scholarly journals Status of macro- and micro-nutrients in soils of Chamoli district of Uttarakhand

2020 ◽  
pp. 361-366
Author(s):  
SAYANTIKA BHATTACHARYA
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Extractable P

A GPS based soil survey was conducted in nine blocks of Chamoli district of Uttarakhand (n=300) to evaluate the status of extractable macro- and micro-nutrients and to relate them with general soil properties. Soil texture ranged from sandy loam to clay loam, pH from 4.8 to 8.29, electrical conductivity from 0.170 to 5.431 dSm 1 and organic carbon content from 3.14 to 30.72 g kg 1 soil. Among the macro-nutrients, Olsen’s and Bray’s extractable P varied from 1.41 to 47.20 mg kg 1 soil, neutral normal ammonium acetate extractable K content from 24.82 to 269.1 mg kg 1 soil. Exchangeable Ca and Mg content varied from 20 to 1620 mg kg 1 and 12 to 288 mg kg 1 soil, respectively. The content of 0.15% CaCl2 extractable S content varied from 1.23 to 26.64 mg kg 1 soil. The DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn content varied from 0.09 to 15.41, 0.08 to 9.03, 3.13 to 84.22 and 1.93 to 54.96 mg kg 1 soil, respectively. Hot water-soluble B content varied from 0.23 to 2.61 mg kg 1 soil while ammonium oxalate (pH 3.3) extractable Mo content varied from 0.18 to 1.36 mg kg 1 soil. Simple correlation showed that soil pH had a significant and positive correlation with soil extractable P, Ca, S, B and Mo but a negative one with extractable Cu, Fe and Mn. Soil EC had a significant and positive correlation with extractable P, K, Mg, S, Fe, B and Mo. Soil organic carbon had a significant and positive correlation with extractable K. On the basis of calculated nutrient indices (N.I.), the soils of Chamoli district were low in soil extractable S, medium in extractable K and Zn, high in organic carbon content, extractable P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, B and Mo with sporadic cases of Zn, Cu and B deficiency.

Water-soluble organic matter and enzymatic activity of urban soils of Rostov aglomeration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorbov Sergey ◽  
Skripnikov Pavel ◽  
Bezuglova Olga
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soluble Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Forest Park

<div> <p>Soil water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) is the most dynamic and least stable component of humus. It takes a direct part both in leading soil processes and in the formation of effective soil fertility. Its components are involved in the creation of a water-resistant structure, also exhibit physiological activity, and be of service as energy material by microorganisms. The total content of organic matter in the soils of the Rostov agglomeration varies widely: from 1.5 to 7.0%. Long-term studies of soils of the Rostov agglomeration forest-park zones showed that the organic carbon content in these soils increases under tree vegetation. This is due to changes in microclimate conditions and the associated longer period of vegetation of herbaceous vegetation. The WSOM content was obtained by summing the results of cold and hot extraction in natural soils. Its gradually decreases with depth repeating the profile dynamics of the organic carbon content in general. The surface horizons of native chernozems in a forest park and in a virgin land have the highest content of WSOM. It can be concluded that the WSOM pool is directly proportional to the stock of incoming plant residues. The maximum of extracellular enzymes activity was obtained in upper most biogenic soil horizons in the natural city soils. The highest activity was record for the enzyme, which is responsible for the nitrogen cycle (arginine-aminopeptidase (Agr)) and for the phosphorus cycle (acid phosphatase (Pho)). The enzymes activity decreases down the soil profile. </p> </div><div> <p>For anthropogenically transformed soils, the WSOM profile distribution indicates a peculiar two-member structure of soil profile. The transformed upper urbiс horizons was demonstrate the absence of any patterns in its distribution. In the buried horizons of Technosols, were have the same profile trends and the same absolute values of the organic carbon content such us presented in native chernozems. Despite the high humus content in natural soils (5–7%), most of it is strongly associated with calcium ions. As a result, WSOM has values not exceeding 0.14% of the soil as a whole, or 4% in terms of organic carbon. For the urban horizons of anthropogenically transformed soils, WSOM values are not exceeding 0.04% of the soil, or about 2% in terms of organic carbon. The inversions of enzyme activity are often observed in anthropogenically transformed soils. The enzymatic activity is higher in buried humus-accumulative horizons of urbostratozems than in overlying horizons of the urbic. </p> </div>

scholarly journals Characterization and Classification of Soils of Bharuch Taluka in Bharuch District of Gujarat

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Jangir ◽  
◽  
R. P. Sharma ◽  
G. Tiwari ◽  
B. Dash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
High Base

