scholarly journals Innovative Farming and Building Materials from Recycled Plastics

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Andrew Wekesa Nabangala ◽  
Benson Githua Kimani ◽  
Benard Isaac Nyakundi
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Molten Polymers ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Recycled Plastics ◽  
Plastic Containers

Despite the ban on use of plastic paper bags, large amounts of plastic litter still exist in our environment. Plastic bottles form a greater percentage of the litter. The growth of the consumer market for cosmetics and soft drinks which are usually packaged in plastic containers continues to give rise to plastic pollution. To maintain the quality of the environment while achieving sustainable development plastic litter could be viewed as raw and innovative materials for making new items. Plastics can be recycled and made into furniture, ornamental products, and building blocks among others. This paper describes how recycling plastic waste into products of plastic sheets and blocks is conducted for multi-purpose use. The resultant sheets and blocks can be designed to have slots and extensions on the edges such that they allow interlocking the same way concrete interlock blocks work. The sheets and blocks can be used to make furniture, office partitions, and interior design. The sheets for furniture making can be craftily decorated with beads while they are still in molten state to produce ornamental furniture. This can be achieved through arranging beads in molds before introducing the molten polymers into them. The plastic blocks and sheets can also be used to make swimming pools and fish ponds. Heating temperature and oxidation should however be monitored to prevent degradation of the polymers. The resultant products are durable, attractive and affordable.

scholarly journals Architectural Vantage Point to Bioplastics in the Circular Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esen Gökçe Özdamar ◽  
Murat AteÅŸ
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Design Element ◽  
Innovative Materials

In the circular economy, bio-based plastics or bioplastics as emerging innovative materials are increasingly being used in many industries from packaging to building materials and agricultural products to electronic and biomedical devices, there is an increasing research on the evaluation of bioplastics in architecture, both as a material or as a design element in interior design. Therefore, this article is a step towards understanding the importance of bioplastic materials in the circular economies and in architecture, regarding the negative carbon footprint and long-term environmental effects of fossil-based plastics.

Polymer Liquid Crystals and Their Blends: A Hierarchy of Structures

1991 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Brostow ◽  
Michael Hess
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Polymer Liquid ◽  
Phase Structures ◽  
Smectic Phases ◽  
Polymer Liquid Crystals

AbstractHierarchical structures are possible in polymer liquid crystals (PLCs) since each molecule contains at least two kinds of building blocks that are not homeomorphic to each other. We discuss some examples of molecular structures and phase structures of monomer liquid crystals (MLCs) and PLCs: smectic phases formed by interdigitated MLC molecules; PLC molecule classification based on increasing complexity – and its consequences on properties of the materials; and formation and phase structures of LC-rich islands in PLCs and in PLC blends. Some rules pertaining to hierarchical structures are formulated. The knowledge of hierarchies is neccessary – but not sufficient – for intelligent procesing of PLCs and their blends and for achieving properties defined in advance. Computer modelling represents another important element of building materials to order.

scholarly journals Application of headspace for research volatile organic compounds emitted from building materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Beata Kultys ◽  
Karolina Waląg
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Different Temperatures

Headspace technique and gas chromatography method with mas detector has been used for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted from various building and finishing materials, such as sealing foams, mounting strips, paints, varnishes, floor coverings. The tests were carried out for different temperatures (in the temperature range of 60 to 180 °C) and the time of heated vials with tested materials inside. These tests were conducted to verify the possibility of use this method of determination the VOC emission. Interpretation of chromatograms and mass spectra allowed to identify the type of compounds emitted from the tested materials and the optimum time and temperature for each type of material was determined. The increase in heating temperature of the samples resulted in increase the type and number of identified compounds: for four materials the increase was in the whole temperature range, for others it was from 90 °C. On the other hand, emission from mineral wool was low in whole temperature range. 30-minutes heating of the samples was sufficient to identify emitted compounds for most of tested materials. Applying a longer time, i.e. 24 hours, significantly increased the sensitivity of the method.

Vandalising Epic

Ramus ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Malamud
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Local Populations

William Levitan concluded a study of the fourth century poet Optatian with the sentence, ‘The marble bones of Rome itself were chopped for a thousand years to raise the buildings of Europe.’ The theatres, baths and other edifices constructed by the Romans never wholly perished; they served the local populations for centuries as quarries for building materials. The writers of late antiquity treated the Latin literary tradition the same way that later inhabitants treated the ruins of Roman buildings, as a source for appropriate building blocks. The dismemberment of magnificent structures, whether architectural or literary is, to be sure, a kind of vandalism, but perhaps in the post-modern, resource-hungry world of the mid-1990's we can bring ourselves to think of it as something more positive, as an attempt to salvage and recycle valuable material.

