Using Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Nonmedical Anabolic Steroid Use in Young Adults

Nonmedical anabolic steroid use affects as many as three million Americans. Young adults often perform dangerous behaviors while using nonmedical anabolic steroids. For health promoters to design effective programs combating the use of nonmedical anabolic steroids, a theoretical framework may be necessary. The Theory of Planned Behavior is often applied to predict behavior, and the use of the elements of the Theory of Planned Behavior may help develop a real-world construct to prevent steroid use. The purpose of this article is to explore the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to improve understanding of the influences of nonmedical anabolic steroid use.

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Young adults and wine consumption a qualitative application of the theory of planned behavior

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-05-2012-0114 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 116 (5) ◽

pp. 832-848 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana Patrícia Silva ◽

Isabel Figueiredo ◽

Tim Hogg ◽

Miguel Sottomayor

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Young People ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Subjective Norms ◽

Content Type ◽

Wine Consumption ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior

Purpose – The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework. Findings – The major findings are that attitudes and subjective norms are, apparently, the components with most influence on behavior of young people in relation to wine consumption. For the consumers group, attitudes seem to be the most crucial component, especially the “interest in alcohol”. They drink it in special occasions for sociability and to disinhibit. Regarding the non-consumers group, the main attitude is “dislike taste”. Also the subjective norms, are very present, especially parents, society, friends and publicity, in consumers group. The non-consumers have the perception of greater parental induction to not consume wine. No significant differences were found between gender or educational system. Research limitations/implications – Concerning the results, a limited, convenience sample, was employed and this is assumedly an exploratory study. Therefore the results cannot be considered to represent a broad section of the groups studied. Still sample related, only Portuguese young adults students were studied. Social implications – This research can contribute not only for the knowledge relating to Portugal as a wine consuming environment but also to the general area of attitudes and perceptions of young people towards moderate wine consumption. As today young adults, novice or potential wine consumers will be the next generation of wine consumers, it can be beneficial for wine marketers to focus on this target population aiming at exploring further their engagement with wine. Originality/value – This research has an originally approach to wine consumption by young adults once it focus and explore the non-problematic behavior of young adults about wine consumption. The results of this study can contribute to the development of targeted advertising and publicity of the wine industry, in order to promote moderate wine consumption among young adults.

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Application of the theory of planned behavior to predict smoking intentions: cross-cultural comparison of Kenyan and American young adults

Health Education Research ◽

10.1093/her/cyaa041 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Lu ◽

YoungJu Shin ◽

Mary W Gitau ◽

Margaret W Njoroge ◽

Peter Gitau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Mediation Model ◽

Cultural Adaptations ◽

Cultural Variations ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

American Model ◽

American Young Adults

Abstract Despite well-established research on the applications of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the American culture, TPB has not been fully tested in the Kenyan culture. This study compared the applications of TPB in predicting smoking intentions (i.e., future and weekend smoking intentions) of Kenyan and American young adults. Data were collected from 252 Kenyans and 227 Americans. The Kenyan participants consisted of 41.7% females with a mean age of 25 years (SD = 4.81). The American participants (49.3% females) had an average age of 19 years (SD = 1.30). Multi-group path analysis was performed to test the equivalence of a TPB-based mediation model in Kenyans and Americans. Significant differences of TPB application were detected. In the American model, smoking consequence beliefs were indirectly associated with smoking intentions through attitudes whereas neither direct nor indirect effects of smoking consequence beliefs were detected in the Kenyan model. Instead, normative beliefs indirectly associated with future and weekend smoking intentions through attitudes and subjective norms in the Kenyan model. Despite some overlapping paths, there were cultural variations on specific associations among TPB constructs between Kenyans and Americans. Cultural adaptations may be needed when applying TPB in the Kenyan cultural context.

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Using the Transtheoretical Model to Address Androgenic-Anabolic Steroid Use in Adolescents and Young Adults: Part Two

Strength and Conditioning Journal ◽

10.1519/ssc.0b013e3181956342 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 13-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James E Leone ◽

Kimberly A Gray ◽

Jennifer M Rossi ◽

Robert M Colandreo

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Anabolic Steroid ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Steroid Use ◽

Androgenic Anabolic Steroid

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Still careless: Findings from a cross-sectional study of young pedestrians’ risky road crossing behaviors

10.21203/rs.2.22357/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mina Hashemiparast ◽

Manoj Sharma ◽

Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽

Zahra Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Previous Experience ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

