scholarly journals Poverty Eradication for Sustainable Human Capital Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olupona Adeola Moromoke ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Third World

Six decades after the political independence of the Nigerian state, its government like many other governments across the third world has not been able to eradicate poverty within its borders. The prevailing situation has defied the introduction of different political structures, economic policies and even the deployment of foreign expertise and aids. This study therefore examines the causes, consequences and extant solutions proffered before now and concludes that for a nation to grow economically and rise above poverty level, there is need for human capital development since the poverty level in the country has negative impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP). This study measures Human Capital Development (HCD) through per capital income and Human Development Index (HDI).

scholarly journals Econometric models for estimating current and forecast values of the level of human capital development in the Russian economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Nina Baranova ◽  
Sergey Larin ◽  
Evgeny Khrustalyov
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Studies of factors of sustainable economic development in modern conditions are highly relevant for Russia due to the constant increase and tightening of sanctions restrictions. They have a negative impact on the introduction of innovative developments and economic growth, and reduce the competitiveness of Russian enterprises and their products on world markets. Human capital can become one of the key factors for countering sanctions restrictions, improving the efficiency of economic development and gaining additional competitive advantages for domestic enterprises and the economy as a whole. Assessing the impact of human capital on the sustainable development of the economy is difficult, since it is one of the specific forms of capital. When making appropriate measurements, economic scientists rely on a number of developed theoretical methods and practical tools that support them, which allow us to obtain fairly accurate values of the human capital development index (HDI) based on statistical data. First of all, this is the current UN methodology for calculating the HDI indicator, as well as modern software systems OriginPro-8.6 and Eviews-10.0, which have sufficiently advanced functionality for performing calculations. Russia today has all the necessary prerequisites and opportunities for progressive social and economic development. However, the formation of econometric models will help to timely determine the current and forecast values of the level of human capital development for individual enterprises, industries, and the country’s economy as a whole. This paper shows the practical application of the econometric tools of all the above approaches to obtain the calculated values of the HDI indicator for different time periods and different scenarios for the development of the Russian economy. The results obtained confirmed the high practical significance of the tools used and the acceptable accuracy of the calculations. However, the current and forecast values of the level of human capital development alone will not be able to ensure the effective development of the Russian economy. On the contrary, the effective use of human capital in the implementation of import substitution strategies and national projects will allow our country to become one of the world’s leading economic development countries.

scholarly journals Trade Openness and Economic Growth in Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshmeer Makun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Full Benefit ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Econometric Technique

This study is an attempt to examine the effects of trade openness along with two other conditioning variables on economic growth in Malaysia by applying time-series econometric technique. LSE-Henry’s general to specific approach results show significant positive effect of trade openness on growth. Human capital and good economic policies tested with an interaction term increases the growth effects of trade openness. The addition of these variables and findings are significant statistically and robust to different specifications. On the basis of the findings, it is concluded that while trade openness enhance growth, decision makers should also focus on human capital development. In addition, decision makers should ensure good economic policies to take full benefit of trade openness.

scholarly journals POPULATION DENSITY IN RURAL AREAS AS A DRIVER OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan POLCYN ◽  
Bazyli CZYŻEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Education System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Capital Development

Rural areas are typically characterised by uneven access to education and the resulting varying levels of pupils’ educational attainment. The inefficiency of the education system may lead to a decreased level of human capital development in the society. It is therefore vital to identify the factors responsible for the inefficiency of the education system and take steps to mitigate their negative impact. The aim of the present study is to determine the relationship between the population density in rural areas, the pupils’ average level of examination performance and the educational value added. The analyses were based on the exam results achieved by lower secondary school-leavers in 1,372 rural communes between 2012 and 2014. The original intention was to include all rural communes in the analysis. However, due to the incompleteness of the data concerning some of the communes, they were eventually excluded from the study. The final sample for analysis consisted of about 58% of all rural communes in Poland. The communes were divided into classes, based on the criterion of population density. The objects under study were arranged in an ascending order according to the value of the population density variable, and then divided into four classes (class A contained 25% of communes with the highest population density). The classes thus defined were used as a qualitative predictor in the subsequently performed ANOVA test. As a next step, contrasts were determined by applying a simple contrast to the analysed classes of communes. The analyses revealed that the highest examination results were achieved in the communes with the highest population density, while the lowest examination results were found in the communes with the lowest population density. This dependence may be indicative of educational negligence at lower levels of education, in this particular case - at the stage of primary school. The results of the analyses point to the need for expanding the network of nursery schools. To address the above problem, financial support should be provided from the state budget to social initiatives aimed at increasing the access to nursery schools, e.g. by creating an appropriate system of subsidies for nursery schools run by both local governments and private entities.

scholarly journals Analysis of ICT, Power Supply and Human Capital Development in Nigeria as an Emerging Market Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Anthony Orji ◽  
Jonathan E. Ogbuabor ◽  
Onyinye I. Anthony-Orji ◽  
Chinonso Okoro ◽  
Daniel Osondu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper analyzed the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) and power supply on human capital development in Nigeria as an emerging market economy. The study adopted the Classical Linear Regression Model for the empirical analysis. The result showed that ICT, power supply (proxied by electricity consumption) and population impact positively on human capital development, while infant mortality has a negative impact on human capital development in Nigeria. The impact of ICT on school enrolment suggests that technology is fast evolving and new technologies are preferred to old ones. The study, therefore, recommended that Nigeria should follow in the trend of ICT globally in harnessing her human capital endowments. In conclusion, the Nigerian government should harness her ICT and electric power potentials and develop the human capital available to her to prevent the emigration of her human resource endowment to more resilient and promising economies.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Галина Крохичева ◽  
Galina Krohicheva ◽  
Юлия Усова ◽  
Yuliya Usova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the problem of human capital development in Russia. Special attention is paid to the impact of this phenomenon on the economic security of the country. The article presents the problems in the formation of the labor market and social differentiation of the population as factors that have a negative impact on the human capital of the state.

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