scholarly journals EFFECTS OF STRUCTURED MANUAL HYPERINFLATION FOR IMPROVING RESPIRATORY PARAMETRS IN POST-OPERATIVE CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-79
Author(s):  
Seyyada Ali ◽  
Suman Sheraz ◽  
Khalid Aziz ◽  
Aisha Razzaq ◽  
Iqra Shad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Tension ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cabg Patients

Purpose: Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy plays a crucial role in cardiac rehabilitation after surgeries. The deterioration of respiratory parameters occurs after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedure. Manual hyperinflation (MHI) is done according to clinical experiences and there are no specific guidelines for it. The objectives were to determine the effects of structured manual hyperinflation for improving respiratory parameters in post-operative CABG patients. Methodology: Duration of study was 6 months (January 2019-June 2019) with a sample size of 76 post-operative CABG patients. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Patients were divided into two groups’ i-e MHI and VHI depending upon the treatment protocol. In protocol, endotracheal tube (ETT) suctioning was done followed by MHI and VHI in assigned group in randomized controlled trial design. Respiratory parameters were measured by ABG’S, equations for static lung compliance and alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. Data was recorded pre and post ETT suctioning, immediately, 30 min and 60 min post intervention. Both males and females were included. Inclusion criteria involves patient must be intubated, hemodynamically and vitally stable, and age range 55-77 years. Those were excluded who have past medical history of diagnosed pulmonary pathology and any post-operative complications. Patient was withdrawn from the study if any subject who have unstable cardiovascular status and high levels of respiratory support. Data was analyzed on SPSS 21. Findings: All the respiratory parameters showed significant differences (p<0.05) in pre and post values of structured MHI. Significant difference (p<0.05) was observed immediately after intervention in terms of acidity (pH), partial pressure of carbon oxide (PaCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), oxygen saturation and arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio between the groups with scores higher for experimental group. HCO3 showed significant difference (p<0.05) immediately after intervention and 30 min and 60 min post intervention with the scores higher for control group. Static lung compliance showed significant difference (p<0.05) at 30 min and 60 min post intervention with scores higher for control group. Alveolar-arterial oxygen tension showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the groups at any point. No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between the groups at any other point of measurement for all respiratory parameters. MHI and VHI are both effective in improving respiratory parameters in post-operative CABG patients but the values were more significant in MHI group. But the difference between the groups was not significant and conclusive. Recommendations: This study should be conducted in different patient populations having different pulmonary conditions and other types of cardiac surgeries and in other patients who are intubated and mechanically ventilated. Moreover, the effects of both techniques on different variables must be studied after multiple numbers of sessions during the whole period of intubation.    

Association study of the CTH 1364 G>T polymorphism with coronary artery disease in the Greek population

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstathia Giannakopoulou ◽  
Fotios Konstantinou ◽  
Georgia Ragia ◽  
Zisis Gerontitis ◽  
Anna Tavridou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Genotype Frequency ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Caucasian Origin ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cabg Patients

Abstract Background Cystathionine γ-lyase enzyme, which is encoded by the CTH gene, is responsible for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in the endothelium. The CTH 1364 G>T polymorphism may alter the CTH expression and H2S bioavailability, thus leading to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). We examined the potential association of the CTH 1364 G>T polymorphism with CAD. Methods The CTH 1364 G>T polymorphism was determined in 178 coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients and 156 non-atherosclerotic controls of Greek Caucasian origin using the PCR–RFLP method. Results No significant difference in the frequency of the CTH 1364 G>T genotypes (p = 0.281) and alleles (p = 0.265) was found between the CABG patients and controls. After conducting stratification according to sex, analysis showed a numerical difference in the CTH 1364 TT genotype frequency in female participants that did not reach statistical significance (16.3% and 8.5% in the CABG and controls, respectively, p = 0.26). The frequency of the CTH 1364 TT genotype between the male CABG patients and controls did not differ (p = 0.507). Conclusions The CTH 1364 G>T polymorphism was not associated with CAD in the studied population. However, interestingly, a higher – if not significantly so – CTH 1364 TT genotype frequency was present in female CABG patients compared with female controls. Larger studies are necessary to conclude on the potential overall or gender-driven association between CTH 1364 G>T gene polymorphism and CAD.

Vitamin D Treatment Attenuates Heart Apoptosis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Tasdighi ◽  
Manouchehr Hekmat ◽  
Mahmoud Beheshti ◽  
Ramin Baghaei ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Mirhosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in immune system and in the regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with an extensive inflammatory response. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of vitamin D treatment on the apoptosis and inflammatory changes developed after CABG. Methods: This trial was conducted on 70 patients undergoing CABG with CPB. Patients were randomly administered either in placebo or in the group of orally consuming 150 000 IU vitamin D daily for 3 consecutive days before surgery. The right atrium sample was taken to assess caspases 2, 3, and 7 activity using immunohistochemistry method. The serum level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were compared at intervals. Results: The average number of positive cells for caspases 2 and 3 were less in vitamin D group ( P = .006 and P < .001, respectively). There was an increase in serum levels of IL-10 after 3 days from vitamin D treatment before surgery (vitamin D group = 4.4 ± 4.9 ng/mL and control group = 1 ± 0.5 ng/mL, P = .001). After operation, IL-10 increased in both groups, higher level in vitamin D group ( P < .001). The comparison of serum IGF-1 showed significant difference after 3 days ( P = .006) and remained higher in vitamin D group after CPB ( P < .001). Conclusions: These findings suggest the apoptosis rate after CPB can be reduced by vitamin D. Vitamin D treatment may improve the inflammatory status before and after surgery. Further studies are needed to confirm the antiapoptotic property of vitamin D and clinical implication.

