scholarly journals Incorporation of a high-level soccer player into the team after a muscle injury: A case study (Incorporación de un jugador de fútbol de alto nivel en el equipo después de una lesión muscular: Un estudio de caso)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Andrés Vargas Fuentes ◽  
Iban Urkiza Ibaibarriaga ◽  
Susana María Gil Orozko
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
Soccer Player ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Peripheral Muscle ◽  
Soccer Team ◽  
Gps Devices ◽  
High Level

The aim of the study was to observe the evolution of the external load of a soccer player who just joined the team after a recovered injury.13 male football players of a soccer team (20.9 ± 1.7 years, 1.80 ± 0.05 m, 73.1 ± 5.3 kg) belonging to the 2nd division B participated in this study. After 30 days off following a hamstring injury a player started to train with the team. The next week his injury relapsed, so he had to stop training for another week. Finally he was re-incorporated to the team. External load was measured in the injured player (P) and the rest of the players of the team (T) using GPS devices (GPSport) during week 1 and week 2. The variables measured were: distance at high intensity (DHI; >14 km/h) and distance at sprint (S; >24 km/h). Besides, the number of times they entered the different acceleration rates: (Acc) 1 (0-2 m/s/s), Acc2 (2-3 m/s/s) and Acc3 (3-5 m/s/s) and the number of times they entered the different deceleration rates: (Dec) 1 (0-2 m/s/s), Dec2 (2-3 m/s/s) and Dec3 (3-5 m/s/s). During the first week of training, P performed longer DHI and S than T. Moreover, P performed higher acc1, acc2, acc3, dec1, dec2 and dec3 than T. In contrast, during the second week, T performed longer DHI and S than P. However, P performed higher acc1, acc2, acc3, and dec1 than T. However, similar values were found in dec2 and dec3 in P and T. It was observed that the acc and dec in both weeks indicated a higher peripheral muscle work in P. Therefore, according to the nature of the injury a modification or even avoidance of certain exercises should be considered especially those exercises that directly impact on the repaired muscles.Key words: Hamstring, injury, incorporation and football.Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue observar la evolución de la carga externa de un futbolista al reincorporarse al equipo después de una lesión. 13 jugadores masculinos de fútbol (20.9±1.7 años, 1.80±0.05 m, 73.1±5.3 kg) de un equipo de 2ª división B participaron en este estudio. Después de 30 días de baja tras una lesión en el músculo isquiotibial un jugador comenzó a entrenar con el equipo. Tras la primera semana, la lesion recidivó y se volvió a incorporar al equipo tras una semana de baja. La carga externa se evaluó en el jugador lesionado (P) y en el resto de los jugadores del equipo (T) utilizando dispositivos GPS (GPSport). Las variables medidas fueron: Distancia a alta intensidad (DHI; >14 km/h) y la distancia a Sprint (S; >24 km/h). Además, el número de aceleraciones (Acc) 1 (0-2 m/s/s), Acc2 (2-3 m/s/s) y Acc3 (3-5 m/s/s) y deceleraciones (Dec) 1 (0-2 m/s/s), Dec2 (2-3 m/s/s) y dec3 (3-5 m/s/s). Durante la primera semana de entrenamiento P realizó mayor DHI y S que T. Por otra parte, P realizó mayor cantidad de acc1, acc2, acc3, dec1, dec2 y dec3 que T. Por el contrario, durante la segunda semana, T realizó mayor DHI y S que P. Sin embargo, P realizó mayor cantidad de acc1, acc2, acc3 y dec1 que T. Valores similares fueron encontrados en dec2 y dec3 en P y T. En ambas semanas se observó un mayor trabajo muscular periférico en el jugador lesionado. Por lo tanto, de acuerdo con la naturaleza de la lesión una modificación o incluso la exclusión de ciertos ejercicios deben ser considerados; especialmente aquellos ejercicios que impactan directamente en los músculos recuperadosPalabras claves: Isquiotibial, lesión, incorporación y fútbol.

scholarly journals Comparison of external load on high speed actions in friendly macth and training sessions (Comparación de carga externa en las acciones de alta velocidad en paridos amistosos y sesiones de entrenamientos)

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Toscano Bendala ◽  
Miguel Angel Campos Vázquez ◽  
Luis Jesús Suarez-Arrones ◽  
Francisco Javier Núñez Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
External Load ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Soccer Team ◽  
Gps Devices ◽  
And Training

