scholarly journals An Experimental Study on the Performance of Calcium Carbonate Extracted from Eggshells as Weighting Agent in Drilling Fluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3859-3862 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Iqbal ◽  
M. Zubair ◽  
F. Pirzada ◽  
F. N. Abro ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Drilling Cost ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
The Cost

Drilling mud density is an important factor in drilling operations. The cost of the drilling mud used for oil and gas well drilling can be 10%-15% of the total drilling cost, and the deeper the well, the more the needed drilling mud. This research aims to prepare a mud that provides performance similar to the conventional mud and to lower down the dependency of primitive CaCO3 technology by exploring it from trash/polluted and naturally occurring materials. For that purpose, a mud was prepared by replacing primeval CaCO3 with the CaCO3 derived from eggshells, as eggshells contain CaCO3 in high amounts which range from 70% to 95%. The success of this project will provide an affordable solution and an alternative way to explore new methodologies for obtaining CaCO3. According to the 2017 Report of Pakistan Poultry Association (PPA) 18,000 Million table eggs are consumed per year in Pakistan. The obtained results of this research are quite satisfactory. CaCO3 obtained from eggshells is used in high amounts, 275–410g to achieve density ranges from 9.5 to 11.0 pounds per gallon whereas, pure the needed quantity of pure CaCO3 is 150g to obtain the density of 10.5 pounds per gallon. Apart from this, it is also observed that eggshell based CaCO3 samples are more efficient in rheological properties compared to the market samples of CaCO3 t. The pH of pure CaCO3 sample of 10.5 pounds per gallon density is almost the same with the sample of eggshell CaCO3 of 10.5 pounds per gallon density.

scholarly journals Gel Pills for Downhole Pressure Control during Oil and Gas Well Drilling

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6318
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Khalifeh ◽  
Larisa Penkala ◽  
Arild Saasen ◽  
Bodil Aase ◽  
Tor Henry Omland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Static Condition ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Geothermal Wells ◽  
Mitigation Action

During drilling of petroleum or geothermal wells, unforeseen circumstances occasionally happen that require suspension of the operation. When the drilling fluid is left in a static condition, solid material like barite may settle out of the fluid. Consequently, the induced hydrostatic pressure that the fluid exerts onto the formation will be reduced, possibly leading to collapse of the borehole or influx of liquid or gas. A possible mitigation action is placement of a gel pill. This gel pill should preferably be able to let settled barite rest on top of it and still transmit the hydrostatic pressure to the well bottom. A bentonite-based gel pill is developed, preventing flow of higher density drilling fluid placed above it to bypass the gel pill. Its rheological behavior was characterized prior to functional testing. The designed gel pill develops sufficient gel structure to accommodate the settled barite. The performance of the gel was tested at vertical and 40° inclination from vertical. Both conventional settling and the Boycott effect were observed. The gel pill provided its intended functionality while barite was settling out of the drilling fluid on top of this gel pill. The barite was then resting on top of the gel pill. It is demonstrated that a purely viscous pill should not be used for separating a high density fluid from a lighter fluid underneath. However, a bentonite or laponite gel pill can be placed into a well for temporary prevention of such intermixing.

APPLICATION OF MUD ANALYSIS LOGGING

Geophysics ◽  
1945 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Robert E. Souther
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Drilling Speed ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Rate Of Penetration ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Drilling Operations

