scholarly journals The Double Side of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Isabella Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Public ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
The One

The introduction of artificial intelligence in the public sector seems to be both a positive and negative development. On the one hand, artificial intelligence could improve the efficiency of public bodies due to the acceleration of the decision-making process, especially for repetitive procedures to free up public servants. Big data analysis, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things applied to the public sector could allow the reshaping of public service delivery. This is so, on the one hand, because data becomes a ‘piece of reality’ and, therefore, the aggregate analysis of data gives a realistic and objective picture of the current society. On the other hand, some concerns arise when artificial intelligence dissociates civil servants from the recipients of their services or affects the rights of these recipients. Scholars are called upon to reflect on the nature of artificial intelligence to overcome obstacles related to the ‘black box’ nature of its functioning and to better implement it in the public sector field. Legal rules and principles in the administrative decision-making process play a crucial role as they risk hindering the development of artificial intelligence in the public sector, as the Italian case-law highlights.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence (AI) in strategic marketing decision-making: a research agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlin Stone ◽  
Eleni Aravopoulou ◽  
Yuksel Ekinci ◽  
Geraint Evans ◽  
Matt Hobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Strategic Marketing ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Marketing Decision ◽  
The Face

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review literature about the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in strategic situations and identify the research that is needed in the area of applying AI to strategic marketing decisions. Design/methodology/approach The approach was to carry out a literature review and to consult with marketing experts who were invited to contribute to the paper. Findings There is little research into applying AI to strategic marketing decision-making. This research is needed, as the frontier of AI application to decision-making is moving in many management areas from operational to strategic. Given the competitive nature of such decisions and the insights from applying AI to defence and similar areas, it is time to focus on applying AI to strategic marketing decisions. Research limitations/implications The application of AI to strategic marketing decision-making is known to be taking place, but as it is commercially sensitive, data is not available to the authors. Practical implications There are strong implications for all businesses, particularly large businesses in competitive industries, where failure to deploy AI in the face of competition from firms, who have deployed AI to improve their decision-making could be dangerous. Social implications The public sector is a very important marketing decision maker. Although in most cases it does not operate competitively, it must make decisions about making different services available to different citizens and identify the risks of not providing services to certain citizens; so, this paper is relevant to the public sector. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first papers to probe deployment of AI in strategic marketing decision-making.

scholarly journals Service outsourcing decisions – a process framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-194
Author(s):  
Suvituulia Taponen ◽  
Katri Kauppi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Service Outsourcing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Organizations

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare service outsourcing decisions between public and private organizations and against a theoretical decision-making framework to both understand differences across the sectors and to provide an outsourcing framework more suitable specifically for outsourcing (and for the public sector). Design/methodology/approach Multiple case studies, i.e. a study of phenomena (here outsourcing process) at various sites is used as an approach. Findings Findings indicate that public sector organizations are trailing behind private sector organizations in how the decision-making process is conducted and resourced. The authors suggest regular evaluation of service functions internally as a starting point for the outsourcing service decision-making process. Additionally, the market analysis should be done prior to cost analysis and benchmarking as the availability of suppliers more qualified than the internal process defines the make or buy decision. Research limitations/implications The newly developed framework based on empirical evidence includes the following phases: regular evaluation of service functions, market analysis, cost analysis and benchmarking and evaluating relevant service activities. Applying the framework improves the efficient delivery of outsourced public services and brings public sector outsourcing closer to the professionalism currently present in the private sector. Originality/value Choosing between in-house and outsourced service delivery is a fundamental decision in both private and public sector organizations. Previous outsourcing research has mostly focused on the private sector, with limited focus on the public sector’s outsourcing processes, yet understanding of the service outsourcing process is important in ensuring organizational competitiveness and cost efficiency.

scholarly journals Good governance and transparency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
Laura Vilone ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Special Place ◽  
The One

The notion of “good governance” implies the special place given to the State. Such a model is defined by the effectiveness of certain guarantees such as the independence of the judiciary, the correct and fair management of expenditure but also administrative transparency. Indeed, the latter depends on the sincerity of those involved in public action, on the one hand, and the constant dialogue between the public authorities and the public, on the other hand. The purpose of this intervention is to demonstrate that the realisation of the model of “good governance” is based, above all, on the existence of an administration that fully understands the requirements of administrative transparency. The two pillars of “good governance” would thus be the foundations of the principle of transparency: communication with citizens and their participation in the process of the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Association of the implementation, use and appropriation of information technologies with decision making in the public sector: An exploration of the case of the mayoralty in Bucaramanga, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
H. Gélvez Díaz ◽  
J. F Reyes-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Natural Way ◽  
Second Use

This investigation explores the association between the implementation, use and appropriation of information technologies in the decision making process in the public sector. The study adopted a quantitative approach with data collected from the application of a questionnaire to 294 employees at the mayoralty of the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. Results show that understanding information technologies as part of a structured and gradual process can positively influence those who make decisions, facilitating and speeding up their work. The above requires three previous steps: first, to carry out implementations of information technologies in accordance with strategic planning; second, use those implemented technologies in a prolonged way over time; and third, appropriate such technologies to the point where its advantages are taken grasped of in a natural way to obtain effective results in the development of work activities. The practical implications of the influence of information technologies in decision- making in the public sector are to facilitate and expedite the decision-making process of workers who decide, through the implementation of approval channels, the availability and security of information, the historical evidence and the prioritization of resources.