The aim of the current research was to find out the differences that exist between the external load in high-velocity actions (SP+) in competitions and in training sessions of professional soccer team. We took as SP+ indicators those actions that the soccer players performed over 23 km·h-1 and could be held for at least 1 second. It was monitored 25 professional players belonging to the first team of a team of the first Spanish soccer division, and were used 10 GPS devices were used (SPI, ELITE model, GPSport, Canberra, Australia). These GSPORT transmitters have a sampling frequency of 1 Hz. The results of our study showed how during the game, the players performed substantially more number of SP+ de 1 s, 2 s, 3 s y 4 s (per minute of activity) than during training.Resumen.  El objetivo de esta investigación fue encontrar las diferencias que existen entre la carga externa en acciones de alta velocidad (SP+) en paridos amistosos de pretemporada y las sesiones de entrenamientos en un equipo de fútbol profesional. Tomamos como indicadores SP + aquellas acciones que realizan los jugadores de fútbol por encima de 23 km·h-1 y pudiendo ser mantenidas durante al menos 1 segundo. Se monitorizaron 25 jugadores profesionales pertenecientes a la primera plantilla de un equipo de la primera división de fútbol español, y se utilizaron 10 dispositivos GPS (SPI, ELITE model, GPSport, Canberra, Australia). Estos transmisores GPSORT, tienen una frecuencia de muestreo de 1 Hz. Los resultados de nuestro estudio manifestaron como durante el partido, los jugadores realizaron de manera sustancial más número de SP+ de 1 s, 2 s, 3 s y 4 s (por minuto de actividad) que durante los entrenamientos.

Work Life Balance Of Female Crew In The Aviation Industry: A Case Study

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Dr. D. Shoba ◽  
Dr. G. Suganthi
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Women Employees ◽  
High Level

Employees and employers are facing issues in work life balance. It has become a difficult domain now, because the work needs have increased due to an increase in work pressure and complexities in handling the technology. As there are drastic changes in the rules and regulations in the work scenario of the aviation industry, it makes work life balance of employees difficult and set more hurdles. Hence there are many distractions and imbalances in the life of women employees in the aviation industry working across all levels. This work pressure is creating high level of hurdles in maintaining a harmonious job and family life, especially for female aviation employees. Data is collected from 50 female crew members working at Cochin International Airport. The objective of this study is to analyze the work life balance of working females of Cochin International Airport and its influence on their personal and specialized lives. The result of the study shows that the management should frame certain policies which will help employees to have the balance among their personal and expert lives.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of the Drivers, Characteristics, and Effects of Forest Fragmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3246
Author(s):  
Zoe Slattery ◽  
Richard Fenner
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Remote Imaging ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
High Level

Building on the existing literature, this study examines whether specific drivers of forest fragmentation cause particular fragmentation characteristics, and how these characteristics can be linked to their effects on forest-dwelling species. This research uses Landsat remote imaging to examine the changing patterns of forests. It focuses on areas which have undergone a high level of a specific fragmentation driver, in particular either agricultural expansion or commodity-driven deforestation. Seven municipalities in the states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso in Brazil are selected as case study areas, as these states experienced a high level of commodity-driven deforestation and agricultural expansion respectively. Land cover maps of each municipality are created using the Geographical Information System software ArcGIS Spatial Analyst extension. The resulting categorical maps are input into Fragstats fragmentation software to calculate quantifiable fragmentation metrics for each municipality. To determine the effects that these characteristics are likely to cause, this study uses a literature review to determine how species traits affect their responses to forest fragmentation. Results indicate that, in areas that underwent agricultural expansion, the remaining forest patches became more complex in shape with longer edges and lost a large amount of core area. This negatively affects species which are either highly dispersive or specialist to core forest habitat. In areas that underwent commodity-driven deforestation, it was more likely that forest patches would become less aggregated and create disjunct core areas. This negatively affects smaller, sedentary animals which do not naturally travel long distances. This study is significant in that it links individual fragmentation drivers to their landscape characteristics, and in turn uses these to predict effects on species with particular traits. This information will prove useful for forest managers, particularly in the case study municipalities examined in this study, in deciding which species require further protection measures. The methodology could be applied to other drivers of forest fragmentation such as forest fires.

