Abstract
The economic activity of a country is achieved both by domestic activity and by international economic and technical-scientific exchanges. International commercial activity is a necessary one nowadays. This is because there is no state capable of performing an autarchic activity. Regardless of of the technical, scientific, resource, and level of development, any state needs to participate in international economic, technical and scientific exchanges. Through international economic exchanges, the need for resources, means of production, labor resources or goods and services is completed. Also in this economic activity of international exchanges is realized the capitalization of surplus production, goods and services, surplus fixed capital, which is offered for export or as a possibility of cooperation in international projects. Thus, the activity of international exchanges is a necessity for each state. Under the conditions of the European Union, in which Romania is a member, there are a number of facilities and in this respect they are being implemented or are being implemented under the European Directive on trade without borders. In this respect, between the Community countries, in the exchange of goods and services, protection measures such as the import tax are no longer practiced and VAT is no longer charged. The international economic exchanges are a significant role in the final result materialized in the level of gross domestic product achieved in each period of time. The countries that import and do it to supplement domestic needs means that they spend part of the value realized in domestic activity to make imports. The exports are made with surplus goods and services that go to other states. In the European Union there are intra-community economic exchanges, complemented by extra-community international economic relations. The authors have studied this aspect and have found that intra-community economic relations have developed more intensively than non-EU economic relations over the last period. In other respects, states are grouped into two categories, ie states with surplus international economic relations, ie states that export more than imports and the second group, countries with activities in the international deficient relations, which imports more than just exports. Comparison between exports and imports results in net exports that may be a surplus or deficit. Romania has always been a deficit country since 1990 and it has to be analyzed in the sense that, due to the difference in favor of imports, part of the gross domestic product made in Romania diminishes with this deficit. The authors, by analyzing this data, highlight how the activity of international economic exchanges has evolved.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the international exchange of goods and services
