Gambaran Tingkat Kontrol Asma Pada Pasien Asma: Literature Review

AbstractAsthma is an inflammation of the respiratory tract characterized by shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. A person with asthma will experience a descreace in physical condition, emotional changes, and changes inactivity. Based on previous research, the number of uncontrolled asthma patients in Persahabatan Hospital is still large. Asthma cannot be cured, but it can be observed using the asthma control test (ACT) to keep asthma under control in the long term. The purpose of this literature review was to describe the level of asthma control in asthmatic patients. The data collection technique used a literature review method of six articels sourced from online databeses with electronic searches on Garuda and Pubmed. The searching process used key words : “ tingkatkontrol” and “ pasienasma”. The English articles that were searched used key word : “ level of control” AND “asthma patients”. The research instrument used was the JBI critical appraisal checklist for cross-sectional.The results of a literature review of six articels showed that the describption of the level of asthma control was mostly uncontrolled. From this literature review, the results obtained were 71 (9,8%) controlled, 234 (32,19%) partially controlled, and 422 (58%) uncontrolled.The results of this literature review show that the level of asthma control in asthmatic patients is not controlled.Keywords : level of control, asthma patients AbstrakAsma merupakan gangguan pada saluran pernafasan yang mengalami inflamasi ditandai dengan sesak nafas, batuk dan mengi. Seseorang dengan asma akan mengalami penurunan kondi sifisik, perubahan emosional, dan perubahan aktivitas. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya jumlah pasienasma yang tidak terkontrol di rumah sakit persahabatan masih banyak. Asma tidak dapat disembuhkan, tetapi dapat di observasi menggunakan Asthma Control Test (ACT) untuk mempertahankan asma dalam keadaan terkontrol dalam jangka panjang. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat control asma pada pasienasma.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode literature reviewe nama artikel yang bersumber dari data base online dengan penelusuran elektronik pada Garuda dan Pubmed. Pencarian artikel dengan menggunakan kata kunci : “tingkat kontrol” dan “pasien asma”, sedangkan artikel berbahasa inggris menggunakan kata kunci : “level of control” AND “patients asthma”. Instrumen telaah yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan JBI critical appraisal checklist for cross-sectional. Hasil literature review dari enam artikel didapatkan bahwa gambaran tingkat control asma Sebagian besar tidak terkontrol. Dari literatuyre review ini diperoleh hasil sebanyak 71(9,8%) terkontrol, 234 (32,19%) terkontrol sebagian dan 422 (58%) tidak terkontrol. Hasil penelitian literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat control asma pada pasien asma adalah tidak terkontrol. Kata kunci: tingkat kontrol, pasien asma

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Role of a Community Pharmacy Service in Care of Bronchial Asthma Patients in Lithuania

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2018/6060581 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arturas Nastaravičius ◽

Kristina Ramanauskienė

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Pharmacy Service ◽

Control Test ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Community Pharmacy Service ◽

Asthma Patients

Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, and its care is often complex. In this research, we tested the proposal that participation of pharmacists in the management of bronchial asthma can improve patient outcomes. A two-stage study was constructed consisting of a training element and a service element, using the Asthma Control Test and a structured questionnaire about the patients’ disease condition (based on the results of a qualitative study). The study was conducted in 21 pharmacies in Lithuania and involved 338 asthmatic patients (age 18–88 years). It was found that before the pharmacy service was provided, the average number of mistakes patients made in administration of asthma medications was 2.03; this number decreased to 1.12 after the service was provided (p<0.05). Disease control paralleled the improvement in number of mistakes: 26.1% of patients who previously exerted no control over the disease symptoms began to exert sufficient control over their asthma symptoms (Asthma Control Test >20) after the service was provided (p<0.05). The reduced number of mistakes probably can be attributed to the positive effects of the provided services. By reducing the number of patient mistakes, pharmacists may improve the outcomes of asthmatic patients.

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Correlation of Metered Dose Inhaler Use Technique and Asthma Control Level in Asthma Patients at a Hospital in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 221-230

Author(s):

Widyastiwi Widyastiwi ◽

Mohammad Roseno ◽

Tsania Nurilsyam ◽

Inne Farida Lhaksmiwati

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Control Level ◽

Dose Inhaler ◽

Control Test ◽

Metered Dose Inhaler ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Metered Dose

Background: Asthma is still a major health problem in global population, including Indonesia. Antiasthma drugs available in various dosage forms, including inhaler. However, several problems related to inhalation route were found due to its unique device form and spesific use technique. One of the major problems related to inhalation route is inappropriate use technique of inhaler device, which could lead to treatment failure. Therapy outcome can be measured through Asthma Control Test (ACT). Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate correlation between metered dose inhaler (MDI) use technique and asthma control level in patients. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in May - June 2021. Thirty patients who met inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Patients’ MDI use technique and asthma control level were evaluated using a valid and standardized questionnaire. Statistics analysis was performed to determine the correlation between MDI use technique and asthma control level. Results: This study showed that most of asthmatic patients were women in older age, with mild asthma severity for more than 10 years. The most prevalent medication used was Fenoterol HBr, followed by salbutamol, and salmeterol/fluticasone combination. Inappropriate MDI use was found in 70,0% patients, with major problem found in patients’ breathing technique before and during MDI use. Asthma control test was performed and showed that 90,0% of asthmatic patients involved in this study have an uncontrolled asthma. Statistical analysis using Pearson product-moment correlation test showed a positive correlation between proper use of MDI and asthma control level (r=0.425, p<0.05). Conclusions: Patient who properly use MDI may have a higher score in asthma control test, thus have a better control of asthma. This study emphasized pharmacist role as patient educator in ensuring appropriate inhaler use in order to achieve therapeutic goals.