CSim 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
David Sanan ◽  
Yongwang Zhao ◽  
Shang-Wei Lin ◽  
Liu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Concurrent Systems ◽  
Theorem Prover ◽  
Compositional Techniques ◽  
Machine Code ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Hol Theorem Prover ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

To make feasible and scalable the verification of large and complex concurrent systems, it is necessary the use of compositional techniques even at the highest abstraction layers. When focusing on the lowest software abstraction layers, such as the implementation or the machine code, the high level of detail of those layers makes the direct verification of properties very difficult and expensive. It is therefore essential to use techniques allowing to simplify the verification on these layers. One technique to tackle this challenge is top-down verification where by means of simulation properties verified on top layers (representing abstract specifications of a system) are propagated down to the lowest layers (that are an implementation of the top layers). There is no need to say that simulation of concurrent systems implies a greater level of complexity, and having compositional techniques to check simulation between layers is also desirable when seeking for both feasibility and scalability of the refinement verification. In this article, we present CSim 2 a (compositional) rely-guarantee-based framework for the top-down verification of complex concurrent systems in the Isabelle/HOL theorem prover. CSim 2 uses CSimpl, a language with a high degree of expressiveness designed for the specification of concurrent programs. Thanks to its expressibility, CSimpl is able to model many of the features found in real world programming languages like exceptions, assertions, and procedures. CSim 2 provides a framework for the verification of rely-guarantee properties to compositionally reason on CSimpl specifications. Focusing on top-down verification, CSim 2 provides a simulation-based framework for the preservation of CSimpl rely-guarantee properties from specifications to implementations. By using the simulation framework, properties proven on the top layers (abstract specifications) are compositionally propagated down to the lowest layers (source or machine code) in each concurrent component of the system. Finally, we show the usability of CSim 2 by running a case study over two CSimpl specifications of an Arinc-653 communication service. In this case study, we prove a complex property on a specification, and we use CSim 2 to preserve the property on lower abstraction layers.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study on the Sources of Strontium in Mineral Water and General Rules of Its Dissolution—A Case Study of Chengde, Hebei

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Ruifeng Wang ◽  
Xiong Wu ◽  
Yanliang Zhai ◽  
Yuxuan Su ◽  
Chenhui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Leaching Experiment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Impact Experiments

Chengde City boasts a wealth of high-quality mineral water resources characterized by a high level of strontium (Sr), a low level of sodium, and low alkalinity. In order to study the mechanism of formation of Sr-bearing mineral water in Chengde and to scientifically guide future mineral water exploration, taking three typical mineral water exploration areas in Chengde as examples, this paper studies the sources of Sr in mineral water and the general rules of its dissolution via a laboratory static leaching experiment and impact experiments, and it provides an analysis of the characteristics of typical rock samples. The research results indicate that the content of Sr in surrounding rock and the characteristics of minerals existing in surrounding rock jointly control the dissolution of Sr in water; that CO2 can promote the formation of mineral water containing Sr; and that temperature increases may boost the dissolution of Sr from carbonate minerals but also inhibit the dissolution of Sr from silicate minerals.

scholarly journals E-learning-Oriented Software Architecture Design and Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Peng Lu ◽  
Xiao Cong ◽  
Dongdai Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Application Framework ◽  
Component Library ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

Nowadays, E-learning system has been widely applied to practical teaching. It was favored by people for its characterized course arrangement and flexible learning schedule. However, the system does have some problems in the process of application such as the functions of single software are not diversified enough to satisfy the requirements in teaching completely. In order to cater more applications in the teaching process, it is necessary to integrate functions from different systems. But the difference in developing techniques and the inflexibility in design makes it difficult to implement. The major reason of these problems is the lack of fine software architecture. In this article, we build domain model and component model of E-learning system and components integration method on the basis of WebService. And we proposed an abstract framework of E-learning which could express the semantic relationship among components and realize high level reusable on the basis of informationized teaching mode. On this foundation, we form an E-learning oriented layering software architecture contain component library layer, application framework layer and application layer. Moreover, the system contains layer division multiplexing and was not built upon developing language and tools. Under the help of the software architecture, we could build characterized E-learning system flexibly like building blocks through framework selection, component assembling and replacement. In addition, we exemplify how to build concrete E-learning system on the basis of this software architecture.

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