scholarly journals Smart Speaker Recommendations: Impact of Gender Congruence and Amount of Information on Users' Engagement and Choice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Romero ◽  
Daniel Ruiz-Equihua ◽  
Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro ◽  
Luis V. Casaló
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Message Length ◽  
Purchase Process ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of smart speakers is steadily increasing, allowing users perform several daily tasks. From a commercial perspective, smart speakers also provide recommendations of products and services that may influence the consumer decision-making process. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the adoption of smart speakers, but there is a lack of proper guidelines that help design the way these devices should offer their consumption recommendations. Based on a stimulus-organism-response approach, we analyze how two features of smart speakers' recommendations (the gender congruence between the customer and the speaker, and the length of the message) influence on the effectiveness of such recommendations (i.e., visiting intentions) through its impact on user engagement and attitude. Data was collected from a sample of undergrad students in Spain using an experiment design that focused on a restaurant recommendation, and analyzed using partial least squares. On the one hand, our results suggests that gender congruence generates user engagement with the smart speaker. On the other hand, message length is positively related to attitudes towards the restaurant, at a declining rate. In addition, while better attitudes lead to higher visiting intentions, the influence of engagement on visiting intentions is partially mediated via attitudes. Thus, our findings contribute to understand the antecedents of users' engagement with smart speakers, as well as its impact on the customers' willingness to follow smart speakers' recommendations, constituting a base to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence solutions aimed to smooth the transitions of a customer through the stages of purchase process.

scholarly journals Les fondements institutionnels du processus décisionnel de la Cour supérieure et de la Commission des affaires sociales

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-483
Author(s):  
François Morel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Court System ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Civil Court ◽  
The One ◽  
Civil Courts ◽  
Administrative Justice

Administrative justice implies a speedy resolution of a large number of cases, employing methods that are more informal, more accessible, and less costly than those which are inherent in the functioning of the traditional court system. Given these fundamental differences, the jurist can ask whether administrative tribunals, on the one hand, and traditional courts, on the other, arrive at similar judicial resolutions to similar legal problems. More pointedly, « Is administrative justice comparable in quality to that rendered by the traditional civil courts ? » This problem is addressed here through a methodical examination of the decision-making process, as employed by the Superior court of Quebec, and the Commission des affaires sociales, to give effect over the medium term (1976-1984) to two legal rules. A corpus of pertinent judgements and decisions is studied, with a view to discover how these rulings reflect the institutional and procedural differences underlying the decision-making process of the Superior court and of the Commission des affaires sociales. It is assumed that this process is the same for both institutions, and can be artificially fragmented and examined, in the light of the selected judgements and decisions. The result is a step-by-step, comparative commentary on the quality of justice as rendered by a traditional civil court and an administrative tribunal.

Weighing private preferences in public sector safety decisions: some reflections on the practical application of the willingness-to-pay approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL JONES-LEE ◽  
TERJE AVEN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Public ◽  
Expert Analysis ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

AbstractViewed from both an ethical and practical perspective, it is clearly desirable that public sector allocative and regulatory decisions should, so far as possible, reflect the preferences of individual members of society. It is therefore hardly surprising that, in appraising proposed safety improvements, public sector bodies have displayed an increasing tendency to estimate the benefits of such improvements on the basis of values of safety defined in such a way as to reflect the preferences and attitudes to safety of individual members of the public. However, given the technical complexity of many public sector safety decisions, it is also necessary to rely on expert analysis and informed judgement in reaching such decisions, so that preference-based values of safety should be regarded as being only one input to the decision-making process. In addition, the definition and estimation of the values themselves raise a number of practical and ethical questions. The purpose of this paper is to consider the role that preference-based values of safety can realistically be expected to play in these decision-making processes, given these difficulties and limitations.

Developing a Drug Testing Policy at a Public University: Participant Perspectives

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen O. Griffin ◽  
Adrienne Keller ◽  
Alan Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Public University ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Hard Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Participant Perspectives

Employee drug testing has been around for more than 30 years. The practice was embraced by private employers early on and is now widespread, particularly among larger companies. The development of drug testing programs in the public sector, however, has been slower and more deliberate due to constitutional law constraints, and perhaps also to a more democratic, convoluted decision-making process. Intensity of interest in drug testing has long subsided with respect to the literature; there are, nevertheless, compelling reasons to revisit this issue. Much of the past literature focuses on drug testing in the private sector, and where public-sector issues were broached (primarily from the legal/constitutional perspective), many have not been resolved. Moreover, many issues confronted by public policymakers have not been identified or adequately discussed. Also, most treatment in the literature has been academic and explicit, whereas analysis in this article is more anecdotal and implicit. Increasingly, policymakers are finding value in qualitative analysis of this type of data, as such analysis fills in gaps and guides utilization of the more explicit data. This is especially true of policymakers in the public sector who are keenly aware that decision making in this arena is often a politically- or socially-sensitive process, and that the hard data alone is insufficient to assist them.

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