafa Najyb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Tumor Spheroids ◽  
X Ray ◽  
On Chip

Detection of Glass in Soft Tissue by X-ray

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-480
Author(s):  
Alvin H. Felman ◽  
Mary S. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Glass Fragment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unknown Type

The widely held concept that glass must contain lead or other heavy metals to be seen radiographically is invalid; all glass, regardless Fig. 1. Fragment of unknown type of glass. Removed surgically. of type or lead content, is radiopaque and should be visible on a properly exposed and positioned radiograph. By varying the position and obliquity of the part to be x-rayed, the glass fragment may be thrown free of overlying structures. It is apparent that the chances of demonstrating glass on a radiograph will depend to some extent on the relative size of the fragment to that of the part examined, but the density of any fragment should be sufficient to differentiate it from surrounding tissue. In the usual clinical situation wherein one must decide on the presence or absence of glass in soft tissue, a properly positioned and exposed radiograph should provide the answer. see pdf for figures

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