scholarly journals Interlocking Block Masonry (ISSB) for Sustainable Housing Purposes in Thailand, With Additional Examples From Cambodia and Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bredenoord ◽  
Wutinai Kokkamhaeng ◽  
Pichit Janbunjong ◽  
Ongarj Nualplod ◽  
Suwatchai Thongnoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Facility Construction

This paper is about Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSB) as developed in Thailand. ISSB are seen as an eco-friendly building material for home building and structures such as water tanks and sanitation facilities. For several decades the Thai R&D Institute TISTR has worked on developing and testing ISSB, which in other countries are called compressed stabilized earth blocks or CSEB. The composition of building blocks and the quality of building structures determine together the structural quality of the house or building. If there is a need for earthquake- and storm resistance, the building blocks and the structures must have specific features. Building stacked houses is an important issue given the growing scarcity of land for housing and the increasing land prices. ISSB is not only applied in Thailand, but also in Cambodia for low-cost housing and in Nepal for home reconstruction after the 2015 earthquake. ISSB or CSEB is also applied in other countries as an alternative building material and technology to replace the use of fired bricks and concrete building blocks for housing. Reducing the use of cement in the materials and structures is important for environmental reasons, but in ISSB/CSEB the use of cement as a stabilizer cannot always be avoided. This is surely the case in areas where earthquakes, heavy storms and floods can occur. Although this paper focuses mainly on technical aspects of sustainable housing and construction, there is also a focus on social sustainability, meaning a strong involvement of local communities in the production of sustainable building materials for walls, newly developed construction technologies, and mutual house and facility construction.

Pemanfaatan Bambu Tabadiku sebagai Agregat Kasar Pada Pengujian Kuat Tekan Beton

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartati Kapita ◽  
Elfira Resti Mulya
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Rock Fragments ◽  
Rate Of Absorption ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Natural Building ◽  
Unconsolidated Rock

The use of bamboo as building materials has occurred for a long period, especially in a simple construction system. Bamboo can be utilized as a building material due to its advantages. One of the advantages is that bamboo has a significantly low density so  it can reduce the density of concrete whose main material is gravel. Gravel is a natural building material is formed from unconsolidated rock fragments, such as rock pieces or small rocks. Gravel is commonly found in Indonesia because there is a lot of availability. This research aims to utilize local bamboo resources as building materials. Bamboo is used as an alternative substitute for gravel aggregate in the concrete mixing. The research method was experimental laboratory work. The results showed that the use of bamboo as an aggregate can only be used in non-structures, this is because the rate  of absorption of bamboo against water is quite high. While the compressive strength of the concrete produced by  mixing 100 % bamboo aggregate has an average value of 3.09 MPa and mixing 50 % of bamboo has an average value of 6.01 MPa. Therefore, the quality of the concrete cannot be used for building structures, but  only be used in non-structural buildings.

Novel Microbial Based Low Energy Green Building Material Production Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 1090 ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Meng Li ◽  
Satoru Kawasaki ◽  
Qiu Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Varenyam Achal
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Present World

The present world cannot be imagined without construction industry. On other hand we are not able to prevent impact of construction on the environment due to usage of its key component that is cement, which plays a greater role in the emission of greenhouse gases. Every tonne of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) that is produced releases on average a similar amount of CO2into the atmosphere, or in total roughly 6% of all man-made carbon emissions. One of the purposes of research should be to lower the amount of cement during construction without compromising the quality of building structure. Microbial metabolic activities often contribute to selective cementation by biomineralization. In the present study, a novel microbial based low energy green building material based on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has been reported that is known as “biocement”. Biocement has enormous potential and usage in building materials and structures with potential to partially replace the cement. The research demonstrates that production of biocement can enhance the durability of building structures in addition to have least impact on the environment.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH GENTENG BETON PADA PAVING BLOCK

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Pratikto Pratikto ◽  
Ginanjar A
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Waste Concrete ◽  
Constituent Material

Paving block merupakan bahan bangunan yang digunakan sebagai pekerasan permukaan jalan, baik jalan untuk keperluan parkir kendaraan ataupun jalan raya, ataupun untuk keperluan dekoratif pada pembuatan taman. Bahan penyusun paving block adalah semen, pasir dan air dengan atau tanpa bahan tambah lainnya. Bahan tambah yang digunakan dapat berupa limbah atau sisa bahan bangunan yang tidak terpakai. Penggunaan limbah bertujuan untuk mendapatkan mutu paving block sesuai standard dan memanfaatkan limbah secara optimal. Limbah genteng beton banyak ditemukan di sekitar bangunan bertingkat yang sudah lama dan khususnya kampus Politeknik Negeri Jakarta.Limbah ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pembentuk paving block sebagai substitusi agregat kasar. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan perbandingan semen dan pasir adalah 1 : 3 dengan presentase limbah genteng beton sebesar 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40%. Nilai fas yang digunakan adalah 0,35. Hasil pengujian nilai kuat tekan yang ditinjau pada hari ke 7 pada presentase 0% sebesar 52,59 Mpa, presentase 10% sebesar 44,949 Mpa, presentase 20% sebesar 40,942 Mpa, presentase 30% sebesar 40,685 Mpa dikategorikan mutu A, sedangkan presentase 40% sebesar 26 MPa dikategorikan mutu B.Kata kunci: paving block, Limbah genteng beton, agregat kasar Paving block is a material that is used as a road surface hardening, either for vehicle parking , highways, or for decorative purposes in gardening. The constituent material of paving blocks are cement, sand and water with or without other added material. The added material used can be in the form of waste or residual unused building materials. The use of waste building material of concrete tile aims to get the quality of paving blocks according to standards and utilize waste optimally. Waste concrete roof tiles can be found around many high-rise building constructions and especially Jakarta State Polytechnic campus.This waste can be used as a paving block as a rough aggregate substitute. In this study the ratio of cement and sand was 1: 3 with a percentage of concrete tile waste of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The fas value used is 0.35. The testing results of compressive strength which is reviewed on day 7 at a percentage of 0% of 52.59 MPa, 10% of 44.949 MPa, 20% of 40.942 MPa, 30% of 40.658 MPa are categorized as grade A, while at a percentage of 40% the compressive strength is 26 MPa which is categorized as grade B.Keywords: paving block , waste concrete tile, coarse aggregate

