La exclusiva función del actual recurso de casación contencioso-administrativo ante el Tribunal Supremo

2017 ◽  
pp. 303-328
Author(s):  
Miren Josune Pérez Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Judicial Independence ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
New System

LABURPENA: Lan honetan kasazio-errekurtsoaren araubide berriak ekainaren 21eko 7/2015 Lege Organikoa indarrean jarri ondoren indarrean dagoen administrazioarekiko auzien jurisdikzioan dauzkan ondorioak aztertzen dira. Sistema horren protagonista berriaren azterketa eta xedea, kasazio-interesaren kontzeptu zehaztugabea eta Auzitegi Gorenaren administrazioarekiko auzien salaren hautazko iritzia jorratzen dira. Bestalde, zuzenbidearen aplikazioan uniformetasunaren teknika ezartzeak dakartzan arriskuak jasotzen dira. Zalantzan jartzen da sistema berria, Giza Eskubideen Europako Auzitegiak benetako babes judizialari dagokionez errekurtsoa eskuratzeari buruz daukan doktrina erreferente hartuta eta zuzenbidea aplikatzeko berdintasunaren, segurtasun juridikoaren eta independentzia judizialaren printzipioetan dauzkan alboko kalteei buruz hausnartzen da. Azken batean, oso gutxik eskuratu ahalko duten sistema esklusibo bat aztertzen da. RESUMEN: En este trabajo se analizan las consecuencias del nuevo régimen del recurso de casación, en el orden jurisdiccional contencioso-administrativo, vigente tras la entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica 7/2015, de 21 de junio. Se aborda el estudio y finalidad del nuevo protagonista de este sistema, el concepto indeterminado de interés casacional y su apreciación discrecional por la Sala de lo contencioso-administrativo del Tribunal Supremo. Además, se recogen los peligros que entraña la instauración de la técnica de la uniformidad en la aplicación del derecho. Se cuestiona el nuevo sistema tomando como referente la doctrina del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos sobre el acceso al recurso en relación con la tutela judicial efectiva y se reflexiona sobre los daños colaterales en los principios de igualdad en la aplicación del derecho, seguridad jurídica e independencia judicial. En definitiva, se examina un exclusivo sistema al que muy pocos tendrán acceso. ABSTRACT: This work analyzes the consequences of the new regime of the appeal in cassation for the contentious administrative order, in force after the entry into vigour of Organic Act 7/2015 of June 21st. We deal with the study and purpose of this new player in this system, the undefined concept of interest in appeal and its discretionary assessment by the Contentious-administrative chamber in the Supreme Court. Besides, hazards related to the implementation of the uniformity in the application of law technique are set out. The new system is disputed taking the European Court of Human Rights doctrine as a reference regarding the access to judicial review in connection with an effective remedy and we reflect on the collateral damages upon principles of equality in the application of law, legal certainty and judicial independence. In short, we examine an exclusive system accessible to too few.

scholarly journals El nuevo motivo del recurso de revisión (especial referencia en el orden jurisdiccional penal) = The new reason for the review remedy (special reference in the criminal jurisdiction order)

2016 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Margarita Simarro Pedreira
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Special Mention ◽  
Optimum Solution

<p>El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el estudio de las reformas operadas tanto en la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial, a través de la Ley 7/2015 de 21 de julio, como en la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal, mediante la 41/2015 de 5 de octubre, en relación con la inclusión de un nuevo motivo de recurso de revisión como medio de ejecución de las sentencias dictadas por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, tan polémica hasta ahora, y que supone concluir con una previsión legal expresa (al igual que en otros Estados miembros del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos), un largo camino iniciado jurisprudencialmente desde la sentencia del Constitucional en el caso Barberá, Messeguer y Jabardo hasta el Pleno no Jurisdiccional del Tribunal Supremo de 21 de octubre de 2014 en el que se optaba por el recurso de revisión como el cauce más adecuado para la ejecución de sentencias del Tribunal Europeo. Igualmente en esta investigación se analiza el ámbito de extensión de la novedad a otros órdenes jurisdiccionales, con especial referencia al penal, los requisitos para poder acudir a esta vía y las deficiencias funcionales que en la práctica pueden llegar a surgir.</p><p>The present Project is seeking to research the reforms operated both in the Organic Law on Judicial Power, by means of Law 7/2015 of July 21st, and the Criminal Procedure Code conducted through Law 41/2015 of October 5th, regarding the inclusion of a new plea of revision, as a mean to execute the sentences dictated by the European Court of Human Rights, so controversial until now, wich entails to conclude with a new legal stipulation (like other members of the European Convention on Human Rights), a long road that began with the sentence of Constitutional Court on the case Barberá, Messeguer and Jobardo, to the Non-Jurisdictional Plenary of the Supreme Court of October 21st, 2014, in which an application for review was selected as the optimum solution for the execution of sentences in European Court. Likewise, in this research, the field of spreading of novelty to other court orders is analyzed, with a special mention to the criminal one, in addition to requeriments and deficiencies that may arise i practice.</p>

scholarly journals DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN COURT ON HUMAN RIGHTS AS MANDATORY ELEMENT OF JUDICIAL CONTROLIN CRIMINAL PROCEEDING

