scholarly journals Econometric models for estimating current and forecast values of the level of human capital development in the Russian economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Nina Baranova ◽  
Sergey Larin ◽  
Evgeny Khrustalyov
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Studies of factors of sustainable economic development in modern conditions are highly relevant for Russia due to the constant increase and tightening of sanctions restrictions. They have a negative impact on the introduction of innovative developments and economic growth, and reduce the competitiveness of Russian enterprises and their products on world markets. Human capital can become one of the key factors for countering sanctions restrictions, improving the efficiency of economic development and gaining additional competitive advantages for domestic enterprises and the economy as a whole. Assessing the impact of human capital on the sustainable development of the economy is difficult, since it is one of the specific forms of capital. When making appropriate measurements, economic scientists rely on a number of developed theoretical methods and practical tools that support them, which allow us to obtain fairly accurate values of the human capital development index (HDI) based on statistical data. First of all, this is the current UN methodology for calculating the HDI indicator, as well as modern software systems OriginPro-8.6 and Eviews-10.0, which have sufficiently advanced functionality for performing calculations. Russia today has all the necessary prerequisites and opportunities for progressive social and economic development. However, the formation of econometric models will help to timely determine the current and forecast values of the level of human capital development for individual enterprises, industries, and the country’s economy as a whole. This paper shows the practical application of the econometric tools of all the above approaches to obtain the calculated values of the HDI indicator for different time periods and different scenarios for the development of the Russian economy. The results obtained confirmed the high practical significance of the tools used and the acceptable accuracy of the calculations. However, the current and forecast values of the level of human capital development alone will not be able to ensure the effective development of the Russian economy. On the contrary, the effective use of human capital in the implementation of import substitution strategies and national projects will allow our country to become one of the world’s leading economic development countries.

scholarly journals Analysis of ICT, Power Supply and Human Capital Development in Nigeria as an Emerging Market Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Anthony Orji ◽  
Jonathan E. Ogbuabor ◽  
Onyinye I. Anthony-Orji ◽  
Chinonso Okoro ◽  
Daniel Osondu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper analyzed the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) and power supply on human capital development in Nigeria as an emerging market economy. The study adopted the Classical Linear Regression Model for the empirical analysis. The result showed that ICT, power supply (proxied by electricity consumption) and population impact positively on human capital development, while infant mortality has a negative impact on human capital development in Nigeria. The impact of ICT on school enrolment suggests that technology is fast evolving and new technologies are preferred to old ones. The study, therefore, recommended that Nigeria should follow in the trend of ICT globally in harnessing her human capital endowments. In conclusion, the Nigerian government should harness her ICT and electric power potentials and develop the human capital available to her to prevent the emigration of her human resource endowment to more resilient and promising economies.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Галина Крохичева ◽  
Galina Krohicheva ◽  
Юлия Усова ◽  
Yuliya Usova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the problem of human capital development in Russia. Special attention is paid to the impact of this phenomenon on the economic security of the country. The article presents the problems in the formation of the labor market and social differentiation of the population as factors that have a negative impact on the human capital of the state.

Effect of international labor mobility on social-economic development of countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
E.I. Huseinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Social Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

The goal of the research is the specification of the effect of international mobility of labor resources on the social-economic development of a country, as well as the impact on the GDP volume. The main purpose set in the investigation is the study of international experience of the problem solution. Another goal of the research work is the international mobility of labor resources in conditions of national economy. The methods of analysis, grouping and analogy were used in the investigation. In the research work carried out by the author, the properties of international mobility of labor resources were commented, the factors and reasons of their occurrence specified as well. The analysis has been conducted and the system of effect mobility of labor resources on GDP growth in some countries and their impact on the state of labor market developed. Due to the research surveys, the reasons for development of international mobility of labor resources and direction of labor migration streams in Azerbaijan have been identified. The impact of international mobility of labor resources on social-economic development has been evaluated. Positive and negative impact of international mobility of labor resources on social-economic development of Azerbaijan, as well as setting measures on migrant admission as contributing country in case of negative effect have been specified in the innovation of research. Practical significance of the investigation lies in the regulation of international mobility of labor resources, introduction with experience of difference countries by the system of statistical figures and formation of their resources, grouping and using the data for problem solution in our country.

scholarly journals Exploring the Human Capital Development Dimensions of Chinese Investments in Africa: Opportunities, Implications and Directions for Further Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motolani Agbebi
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Working Hypothesis ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Economic Engagement ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

This article uses a case-study approach to discuss the effects of Chinese economic engagement on three dimensions of human capital development: local employment, training and skill building, and knowledge and technology transfer. The study findings suggests that Chinese economic engagement can and does contribute to human capital development in Africa; however, this is dependent on certain sectoral factors and contextual conditions. This study advances a working hypothesis that the human capital development impact of Chinese economic engagement will vary across countries and sectors of the African economy. This working hypothesis seeks to guide further research towards developing a theoretical framework for the study of Chinese economic engagement in Africa and its effects on human capital development. The article also identifies research areas that should be further explored in order to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of Chinese economic engagement in Africa.