scholarly journals An Easily Integrable Industrial System for Gamma Spectroscopic Analysis and Traceability of Stones and Building Materials

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Marco Marini ◽  
Silvia Panicacci ◽  
Massimiliano Donati ◽  
Luca Fanucci ◽  
Erica Fanchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
World Market ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Radiological Measurements ◽  
Set Up

In the building material and stones market, lots of restrictions are coming in different world zones. In Europe, a recent regulatory set up the maximum level of radiological emissions for materials intended for use in public and private building structures. For this reason, companies need to have a very efficient radiological measurements system in their production chain, in order to respect all the rules and to be competitive in the world market. This article describes CORSAIR, a Cloud-Oriented Measurement System for Radiological Investigation and Traceability of Stones. Our cyber-physical system consists of sensing nodes network connected to a data collection gateway through LoRaWAN protocol, and interfaces with a centralized cloud application. CORSAIR introduces a fast, repeatable, real-time and non-destructive method to measure radiological emissions and other parameters of each single building material item, uniquely identified by an applied RFID tag. The validity of this system is confirmed by in-situ measurement campaign compared with high-precision laboratory analysis. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the CORSAIR sensor and the possibility to easily integrate it in the company production chain without any change.

scholarly journals Detection of Limestone Quarries in Jordan Through Remote Sensing Data to Achieve Sustainable Utilization in Vernacular Architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-674
Author(s):  
Mohannad Tarrad ◽  
Majed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Natural Stone ◽  
Current Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

All human societies seek stability and use of place and material in order to create architectural buildings. One of the most important materials that man used as a building material was natural stone, and in Jordan stone has a special architectural value, as Jordanian architects used it to form a unique architectural style, especially in the capital, Amman. But at the end of the last century and the beginning of the current century, alternative manufactured building materials appeared, and architects began using them for many reasons, including the lack of quality of natural stone and its defects, which resulted in deformation of the architectural facades. The research used remote sensing techniques to know the properties and quality of the stone. This research used the descriptive approach in studying the history of architecture in Jordan and its relationship to limestone, and relied on the analytical survey by obtaining data from satellite images, where they were analyzed and the properties of the stone in the ground were shown. This research aims to preserve the use of natural stone in construction as a building material that has characteristics in sustainability.

scholarly journals Creating new technically stable building structures from composite materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Tatiana P. Kasharina
Keyword(s):  
Composite Nanomaterials ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Facility Construction ◽  
External Loads

This article discusses the creation of sustainable “viable” structure and facility construction from composite nanomaterials that have the properties of preserving original forms and recovering when internal and external loads are applied to them. The necessary requirements for the manufacture and operation of the composite nanomaterials are also presented. Modern design and construction in a cramped urban environment, the creation of territorial planning for a “vial” sustainable complex implies a paradigm of attitude towards nature, which introduces a system of new problems that were not always considered in the past: the quality of the environment; conservation of resources; social equity; control over emissions of pollutants; health of the population, etc. All of this requires a deliberate development of public consciousness and new ideas, which is emphasized by.

scholarly journals Repair and retrofitting of buildings post earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05023
Author(s):  
Zaidir
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Soft Story ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Earthquake Load ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Damage Types ◽  
Foundation Failure

This paper discusses the damage types, repair methods and retrofitting of buildings post an earthquake. Data were taken by conducting surveys and assessment of buildings directly, both engineered and non-engineered buildings affected by the West Sumatra earthquake in 2009. Some causes of damage, among them is the detailing of reinforcement that do not follow the existing standard, soft-story effect, foundation failure, low material quality and does not meet the requirements, design and implementation of the construction do not follow the rules and technical provisions of the building earthquake resistant. Improvement and buildings retrofitting can be done after the buildings damage types or its components/parts and the quality of the building materials used were known. The structural analysis was done in order to know the cause of the building elements damaged and if the results of analysis with the latest regulations earthquake load, the building structures is able to withstand the earthquake loads and a repair is not required, but if not, the retrofitting is required.

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