The mud analysis logging system, now widely used for exploratory and routine drilling, continuously analyzes and records the oil and gas content of mud returns from wells being drilled by the rotary method. Oil or gas detected in the returning drilling fluid indicates oil or gas in the formation penetrated by the bit. Results of the continuous analyses are instrumentally correlated to the depths and formations from which the showings originated. A second useful phase of the system plots accurately and in detail rate of penetration or drilling speed on the log as a function of depth. Trucks and trailers provide a mobile housing for all of the mud analysis equipment so that it may be moved rapidly from well to well. Applications of the method may be divided into two classes: 1. Routine drilling in proved areas where it eliminates unnecessary coring, and locates gas caps and completion zones. 2. Exploratory drilling in which it minimizes coring by indicating for testing purposes porous zones containing oil and/or gas. Mud analysis logging can be practiced in areas where the electrical log cannot be used due to high salt content or other local conditions, where dangerous hole conditions make interruption of drilling operations for coring inadvisable, and for evaluating gas zones where cores are difficult to interpret. In addition, each mud analysis logging unit contains equipment to obtain information useful in eliminating washouts, in predicting and preventing blowouts, and in controlling drilling mud characteristics.

scholarly journals Oil and gas well drilling technology based on the system approaches and the results of application

2021 ◽  
Vol 1064 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
R R Gazizov ◽  
A P Chizhov ◽  
V E Andreev ◽  
A V Chibisov ◽  
V V Mukhametshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
System Approaches

Pipe stick problems of deep well drilling

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Rövşən Azər oğlu İsmayılov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Fluid Circulation ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
Pressure Pipe ◽  
Bottomhole Pressure

The aricle is about the pipe stick problems of deep well drilling. Pipe stick problem is one of the drilling problems. There are two types of pipe stick problems exist. One of them is differential pressure pipe sticking. Another one of them is mechanical pipe sticking. There are a lot of reasons for pipe stick problems. Indigators of differential pressure sticking are increase in torque and drug forces, inability to reciprocate drill string and uninterrupted drilling fluid circulation. Key words: pipe stick, mecanical pipe stick,difference of pressure, drill pipe, drilling mud, bottomhole pressure, formation pressure

Comparative Analysis of the Rheological Behaviour of Irvingia Gabonensis Ogbono and Foreign Polymer for Bentonite Formulated Mud.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ayodele ◽  
David Ekuma ◽  
Ikechukwu Okafor ◽  
Innocent Nweze
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

Abstract Drilling fluid are complex fluids consisting of several additives. These additives are added to enhance and control the rheological properties (such as viscosity, gel strength and yield point) of the mud. These properties are controlled for effective drilling of a well. This research work is focused on determining the rheological behavior of drilling mud using industry-based polymer and Irvingia Gabonensis (ogbono) as viscosifiers. Water based muds were formulated from the aforementioned locally sourced viscosifier and that of the conventional used viscosifier (Carboxylmetyl cellulose, CMC). Laboratory tests were carried out on the different muds formulated and their rheological properties (such as yield stress, shear stress, plastic viscosity and shear rate) are evaluated. The concentration of the viscosifiers were varied. The expected outcome of the research work aims at lowering the total drilling cost by reducing the importation of foreign polymer which promotes the development of local content in the oil and gas industry. The research compares the rheology of mud samples and the effect of varying the concentration (2g, 4g, 6g, 8g, and 10g) of both CMC and Ogbono and determining the changes in their rheological properties. The total volume of each mud sample is equivalent to 350ml which represent one barrel (42gal) in the lab. From the result, at concentration of 2g, the ogbono mud has a better rheology than the CMC mud, but at a concentration above 2g, CMC mud shows a better rheology than ogbono mud, that is, as the concentration of CMC is increased, the rheological properties of the mud increased while as the concentration of ogbono is increased the rheological properties decreased. The viscosity of the drilling fluid produced from the ogbono were lower than that of CMC, it could be used together with another local product such as cassava starch, offor or to further improve the rheology and then be a substitute to the conventional viscosifiers.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Foam Drilling Hydraulics

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan Baris ◽  
Luis Ayala ◽  
W. Watson Robert
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Pressure Profiles ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Bit Life ◽  
Foam Drilling