The Evolutionary Role of Higher Education in Sustainable Development: Pandemic 2020–2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (60) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulbakhyt Dinzhanova ◽  
Massimo Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Relational Mechanism ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Evolutionary Role

This article investigates the role of higher education in the economic development of the country. The research aims to investigate the theoretical and methodological basis of the role of higher education and human capital in economic growth, evaluate the current state of higher education within pandemic COVID-19, and develop scientifically and applied recommendations to strengthen capacity and improve the competitiveness of human capital in the developing countries. An analysis of the existing researches and debates is made. We defined the state of higher education in Kazakhstan and considered the changes in education within the context of COVID-19. We made multiple correlations and regression analysis based on the education coverage index and GDP(mln KZT), where defined the moderate correlation between two variables. Statistical data is studied in a period from 2000 to 2019. This paper contributes to the literature by fulfilling a theory of human capital development in the knowledge economy, revealing the relational mechanism between higher education, sustainable development, and the economic boundary of this relationship. It also contributes to the further understanding of the role of higher education in economic development. This study result implies to strengthen capacity and improve the competitiveness of human capital, draft human capital development policy. Keywords: SDG; COVID-19, human capital, higher education

The impact of FDI on human capital development in SACU countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried Henok ◽  
Teresia Kaulihowa
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how FDI trickle down to human capital development in SACU member states.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal research design and feasible general least squares was used over the periods 1990 and 2018.FindingsThere is supporting evidence that FDI enhances human capital when primary school enrolment rate is used. However, the reverse holds for the secondary level of education. It can be argued that although FDI exhibits a positive effect on primary education, optimal spillovers to human capital development has not been realized. An indication that certain level of human capital may be required to ensure the optimal benefit of FDI or the types of current FDI does not enhance FDI-led-human capital hypothesis.Practical implicationsThe negative effect of FDI toward secondary level of education could be an indication of a weak absorptive capacity. SACU's current dominance of FDI activities toward extractive industries could limit potential benefit of FDI due to capacity constraints. Practical policy implications indicate that SACU member states need to ensure that it attracts FDI toward smart investment that enhances human capital development.Social implicationsThere is need to a gear FDI firms toward corporate social responsibilities that will stimulate secondary education.Originality/valueThe novelty of this paper is twofold. First, it focuses on SACU countries where majority of the people are trapped with poverty and inequality issues. Second, SACU member states have used greenfield FDI as a policy instrument to enhance human capital. However, human capital link remains weak. This creates a need to search for smart FDIs that are committed toward community transformation through human capital development.

scholarly journals POPULATION DENSITY IN RURAL AREAS AS A DRIVER OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan POLCYN ◽  
Bazyli CZYŻEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Education System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Capital Development

Rural areas are typically characterised by uneven access to education and the resulting varying levels of pupils’ educational attainment. The inefficiency of the education system may lead to a decreased level of human capital development in the society. It is therefore vital to identify the factors responsible for the inefficiency of the education system and take steps to mitigate their negative impact. The aim of the present study is to determine the relationship between the population density in rural areas, the pupils’ average level of examination performance and the educational value added. The analyses were based on the exam results achieved by lower secondary school-leavers in 1,372 rural communes between 2012 and 2014. The original intention was to include all rural communes in the analysis. However, due to the incompleteness of the data concerning some of the communes, they were eventually excluded from the study. The final sample for analysis consisted of about 58% of all rural communes in Poland. The communes were divided into classes, based on the criterion of population density. The objects under study were arranged in an ascending order according to the value of the population density variable, and then divided into four classes (class A contained 25% of communes with the highest population density). The classes thus defined were used as a qualitative predictor in the subsequently performed ANOVA test. As a next step, contrasts were determined by applying a simple contrast to the analysed classes of communes. The analyses revealed that the highest examination results were achieved in the communes with the highest population density, while the lowest examination results were found in the communes with the lowest population density. This dependence may be indicative of educational negligence at lower levels of education, in this particular case - at the stage of primary school. The results of the analyses point to the need for expanding the network of nursery schools. To address the above problem, financial support should be provided from the state budget to social initiatives aimed at increasing the access to nursery schools, e.g. by creating an appropriate system of subsidies for nursery schools run by both local governments and private entities.

scholarly journals Selected macroeconomic determinants and economic growth in Cameroon (1970–2018) “dead or alive” an ARDL approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesuh Jude Thaddeus ◽  
Chi Aloysius Ngong ◽  
Njimukala Moses Nebong ◽  
Akume Daniel Akume ◽  
Jumbo Urie Eleazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Macroeconomic Determinants ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine key macroeconomic determinants on Cameroon's economic growth from 1970 to 2018.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from the World Development Indicators and applied on time series data econometric techniques. The auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds model analyzed the data since the variables had different order of integration.FindingsThe results showed long and short runs’ positive and significant connection between economic growth in Cameroon and government expenditure; trade openness, gross capital formation and exchange rate. Human capital development, foreign aid, money supply, inflation and foreign direct investment negatively and significantly affected economic growth in the short and long-runs. Hence, the macroeconomic indicators are not death.Research limitations/implicationsThe present research paper has tried to capture the impact of nine macroeconomic determinants on economic growth such as the government expenditure (LNGOVEXP), human capital development (LNHCD), foreign aids (AID), trade openness (LNTOP), foreign direct investment (LNFDI), gross capital formation (INVEST), broad money (LNM2), official exchange rate (LNEXHRATE) and Inflation (LNINFLA). However, these variables have the tendency to affect each other in a unidirectional or bidirectional manner. Further, the present research paper is unable to capture the impact of other macroeconomic variable due to the unavailability of data.Practical implicationsThe study recommends that Cameroon should use proper planning and strategic policy interventions to achieve higher sustainable economic growth with human capital development, foreign aid, money supply, foreign direct investment and moderate inflation.Social implicationsMacroeconomic indicators, if managed well, increase economic growth.Originality/valueThis paper to the best of the researcher's knowledge presents new background information to both policymakers and researchers on the main macroeconomic determinants using econometric analysis.

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