2019 ◽  
pp. 284-294
Author(s):  
O. Plakhotnik
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Judicial Control ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Draw Conclusion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Grand Chamber ◽  
And Function

The purpose of this article is opening of necessity of application of ECHR practice in the decisions of the investigating judge to increase the value of judicial control over the observance of rights, freedoms and interests of individuals in criminal proceedings. The article includes analysis of the current legislation on the definition of judicial review at the pre-trial investigation stage. Judicial control is revealed through the powers of the investigating judge in criminal proceedings. There were examined opinions of scientists in relation to determinations of judicial control and function of investigation judge on the stage of pre-trial investigation. It is possible to draw conclusion from the analysis of the last scientific researches, that expansion of scopes of judicial control in a criminal production, it is a next step to rethink the value of judicial control in criminal proceedings. Decisions taken by the investigating judge should be based on the principles of legality and rule of law. The conclusion about the need to study the application of ECHR investigating judges to strengthen the role of the court at the stage of pre-trial investigation and reduction of procedural errors that can become new ECHR judgments against Ukraine. Judicial statistics and decision of consequence judges content are analysed with the use of practice of ECHR for 2018 and beginning 2019 years. Out of analysis of judicial statistics a conclusion is made that tendency on application of practice of ECHR in 2019 is slowly, but grows. The necessity of wide use of practice of ECHR courts is examined during realization of judicial control in a criminal proceedings. The estimation is given to expansion of the list of proceedings that must be carried out with the permission of the investigating judge. It is analyzed the shortcomings of the application of the ECHR practice courts and disadvantages such as the decision by the investigating judge ruling, not under criminal procedural rules. The practice of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court is analysed. It is given the risks of the work of the investigating judge, who can relate to undue interference in the work of law enforcement. It is noted the decision of the ECHR “Volokhi against Ukraine” dated November 2, 2006. It is concluded that the judicial review of the investigative actions should also include the application of the ECHR practice, and application of ECHR in the activities of the investigating judge at the pre-trial investigation stage is a prerequisite for respect for the rule rights in criminal proceedings and the strategic task for Ukraine. Key words: European Court of Human Rights, court control, criminal proceedings.

scholarly journals Retrospective Bankruptcy Legislation In The Practice Of The European Court Of Human Rights And Constitutional Court Of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
R.B. Sabodash
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
Sufficient Degree ◽  
Effective Remedy

The paper focuses on the debtor’s contract awarded into a suspicious bankruptcy period. Special attention is paid to retrospective bankruptcy legislation according to which the debtor’s contracts may be declared invalid. The article deals with the practice of the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the European Court of Human Rights. The European Court of Human Rights in the case «James and Others v. The United Kingdom» stated that the fairness of a system of law governing the contractual or property rights of private parties is a matter of public concern and therefore legislative measures intended to bring about such fairness are capable of being «in the public interest», even if they involve the compulsory transfer of property from one individual to another. Special attention is paid to cases “Melnyk v. Ukraine” in which the European Court of Human Rights requires retrospective civil legislation is not expressly prohibited by the provisions of the Convention and in certain circumstances may be justified. Therefore, the Court considers that the issue of an effective remedy is concerned, the remedy in question must already exist with a sufficient degree of certainty. The retroactive application of civil procedural law would undermine the principle of legal certainty and would be contrary to the rule of law when it deprives a person of access to a remedy which is deemed to be effective for the purposes of Article 35 § 1 of the Convention. The issue of this paper is to show that the aim of the legislation could not have been achieved without retrospection and the author is accordingly satisfied that a reasonable degree of proportionality exists between the means employed and the aim sought to be achieved because each party has access to effective remedies.