Innovative Materials in Interior Design: Organic Light Emitting Textiles (Oleds)

2013 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Mustafa Adil Kasapseçkin ◽  
Damla Altuncu
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Organic Light ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Nylon Fiber ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Textile Sector

Most of us recognize the textile materials fromthe clothing or home textiles that we have used in daily life. As the usageareas of the textile materials are not limited to these, these materials areused in almost everywhere from the diapers to the nylon fiber, from the healthproducts in the hospitals to the architectural covers. Especially most textilematerials used in interior design are directly related to the areas such asdesign, art, technology and architecture. The textile sector which has directrelations with many developing areas develops in parallel to the today’sadvanced technology. Together with this development, due to the competitiveattitudes of the firms and the developed technology, the importance given tothe usage of the innovative materials in the today’s interior spaces hasincreased. One of the innovative materials developed is organic light emittingtextiles (OLED). Due to the light emitting textiles that will ensure us to lookat the textile materials from a new angle in interior design, it is expectedthat the interior design understanding will change. In this article, theorganic light emitting textiles are examined and it is aimed to discuss theirusage areas, advantages and disadvantages in interior design.

scholarly journals Utilization of Pet Wastes Aggregate in Building Construction - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-663
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The rapid increase of plastics waste produced worldwide today poses a danger to human health because of the pollution caused by the unsafe disposal and non-biodegradability of this waste combined with toxic gas emissions during incineration. Globally, PET (polyethylene terephalate) is commonly used for bottling water and other plastic containers. Recycling the waste would be an additional benefit. This study focuses some researchers on the forms, methods of recycling and various literature applications of PET wastes. Recycled PET can of course be used when combined with the sand aggregate to manufacture of various construction materials, such as tiles, bricks, paving stones etc. This research focuses on its application as it attracts substantial building materials such as the manufacture of various PET waste tiles and their unique mechanical , physical and chemical properties; There are some important studies discussed in relation to PET waste, recycling methods , and results from the study. Even various applications are described here. Its usefulness is further defined as roofing Composite concrete, floor tiling and other applications

scholarly journals Interlocking Block Masonry (ISSB) for Sustainable Housing Purposes in Thailand, With Additional Examples From Cambodia and Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bredenoord ◽  
Wutinai Kokkamhaeng ◽  
Pichit Janbunjong ◽  
Ongarj Nualplod ◽  
Suwatchai Thongnoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Facility Construction

This paper is about Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSB) as developed in Thailand. ISSB are seen as an eco-friendly building material for home building and structures such as water tanks and sanitation facilities. For several decades the Thai R&D Institute TISTR has worked on developing and testing ISSB, which in other countries are called compressed stabilized earth blocks or CSEB. The composition of building blocks and the quality of building structures determine together the structural quality of the house or building. If there is a need for earthquake- and storm resistance, the building blocks and the structures must have specific features. Building stacked houses is an important issue given the growing scarcity of land for housing and the increasing land prices. ISSB is not only applied in Thailand, but also in Cambodia for low-cost housing and in Nepal for home reconstruction after the 2015 earthquake. ISSB or CSEB is also applied in other countries as an alternative building material and technology to replace the use of fired bricks and concrete building blocks for housing. Reducing the use of cement in the materials and structures is important for environmental reasons, but in ISSB/CSEB the use of cement as a stabilizer cannot always be avoided. This is surely the case in areas where earthquakes, heavy storms and floods can occur. Although this paper focuses mainly on technical aspects of sustainable housing and construction, there is also a focus on social sustainability, meaning a strong involvement of local communities in the production of sustainable building materials for walls, newly developed construction technologies, and mutual house and facility construction.

scholarly journals Environmental Policy for the Restriction on the Use of Plastic Products in Taiwan: Regulatory Measures, Implementation Status and COVID-19’s Impacts on Plastic Products Recycling

Environments ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Wen-Tien Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
Implementation Status ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Plastic Products

In response to international trends regarding the reduction in plastic waste (or plastic pollution), this work used the official statistics that were recently released, focusing on regulatory actions restricting the use of plastic products and/or the increase in recycling in Taiwan. In addition, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on plastic waste generation and plastic products’ recycling were also addressed in the present study. The results showed that the plastic compositions in the garbage slightly increased in recent years, suggesting that the effect of restrictions on the use of plastic products in Taiwan was not significant, even though the regulatory measures have been implemented since 2002. However, chlorine contents in the garbage were significantly increased in 2020. The increase could be attributed to the fact that kitchen waste (containing salt), household waste containing disinfectant (e.g., chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite) or PVC-made products were generated more during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the data also indicated that the monthly quantities of recycled plastic containers and other plastic products had no significant change since January 2020, especially in the outbreak period from May 2021 to July 2021.

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