The use of foam as a drilling fluid was developed to meet a special set of conditions under which other common drilling fluids had failed. Foam drilling is defined as the process of making boreholes by utilizing foam as the circulating fluid. When compared with conventional drilling, underbalanced or foam drilling has several advantages. These advantages include: avoidance of lost circulation problems, minimizing damage to pay zones, higher penetration rates and bit life. Foams are usually characterized by the quality, the ratio of the volume of gas, and the total foam volume. Obtaining dependable pressure profiles for aerated (gasified) fluids and foam is more difficult than for single phase fluids, since in the former ones the drilling mud contains a gas phase that is entrained within the fluid system. The primary goal of this study is to expand the knowledge-base of the hydrodynamic phenomena that occur in a foam drilling operation. In order to gain a better understanding of foam drilling operations, a hydrodynamic model is developed and run at different operating conditions. For this purpose, the flow of foam through the drilling system is modeled by invoking the basic principles of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics. The model was designed to allow gas and liquid flow at desired volumetric flow rates through the drillstring and annulus. Parametric studies are conducted in order to identify the most influential variables in the hydrodynamic modeling of foam flow. 

Infill Depleted Gas Well Cementing Challenges for Offshore Myanmar Drilling Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajita Ang C K Ang ◽  
Avinash A Kumar Kumar ◽  
Syazwan B A Ghani Ghani ◽  
Nann N N Maung Nann ◽  
M Hanif Yusof Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Production ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Depletion Rate ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Remedial Work

Abstract Infill well drilling was planned and executed to increase production in a significantly depleted field. A total of 3 infill wells were drilled in 2 different layers of reservoir for an offshore operator in Myanmar. In the offset wells, water production had become significantly higher throughout. Previously all offset wells in this field were completed with open hole sand screens was chosen to isolate the water bearing sand in the sand reservoir below. Pore pressure prognosis were calculated from offset well depletion rate. Reservoir formation properties is assumed to be same throughout the field. The first well was drilled and was found that there were two gas water contacts through the 3 targeted sand layers. The gas water contact and WUT (Water Up To) in this well were unexpected and it was prognosed that these gas water contact are there due to compartmentalization. The 7" liner were set and cemented throughout these reservoirs. The cement job went as per the plan and there were no losses recorded during cementing. However, initial cement log did not show isolation. 2 more runs of cement log were performed 6 days and 10 days later while conducting intervention activities on other wells. All three cement log came to the same conclusion, showing no isolation throughout the annulus of the 7" production liner. Significant amount of gas had percolated into the annulus over time. Despite no evidence of poor cement slurry design observed during running various sensitivity studies and post-job lab tests final cement log, which was conducted under pressure and confirmed no hydraulic isolation. A cement remedial job was planned and an investigation was conducted to identify the plausible root causes. This paper explains on the root causes of poor cement presence in the annulus, and the remedial work that took place to rectify the issue.

Heat Moisture Modified Rice Flours as Additive in Drilling Fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Bunyami Shafie ◽  
Lee Huei Hong ◽  
Phene Neoh Pei Nee ◽  
Fatin Hana Naning ◽  
Tze Jin Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Fluid Mixture ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Rice Flours

Drilling mud is a dense, viscous fluid mixture used in oil and gas drilling operations to bring rock cuttings to the earth's surface from the boreholes as well as to lubricate and cool the drill bit. Water-based mud is commonly used due to its relatively inexpensive and easy to dispose of. However, several components and additives in the muds become increasingly cautious and restricted. Starch was introduced as a safe and biodegradable additive into the water-based drilling fluid, in line with an environmental health concern. In this study, the suitability of four local rice flours and their heat moistures derivatives to be incorporated in the formulation of water-based drilling fluid was investigated. They were selected due to their natural amylose contents (waxy, low, intermediate, and high). They were also heat moisture treated to increase their amylose contents. Results showed that the addition of the rice flours into water-based mud significantly reduced the density, viscosity, and filtrate volume. However, the gel strength of the mud was increased. The rice flours, either native or heat moisture treated, could serve as additives to provide a variety of low cost and environmentally friendly drilling fluids to be incorporated and fitted into different drilling activity.

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