scholarly journals Mineral Composition of Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease in the Kwilu Province (Congo-Kinshasa)

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
J. M. Kitadi ◽  
C. L. Inkoto ◽  
E. M. Lengbiye ◽  
D. S. T. Tshibangu ◽  
D. D. Tshilanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cell Disease

The aim of this study was to determine the mineral composition of 10 plants especially Alchornea cordifolia, Alternanthera bettzickiana, Annona senegalensis, Cyttaranthus congolensis, Dissotis brazzae, Justicia secunda, Harungana madagascariensis, Hura crepitans, Hypoxis angustifolia and Vigna unguiculata used in the management of sickle cell disease by traditional practitioners in Kwilu Province. The Plants collection was done at Kwilu province, sample were evaluated through fluorescence spectrometric analysis. These plants were harvested in Kwilu province in the Democratic Republic of Congo The mineral composition analysis was carried out using the fluorescence spectrometric method. This study revealed presence of Twenty-three (23) mineral elements, in each of these plants among others: Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Sulphur (S), Chlorine (Cl) and trace elements such as: Aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Bromine (Br), Molybdenum (Mo), Tin (Sn), Iodine (I), Barium (Ba) and Lead (Pb). Iron, Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Copper (Cu), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) and Manganese (Mn) are mineral elements that are related to sickle cell disease. Of all these elements, Potassium and Calcium were in a higher content while Lead, Tin, Bromine, Copper and Nickel are in trace amounts. The correlation coefficients obtained between the mineral elements are significant. The presence of some mineral elements like Fe, Zn, mg and Se can be useful for sickle cell disease patients.

scholarly journals Mineral Content and Antisickling Activity of Annona senegalensis, Alchornea cordifolia and Vigna unguiculata Used in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease in the Kwilu Province (Congo, DR)

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Jules M. Kitadi ◽  
Clément L. Inkoto ◽  
Emmanuel M. Lengbiye ◽  
Damien S. T. Tshibangu ◽  
Dorothée D. Tshilanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

Aims: To determine the mineral composition of some plants (Annona senegalensis Pers., Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Müll. Arg. and Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp.) used in the management of sickle cell disease by traditional practitioners in Kwilu province and to evaluate their antisickling activity in vitro.  Study Design: Plant collection in the Kwilu province, sample preparation,  antisickling tests and fluorescence spectrometric analysis. Place and Duration of Study: This work was performed at the Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, Congo DR, from October 2016 to January 2018. Methodology: These three plants were harvested in the province of Kwilu in Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mineral composition analysis was carried out using the fluorescence spectrometric method while the in vitro antisickling activity was evaluate using Emmel and hemolysis tests. Results: Twenty three mineral elements were identified in each of these three plants: Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Sulphur (S), Chlorine (Cl) and trace elements as: Aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Brome (Br), Molybdenum (Mo), Tin (Sn), Iodine (I), Barium (Ba) and Lead (Pb). Annona senegalensis Pers., Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Müll.Arg. and Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp. aqueous extracts showed the capacity to prevent the sickling and the hemolysis of red blood cells. Conclusion: The obtained results confirm the antisickling activity thus justifying the use of these plants in Traditional Medicine for the management of sickle cell disease. The presence of some mineral elements like Fe, Zn, Mg and Se are useful for sickle cell disease patients.

scholarly journals The gut microbiome in sickle cell disease: Characterization and potential implications

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255956
Author(s):  
Hassan Brim ◽  
James Taylor ◽  
Muneer Abbas ◽  
Kimberly Vilmenay ◽  
Mohammad Daremipouran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Disorder ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Background Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder that leads to hemolytic anemia, pain, organ damage and early mortality. It is characterized by polymerized deoxygenated hemoglobin, rigid sickle red blood cells and vaso-occlusive crises (VOC). Recurrent hypoxia-reperfusion injury in the gut of SCD patients could increase tissue injury, permeability, and bacterial translocation. In this context, the gut microbiome, a major player in health and disease, might have significant impact. This study sought to characterize the gut microbiome in SCD. Methods Stool and saliva samples were collected from healthy controls (n = 14) and SCD subjects (n = 14). Stool samples were also collected from humanized SCD murine models including Berk, Townes and corresponding control mice. Amplified 16S rDNA was used for bacterial composition analysis using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Pairwise group analyses established differential bacterial groups at many taxonomy levels. Bacterial group abundance and differentials were established using DeSeq software. Results A major dysbiosis was observed in SCD patients. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was lower in these patients. The following bacterial families were more abundant in SCD patients: Acetobacteraceae, Acidaminococcaceae, Candidatus Saccharibacteria, Peptostreptococcaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae, Actinomycetaceae, Clostridiales, Bacteroidacbactereae and Fusobacteriaceae. This dysbiosis translated into 420 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Townes SCD mice also displayed gut microbiome dysbiosis as seen in human SCD. Conclusion A major dysbiosis was observed in SCD patients for bacteria that are known strong pro-inflammatory triggers. The Townes mouse showed dysbiosis as well and might serve as a good model to study gut microbiome modulation and its impact on SCD pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Improvement of SCD morbimortality in children: experience in a remote area of an African country

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Mukinayi Mbiya ◽  
Didier Kalenda Kalombo ◽  
Yannick Nkesu Mukendi ◽  
Valery Daubie ◽  
John Kalenda Mpoyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
African Country ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Reference Center