scholarly journals Comparison of acute normovolemic hemodilution effect on the amount of bleeding in the first 48 hours after coronary artery bypass grafting

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Vadoud Norouzi ◽  
Mohammad Hasanpour ◽  
Sahar Khajavi
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Bleeding Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of mortality in developed countries, as well as in the whole world. In this regard, autologous transfusion is a topic that can be useful and valuable, especially in complex surgery such as heart surgery and organ transplantation. One of its variants is Acute Normovolomic Hemodilution (ANH). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of ANH on the amount of bleeding in the first 48hours after coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods: In this clinical trial, 100 patients were selected from all heart patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardebil for CABG surgery in the years 2016-17. They were selected by simple random sampling as a statistical sample and They were divided into intervention (50 ANH recipients’ people) and control groups (50 without ANH people).Results: Based on the findings, in the ANH recipients’ group, the mean of bleeding volume was 59.1±7.3ml in the first day and 55.6±4.2ml in the control group and the difference between the two groups was not significant on the first day. The mean of bleeding volume on the second day was 46.1±2.8ml in the ANH group and 42.7±2.9ml in the control group. Although it was somewhat higher, it was not statistically significant. Of all samples 45% were female and 55% were male. The most common type of blood group was 33 (33%) in the blood group O. The highest age group (61%) was over the 60 years old. The pump time varied with an average of 122.2±21.5minutes. The lowest value was PT 11 and the highest was 15 with an average of 13.02±0.9seconds. The mean of PTT was 32.5±2.6seconds and the mean INR was 1.1±1.0. The average plt was 251170±64124. The mean ACT was 596 / 6±183/7seconds.Conclusions: The results showed that in the mean of bleeding volume between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.41), bleeding volume by age (p = 0.3), bleeding volume by gender (p =0.54) and bleeding volume by blood group (p=0.48) was not significant difference. Based on these results, it is suggested that more studies be done on the more number of samples.

The effects of ocean sounds on sleep after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Cabg Patients

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of ocean sounds (white noise) on the night sleep pattern of postoperative coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients after transfer from an intensive care unit. DESIGN: A before and after trial with an experimental and a control group was used in this intervention study. SETTING: A large public hospital with primary, secondary, and tertiary care facilities. PATIENTS: A consecutive sample of 60 first-time CABG patients was systematically assigned to the experimental or the control group. INTERVENTION: For the experimental group, the sounds were played on the Marsona Sound Conditioner (Marpac Corporation, Wilmington, NC) for three consecutive nights posttransfer from the ICU. No control of environment, except for the elimination of white noise, was done for the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, a visual analog scale, provided self-reported sleep scores on six variables. Analysis of covariance was used to test the difference between the posttest scores of the groups, with the pretest used as the covariate. RESULTS: There were significant differences in sleep depth, awakening, return to sleep, quality of sleep, and total sleep scores; the group receiving ocean sounds reported higher scores, indicating better sleep. There was no difference in the falling asleep scores. CONCLUSION: The use of ocean sounds is a viable intervention to foster optimal sleep patterns in postoperative CABG patients after transfer from the ICU.

scholarly journals The effect of eucalyptus vapor on cough after coronary artery bypass surgery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Zare ◽  
Masoumeh Bagheri-Nesami ◽  
Hedayat Jafari ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani-Charati ◽  
Valiollah Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Tracheal Extubation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interventional Group

Cough is postoperative complication following endotracheal intubation as well as inflammation of the pharynx, larynx and trachea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eucalyptus vapor on cough after tracheal extubation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). In this randomized controlled trial, 100 patients undergoing CABG were randomly divided into two groups by accessible sampling. Before the intervention and after tracheal extubation, demographic and clinical data, as well as data on cough by a scoring system were collected from interventional and control groups. The patients in the interventional group after tracheal extubation were exposed to eucalyptus vapor for about 10 min. This treatment was performed at 1 and 12 h after extubation. The severity of cough was recorded in both interventional and control groups at 0, 1, 6, 12 and 24 h after extubation. The present study showed that the severity of cough after extubation in the patients undergoing CABG in the interventional group had no significant difference at the times of immediate to 24 hours after extubation. Risk of cough had respectively 9.5% increase in the control group as compared to the interventional group.