A detailed soil survey was undertaken at 1:10000 scale to describe, characterize, classify and evaluate the soils of Bharuch taluka, Bharuch district, Gujarat. Old and recent basaltic alluvial plains are the major landforms of the area. A total of 74 pedons, representing old (41 pedons) and recent (33 pedons) alluvial plains were studied. The soils were correlated and three soil series viz. Umraj, Derol and Singdot were identified. The Umraj belong to a very fine, smectitic Typic Haplusterts covers 30,839 ha (48.5 %) area, whereas Derol and Singdot a fine, smectitic Vertic Haplustepts and fine, mixed, Typic Haplustepts covers 20,604 ha (32.5 %) and 4,164 ha (6.6 %) area, respectively. The sand, silt and clay in the soils varied from 8 to 31, 24 to 49 and 23 to 67 per cent, respectively. The soils were very deep, neutral to slightly alkaline (pH 7.3 to 8.4) with low to medium in organic carbon content (0.14 to 0.58 %), low to high in calcium carbonate (1.9 to 16.5 %) with medium to high CEC [39.4 to 62.0 cmol (p+) kg-1] and high base saturation (67.4 to 92.0 %). Soils were assessed as highly to moderately suitable for major crops (cotton, pigeonpea, maize, sugarcane, wheat and chickpea).

Soil organic carbon content: decreases partly attributed to dilution by increased depth of cultivation in southern Ontario

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
C.J. Warren ◽  
D.D. Saurette ◽  
A.W. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Ap Horizon ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Concentrations

Soil organic carbon contents and depths of Ap horizons (i.e., cultivated topsoil) from Ontario soil survey reports were reviewed, analyzed, and compared from 1950 to 2019. Organic carbon concentrations have declined from 2.85% to 2.34% in Ap horizons, whereas depths have increased by 40%. Considering the entire Ap horizon depth, we show that soil carbon stocks (kg C·ha−1) may be constant or increasing. Losses of organic carbon due to cultivation should not be discounted; however, dilution of organic carbon within a deeper plow layer may contribute significantly to observed decreases in organic carbon concentrations in topsoil.

Effet à court terme de la mise en culture sur le statut organique et l’agrégation d’un sol ferrallitique argileux du Congo

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Barthès ◽  
E. Kouakoua ◽  
G. H. Sala ◽  
C. Hartmann ◽  
B. Nyeté
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Exchangeable Aluminum ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock

Cultivation of oxisols of the Niari Valley (Congo) leads to considerable decline in the soil organic carbon content and structural stability in a few years. The objective of this study was to estimate the very short-term effects of cultivation on organic status and macroaggregate (> 0.2 mm) stability of a soil which had been under savanna for 20 yr. Another objective was to identify the determinants of macroaggregate stability.On one hand, after 5 mo of manual or mechanized cultivation, stable macroaggregate content MA decreased significantly in the 0- to 10-cm layer (7% on average); soil organic carbon stock S did not (6% on average), whereas the decrease in soil organic carbon content C was significant only under mechanized cultivation (13.5% on average, vs. 7% under manual cultivation). On the other hand, the influence of cultivation on MA, S and C was not significant in the 10- to 20-cm layer (variations < 5%, on average).MA was correlated with exchangeable aluminum content (r = 0.6), though its contribution to stability was low, but was neither with "free" or "amorphous" iron and aluminum contents (r < 0.3), nor with C (r < 0.1); moreover, the influence of hot water-extractable compounds on MA was not significant. Therefore, macroaggregation did not seem to be controlled by organic matter. Key words: Macroaggregate stability, soil organic carbon, oxisol, setting into cultivation, exchangeable aluminum, hot water pretreatment

scholarly journals Soil Organic Carbon Content and Microbial Functional Diversity Were Lower in Monospecific Chinese Hickory Stands than in Natural Chinese Hickory–Broad-Leaved Mixed Forests

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Wu ◽  
Haiping Lin ◽  
Weijun Fu ◽  
Petri Penttinen ◽  
Yongfu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Microbial Functional Diversity ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

To assess the effects of long-term intensive management on soil carbon cycle and microbial functional diversity, we sampled soil in Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) stands managed intensively for 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and in reference Chinese hickory–broad-leaved mixed forest (NMF) stands. We analyzed soil total organic carbon (TOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) contents, applied 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis for structural analysis, and determined microbial carbon source usage. TOC, MBC, and WSOC contents and the MBC to TOC ratios were lower in the intensively managed stands than in the NMF stands. The organic carbon pool in the stands managed intensively for twenty years was more stable, indicating that the easily degraded compounds had been decomposed. Diversity and evenness in carbon source usage by the microbial communities were lower in the stands managed intensively for 15 and 20 years. Based on carbon source usage, the longer the management time, the less similar the samples from the monospecific Chinese hickory stands were with the NMF samples, indicating that the microbial community compositions became more different with increased management time. The results call for changes in the management of the hickory stands to increase the soil carbon content and restore microbial diversity.

Space-time monitoring of soil organic carbon content across a semi-arid region of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e00367
Author(s):  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Matthew J. Pringle ◽  
Thomas F.A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid
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