Abstract Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a public health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. While reference sickle cell centers have been implemented in capital cities of African countries and have proven to be beneficial for SCD patients. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, they have never been set up in remote areas for families with low or very low sources of income. Method A cohort of 143 children with SCD aged 10 years old (IQR (interquartile range): 6–15 years) (sex ratio male/female = 1.3) were clinically followed for 12 months without any specific intervention aside from the management of acute events, and then for 12 months with a monthly medical visit, biological follow-up, and chemoprophylaxis (folic acid/penicillin), adequate fluids and malaria prevention. Results The median age of patients at the diagnosis of SCD was 2 years (IQR: 1–5). The implementation of standardized and regular follow-ups in a new sickle cell reference center in a remote city showed an increase in the annual mean hemoglobin level from 50 to 70 g/L (p = 0.001), and a decrease in the lymphocyte count and spleen size (p < 0.001). A significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the average annual number of hospitalizations and episodes of vaso-occlusive crises, blood transfusions, infections, and acute chest syndromes were also observed. Conclusions The creation of a sickle cell reference center and the regular follow-up of children with sickle cell disease are possible and applicable in the context of a remote city of an African country and represent simple and accessible measures that can reduce the morbimortality of children with sickle cell disease.

scholarly journals Melioidosis and sickle cell disease: Description of a rare association

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Mick Ya-Pongombo Shongo ◽  
◽  
Mimi Mujing Yav ◽  
Olivier Mukuku ◽  
Gaston Kankolongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Rare Association ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clinical Cases

Melioidosis and its germ are increasingly reported on the African continent and particularly in Central Africa, probably due to the increased awareness of clinicians and microbiologists and the growing recognition of the organism. It is called "Great Mimicker" because it produces a wide range of clinical characteristics such as would be found in patients living with sickle cell disease (SCD) in particular. However, to date, no publication presents this association between melioidosis and SCD. The authors describe here 3 clinical cases presenting this very rare association between melioidosis and SCD. These are 3 children with SCD (homozygous SS) residing in Lubumbashi in Haut-Katanga province in the Democratic Republic of Congo. One patient presented with sepsis as a clinical form of the disease. All 3 had presented a pulmonary form. Only one patient was treated specifically after the diagnosis of melioidosis; for the other two, this diagnosis was confirmed after their death. Thus the death rate is 66.67%. This article describes, through these 3 clinical cases, a very rare first association between melioidosis and SCD. This association requires research to establish whether, like Thalassemia, SCD can be considered a risk factor for melioidosis. A screening of cases of melioidosis in the general population should allow us to focus on this.

scholarly journals Co-occurrence of sickle cell disease and oculocutaneous albinism in a Congolese patient: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Mbiya Mukinayi ◽  
John Mpoyi Kalenda ◽  
Didier Kalombo Kalenda ◽  
Ghislain Disashi Tumba ◽  
Béatrice Gulbis
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Oculocutaneous Albinism ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorders ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Recessive Disorders

Abstract Background Sickle cell disease and oculocutaneous albinism are rare autosomal recessive disorders both related to mutations on chromosome 11. The diagnosis of patients suffering from both pathologies is necessary to enable dedicated monitoring of any complications at the ophthalmic and skin level. However, few cases are described in the literature. Case presentation A 14-month-old Congolese male child affected by oculocutaneous albinism, presented with pallor and jaundice. Blood indices revealed severe hemolytic anemia, which led to the diagnosis of sickle cell disease. The patient received a blood transfusion and close follow-up. Conclusions The co-inheritance of sickle cell disease and oculocutaneous albinism is a reality in the Democratic Republic of Congo, although it is rarely described. Given the current state of our knowledge, specific surveillance, specifically regarding cutaneous and ophthalmological complications, should be offered in this particular population. To enable this dedicated follow-up, sensitization to screening for sickle cell anemia in albino individuals should be carried out.

Barriers to healthcare for sickle cell disease patients in the Democratic Republic of Congo

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Salomon Agasa Batina ◽  
◽  
Paul Kombi Kambale ◽  
Marcel Poyo Sabiti ◽  
Charles Tshilumba Kayembe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Barriers To Healthcare

scholarly journals Neonatal screening for sickle cell disease in Central Africa: a study of 1825 newborns with a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon Mutesa ◽  
François Boemer ◽  
Louis Ngendahayo ◽  
Stephen Rulisa ◽  
Emmanuel K Rusingiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cell Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of systematic neonatal screening for sickle cell disease in the region of Great Lakes in Central Africa using a new approach with limited costs. Methods: Between July 2004 and July 2006, 1825 newborn dried blood samples were collected onto filter papers in four maternity units from Burundi, Rwanda and the East of the Democratic Republic of Congo. We tested for the presence of haemoglobin C and S in the eluted blood by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test using a monoclonal antibody. All ELISA-positive samples (multiple of the median (MoM)≥ 1.5) were confirmed by a simple molecular test. The statistica software version 7.1 was used to create graphics and to fix the MoM cut-off, and the χ2 of Pearson was used to compare the genotype incidences between countries. Results: Of the 1825 samples screened, 97 (5.32%) were positive. Of these, 60 (3.28%) samples were heterozygous for Hb S, and four (0.22%) for Hb C; two (0.11%) newborns were Hb SS homozygotes. Conclusions: The lower cost and the high specificity of ELISA test are appropriate for developing countries, and such systematic screening for sickle cell anaemia is therefore feasible.

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