Planned discharge program effectiveness on cardiac self-efficacy and hope in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 201010582110646
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Eghbali ◽  
Batool Tirgari ◽  
Zahra Dehghani ◽  
Mansooreh A Forouzi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Cabg Patients

Background Controlling risk factors and lifestyle modification in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients plays an important role and leads to the empowerment of these patients to take care of themselves. One way to empower these patients is to improve their self-efficacy and hope. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the planned discharge on cardiac self-efficacy and hope of CABG patients. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, the sample consisted of 60 people (30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group). Data were collected using the Miller Hope Questionnaire and Sullivan Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using central indices of mean and standard deviation and Chi-square, t-tests and one-way analysis of variance. The software used for data analysis was SPSS version 19. Results The mean age of participants in the control group was 91/9 ± 86/91 and in the intervention, group was 33/7 ± 7/58. There was no significant difference between the demographic characteristics, heart self-efficacy and hope scores of the participants in the control and intervention groups. After the intervention, there was a meaningful statistical difference between the two groups at discharge time and 1 month afterward in both hope and cardiac heart self-efficacy scores ( p = 0.001, 0.0001). Conclusion In this study, the implementation of the discharge program was effective in increasing the hope and cardiac self-efficacy of CABG patients and the use of the discharge plan is recommended to improve the outcomes of these patients.

The effect of melatonin on interleukins 22 and 13 in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: A Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jouybar ◽  
Mansour Jannati ◽  
Saeed Khademi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CABG) is one treatment for patients with coronary artery disease. After CABG, a series of inflammatory processes occur which affect other organs of the body and even cause severe organ damage and subsequently a worse prognosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-surgically administered melatonin on interleukins 22 and 13 in patients undergoing CABG.Results: In this study, 22 patients were evaluated, 10 patients (45.5%) in the Melatonin group, and 12 patients (54.5%) in the control group. The mean level of IL-22 at all time-points in T2, T3, and T4 was significantly lower in the Melatonin group (P <0.05). There was also a significant increase in IL-22 in both groups at T4 compared to T1. There was no significant difference between the two groups in IL-13 at any time, but the Melatonin group at T2 had a significant decrease in IL-13 compared to T1. This study showed that preoperative melatonin administration could prevent the increase of IL-22 but not IL-13.

Pretreatment with Methylprednisolone Improves Myocardial Protection during On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolga Demir ◽  
Mehmet Umit Ergenoglu ◽  
Hale Bolgi Demir ◽  
Nursen Tanrikulu ◽  
Mazlum Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Myocardial Protection ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cabg Surgery ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

<strong>Background</strong>: This study was undertaken to determine whether methylprednisolone could improve myocardial protection by altering the cytokine profile toward an anti-inflammatory course in patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).<br /><strong>Methods</strong>: Forty patients who were scheduled for elective CABG surgery were randomized into two groups: the study group (n = 20), who received 1 g of methylprednisolone intravenously before CPB, and the control group (n = 20), who underwent a standard CABG surgery without any additional medication. Blood samples were withdrawn prior to surgery (T1) and then 4 hours (T2), 24 hours (T3), and 36 hours (T4) after CPB. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin-t (cTnT), and blood glucose as well as neutrophil counts were measured at each sampling time. <br /><strong>Results</strong>: A comparison of patients between both groups revealed significantly high levels of IL-6 in the control group at T2, T3, and T4 with respect to T1 (T2: P &lt; .001; T3: <br />P &lt; .001; T4: P &lt; .001). IL-10 levels were significantly higher in the study group at T2 compared with the control group <br />(P = .007). CK-MB levels were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group at T4 (P = .001). The increase of cTnT was higher in the control group at T3 and T4 compared with the study group (T3: P = .002; T4: P = .001).<br /><strong>Conclusions</strong>: This study demonstrates that methylprednisolone is effective for ensuring better myocardial protection during cardiac surgery by suppressing the inflammatory response via decreasing the levels of IL-6 and by increasing anti-inflammatory activity through IL-10.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Effect of “Spatially Separated Speech in Noise Training” on speech perception in noise in children with bimodal fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Lotfi ◽  
Mahdieh Hasanalifard ◽  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Enayatollah Bakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Ajalloueyan
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recognition Ability

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training on the ability of speech perception in noise among bimodal fitting users. The assumption was that the rehabilitation can enhance spatial hearing and hence speech in noise perception. This study was an interventional study, with a pre/post-design. Speech recognition ability was assessed with the specific tests. After performing the rehabilitation stages in the intervention group, the speech tests were again implemented, and by comparing the pre- and post-intervention data, the effect of auditory training on the speech abilities was assessed. Twenty-four children of 8–12 years who had undergone cochlear implantation and continuously used bimodal fitting were investigated in two groups of control and intervention. Results The results showed a significant difference between the groups in different speech tests after the intervention, which indicated that the intervention group have improved more than the control group. Conclusion It can be concluded that “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training can improve the speech perception in noise in bimodal fitting users. In general, this rehabilitation method is useful for enhancing the speech in noise perception ability.

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