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Assessment of quality of life in asthma patients in 5 to 18 years of children

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20204549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 2214

Author(s):

Nikhil Jain ◽

Karan Joshi

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Persistent Asthma ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Asthma Patients ◽

Severity Of The Disease

Background: Asthma is a common cause of morbidity and mortality with prevalence of 300 million in world. The QOL of asthmatic patients cannot be determined only on the basis the severity of the disease, but requires a measurement of personal perception. This study was conducted with the aim to assess and compare the QOL using PedsQl scale in asthma patients between 5 to 18 years of age with different demographic and clinical variables.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at respiratory clinic in tertiary hospital, Rewa from October 2017 to June 2019. A total number of 150 asthmatic patients and their parents participated. Asthmatic patients (N=150) and their parents, presenting to asthma clinic of Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Rewa (after applying inclusion-exclusion criteria) were assessed for QOL using PedsQl scale 3.0. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 20. Test of significance by student T-test and one way ANOVA.Results: The QOL is severely hampered by asthma with mean of 59 in intermittent asthma, 51 in mild, 44.74 in moderate and 40 in severe persistent asthma, significant p value of <0.05. Younger age, level of asthma control and severity were significantly related to QOL with p value of <0.05. Sex, socioeconomic status, were insignificantly related.Conclusions: QOL is impaired as the grading of asthma increases. Impairment of Quality of life are mostly associated with low level of asthma control, poly-therapy and frequent night attacks.

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Does the asthma control test reflect inflammation?

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.4081/mrm.2011.448 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Margherita Neri

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Provocation Test ◽

Control Test ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Bronchial Provocation Test ◽

Nitric Oxide Level ◽

The Relationship ◽

Bronchial Provocation

The present issue of Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine includes a paper by Bora et al. [1] investigating the relationship between the asthma control test (ACT) and airway inflammation. In a group of stable asthmatic patients admitted to a pulmonary outpatient clinic, the authors carried out the ACT, pulmonary function tests, methacholine bronchial provocation test (MBPT), fractional exhaled nitric oxide level (FeNO), and induced sputum test. [...]

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Assessment of disease control in patients with asthma

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina45120121 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 943 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guoda Pilkauskaitė ◽

Kęstutis Malakauskas ◽

Raimundas Sakalauskas

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Control Level ◽

Asthma Management ◽

Control Test ◽

Uncontrolled Asthma ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Inhaled Steroids ◽

Asthma Patients ◽

Β2 Agonists

International guidelines indicate that the main criterion of asthma management is asthma control level. The aim of this study was to assess asthma control and its relation with age, gender, and lung function. Material and methods. A total of 106 family physicians and 13 pulmonologists and allergists took part in this study. Each doctor had selected 10–15 asthma patients and had sent invitations to them by post. On the visit day, the patients themselves filled in the Asthma Control Test. The doctors interviewed the patients and filled in a special questionnaire. Pulmonologists and allergists also assessed lung function by performing spirometry. According to the results of the Asthma Control Test, the disease control level was indicated as “totally controlled” (25 points), “well controlled” (24–20 points), and “uncontrolled” (19 points or less). Results. A total of 876 asthma patients were examined. Uncontrolled asthma was diagnosed to 56.2% of the patients, 36.5% of patients had well controlled and 7.3% totally controlled asthma. There was no significant difference in asthma control level comparing men and women. A correlation between asthma control level and age was found revealing poorer asthma control in older patients. Ninety-five percent of patients were treated with inhaled steroids; most of them had used inhaled steroids in combination with long-acting β2 agonists. It was found that lung function correlated with clinical symptoms of asthma, the demand of shortacting β2 agonists, and asthma control level. Conclusion. The study showed that uncontrolled asthma was diagnosed to more than half of the patients, despite most of them used inhaled steroids. Asthma control was worsening with the age of patients with asthma and it correlated with lung function. We suggest that periodical assessment of asthma control should help to optimize asthma management.

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Cross-sectional study assessing the performance of the Arabic translated childhood asthma control test

npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.1038/s41533-018-0109-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Majid AlTeneiji ◽

Alia AlKalbani ◽

Huda Nasser ◽

Durdana Iram ◽

Afaf Alblooshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Cross Sectional

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Hubungan Kadar Periostin Serum dan Nilai Asthma Control Test pada Pasien Asma di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya

Jurnal Respirasi ◽

10.20473/jr.v4-i.2.2018.33-37 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Ni Made Dwita Yaniswari ◽

Muhammad Amin

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Matrix Protein ◽

Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Test ◽

Uncontrolled Asthma ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Act Score ◽

Serum Periostin

Background: Asthma is a heterogenous disease composed of various phenotype. Chronic airway inflammation are fundamental features of asthma. The main treatment of asthma is corticosteroid. The administration of inhaled corticosteroids will reduce the inflammatory process in asthma. Even with adequate inhaled corticosteroid treatment, there are still patients who develop symptoms with lower asthma control test score. Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein as the best single systemic biomarker for assessing tissue eosinophilia, airway remodeling in uncontrolled asthma. The objective of this study was to examine whether serum periostin is correlated with ACT in asthmatic patients. Methods: This research was an observational analytical with cross sectional design conducted in outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya for 3 months. In total, we found 40 asthmatic patients who were qualified to the inclusion and exclusion criteria as the research samples. The questionnaire was filled in to assess the Asthma Control Test and venous blood tests to measure serum periostin levels using Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: The mean periostin level profile of the sample was 94.82 ± 19.21 ng/ml and the median was 94.7 ng/ml. The average ACT score was 16.55 ± 2.93 with 85% were uncontrolled asthma. The results of the independent t-test showed serum periostin levels and the level of asthma control based on ACT score in asthmatics patients had a significant correlation (p = 0.024). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between serum periostin levels and ACT score in asthmatic patients.

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