Insult of Public Officials

2021 ◽  
pp. 388-409
Author(s):  
Christoph Bezemek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Supreme Court ◽  
Structural Differences

This chapter assesses public insult, looking at the closely related question of ‘fighting words’ and the Supreme Court of the United States’ decision in Chaplinsky v New Hampshire. While Chaplinsky’s ‘fighting words’ exception has withered in the United States, it had found a home in Europe where insult laws are widely accepted both by the European Court of Human Rights and in domestic jurisdictions. However, the approach of the European Court is structurally different, turning not on a narrowly defined categorical exception but upon case-by-case proportionality analysis of a kind that the US Supreme Court would eschew. Considering the question of insult to public officials, the chapter focuses again on structural differences in doctrine. Expanding the focus to include the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) and the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACtHPR), it shows that each proceeds on a rather different conception of ‘public figure’.

scholarly journals On the rule of law and the quality of the law: reflections of the constitutional-turned-international judge

2019 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Egidijus Küris
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Law

Western legal tradition gave the birth to the concept of the rule of law. Legal theory and constitutional justice significantly contributed to the crystallisation of its standards and to moving into the direction of the common concept of the rule of law. The European Court of Human Rights uses this concept as an interpretative tool, the extension of which is the quality of the law doctrine, which encompasses concrete requirements for the law under examination in this Court, such as prospectivity of law, its foreseeability, clarity etc. The author of the article, former judge of the Lithuanian Constitutional Court and currently the judge of the European Court of Human Rights, examines how the latter court has gradually intensified (not always consistently) its reliance on the rule of law as a general principle, inherent in all the Articles of the European Convention on Human Rights, to the extent that in some of its judgments it concentrates not anymore on the factual situation of an individual applicant, but, first and foremost, on the examination of the quality of the law. The trend is that, having found the quality of the applicable law to be insufficient, the Court considers that the mere existence of contested legislation amounts to an unjustifiable interference into a respective right and finds a violation of respective provisions of the Convention. This is an indication of the Court’s progressing self-approximation to constitutional courts, which are called to exercise abstract norm-control.La tradición occidental alumbró la noción del Estado de Derecho. La teoría del Derecho y la Justicia Constitucional han contribuido decisivamente a la cristalización de sus estándares, ayudando a conformar un acervo común en torno al mismo. El Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos emplea la noción de Estado de Derecho como una herramienta interpretativa, fundamentalmente centrada en la doctrina de la calidad de la ley, que implica requisitos concretos que exige el Tribunal tales como la claridad, la previsibilidad, y la certeza en la redacción y aplicación de la norma. El autor, en la actualidad Juez del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y anterior Magistrado del Tribunal Constitucional de Lituania, examina cómo el primero ha intensificado gradualmente (no siempre de forma igual de consistente) su confianza en el Estado de Derecho como principio general, inherente a todos los preceptos que forman el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos, hasta el punto de que en algunas de sus resoluciones se concentra no tanto en la situación de hecho del demandante individual sino, sobre todo y ante todo, en el examen de esa calidad de la ley. La tendencia del Tribunal es a considerar que, si observa que la ley no goza de calidad suficiente, la mera existencia de la legislación discutida supone una interferencia injustificable dentro del derecho en cuestión y declara la violación del precepto correspondiente del Convenio. Esto implica el acercamiento progresivo del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos a los Tribunales Constitucionales, quienes tienen encargado el control en abstracto de la norma legal.

scholarly journals Swiss Climate Change Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-47
Author(s):  
Julia Hänni ◽  
Tienmu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
European Court ◽  
Recent Innovation ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Reduce Emissions

AbstractThis chapter explores the relationship between Swiss climate change law and the international and European climate change regimes. At the international level, the chapter reviews the three major international agreements regulating the field: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC, and the Paris Agreement. And at the national and regional levels, the chapter briefly describes the CO2 Act—often considered the heart of Swiss climate change policy—and questions whether it will prove effective in achieving its explicitly stated emissions reduction targets. The chapter then reviews the most significant recent innovation in the evolution of Swiss climate change policy: joining the Emissions Trading System (ETS) established by the European Union. Due to long-standing problems afflicting the ETS, the authors raise doubts about whether Switzerland’s joining the scheme will lead to meaningful reductions in the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. As an alternative to an ETS-centric approach, the authors refer to an approach centered on human rights. Drawing on the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the major international climate change agreements, other sources of international law, and the recent Urgenda decision of the Supreme Court of the Netherlands, the authors argue that under the human rights approach, Switzerland would be obligated to take stronger measures to reduce emissions than it could hope to achieve through the ETS and the CO2 Act alone.

scholarly journals Improving Human Rights Protection on the national and the European Level

2015 ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
RUDOLF DUR SCHNUTZ
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
National Level ◽  
European Level ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Current State ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Venice Commission ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
The Individual

The recent move towards the individual access to constitutional justice is a progress for protection of human rights in Europe. The explicit purpose of these efforts is to settle human rights issues on the national level and to reduce the number of cases at the Strasbourg Court. Such individual complaints have to be designed in a way that makes them an effective remedy which has to be exhausted before a case can be brought before the European Court of Human Rights. This paper points out the current state of these improvements on the national level in a difficult context on the European level and the recommendations of the Venice Commission in this regard.

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