P Value ◽

Vehicle Collision ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Road Crossing

Abstract Background: Pedestrian-vehicle collision is one of the most common traffic injuries worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of pedestrians' road crossing beliefs and behaviors in potentially risky situations using the Theory of Planned Behavior among Iranian young adults. Methods: This was a population-based study on a sample of 562 young adults aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected by using a self-administered validated questionnaire including constructs of the theory of planned behavior and items of perceived risk and severity.. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance. Results: From all the respondents, 17.8% reported that they had previous experience of vehicle-collision. Among those with previous experience reported fewer safety behaviors than those who did not experience an accident. It was found significant differences between participants with and without a history of vehicle-collision for perceived risk (mean difference, adjusted multivariate P-value: -5.77, 0.027) and perceived severity (-6.08, 0.003), attitude toward traffic regulations (-6.34, 0.006), attitude toward behavior (-7.56, 0.005), perceived behavioral control (-5.20, 0.018), behavioral intention (-5.35, 0.046) and road crossing behavior in potentially risky situations (-5.37, 0.004). Conclusions: Previous unpleasant experience of vehicle-collision is not the only determinant of self-protective behaviors in road- crossing which indicate the role of cognitive and motivational factors such as, subjective norms, attitudes towards risk, feelings of invulnerability in case of facing with vehicle collision.

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Integrating Risk Perception Attitude Framework and the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Mental Health Promotion Behaviors among Young Adults

Health Communication ◽

10.1080/10410236.2019.1573298 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 597-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jingyuan Shi ◽

Hye Kyung Kim

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Young Adults ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Mental Health Promotion ◽

Health Promotion Behaviors ◽

Risk Perception Attitude Framework

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Desire for Weight Gain and Potential Risks of Adolescent Males Using Anabolic Steroids

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.78.1.267 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 267-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Min Qi Wang ◽

Charles E. Yesalis ◽

Eugene C. Fitzhugh ◽

William E. Buckley ◽

Helen Smiciklas-Wright

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Anabolic Steroid ◽

Anabolic Steroids ◽

Good Health ◽

Adolescent Males ◽

Average Strength ◽

Steroid Use ◽

Physical Strength ◽

12Th Grade ◽

Potential Risks

This study examined the perceptions of adolescent males regarding their physical strength, health status, and desire to gain weight and their perceptions of anabolic steroid use. Subjects were 12th-grade boys ( N = 3403), drawn from a pool of 150 high schools nationwide, who completed a health questionnaire. Analysis indicated 47.0% ( n = 1475) who wanted to gain weight, perceived themselves as of less than average strength and having good health, and were sports participants. Also, among those who desired weight gain, about 24% ( n = 345) were not sure about the most dangerous health risks associated with anabolic steroid use, and 16% ( n = 221) did not want to see the use of anabolic steroids in sports stopped. The findings indicate that adolescent boys, who desired weight gain and currently abstained from anabolic steroid use, might be at risk for becoming users.

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Little Help from Article on Anaboiic Steroids

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.87.1.123a ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 123-124

Author(s):

MIMI D. JOHNSON

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Anabolic Steroid ◽

Clinical Setting ◽

Anabolic Steroids ◽

Male Students ◽

Care Providers ◽

Steroid Use ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

11Th Grade

In Reply.— Thank you for your letter regarding the article, "Anabolic Steroid Use by Male Adolescents," published in the June 1989 issue Pediatrics. I will attempt to address each of your concerns. The intent of the article was: (1) to inform health care providers about the prevalence of use of anabolic steroids in a population of 11th grade male students, (2) to increase provider awareness of the knowledge and some of the beliefs held by steroid users, and (3) to encourage providers to become knowledgeable about these drugs, so that they might be able to offer more appropriate guidance to the teenager in the clinical setting.

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Little Help from Article on Anaboiic Steroids

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.87.1.123 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 123-123

Author(s):

RICK LEVINE

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Side Effects ◽

Anabolic Steroid ◽

Anabolic Steroids ◽

School Teacher ◽

High School Teacher ◽

Steroid Use ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Stunted Growth

To the Editor.— As a high school teacher I have been looking for guidance on preventing the abuse of anabolic steroids by our students. The article "Anabolic Steroid Use by Male Adolescents" by Johnson et al1 not only failed to provide this guidance, but the results failed to support the authors' conclusions. The study shows that, of the teenage users of steroids surveyed, 38% correctly identified liver disease, 35% cancer of the liver, and 30% stunted growth as side effects of steroid use.

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