scholarly journals Soil compaction response to wheel traffic in the Rolling Pampas region of Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Enrique Ernesto Contessotto ◽  
Guido Fernando Botta ◽  
Marcos Esteban Angelini ◽  
Fernando Bienvenido ◽  
David Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Pampas Region ◽  
Subsoil Compaction ◽  
Cone Index

The present work shows the effects of the different agricultural wheels traffic on the soil physical properties on a Typic Argiudoll soil worked under no-tillage cropping system. Soil compaction produced by traffic was quantified through these parameters: a) cone index, b) rut depth and c) soil water content at the traffic moment. Grain chaser, sprayer, harvester combine and tractor equipped with commonly used wheels in the study area were tested. The main results obtained showed that the tyres with the highest inflation pressure and tyre ground pressures produced the highest values of cone index and rut depth. Typic Argiudoll soil worked under continuous no-tillage cropping system is not able to constrain topsoil and subsoil compaction when it is wheeled by tyre with ground pressures greater than 77.6 kPa. Highlights Soil compaction causes a reduction in root growth and yield in many crops. Soil under a no-tillage system does not limit topsoil and subsoil compaction when wheeled by tyres with ground pressures greater than 77.6 kPa When the machinery load increases on soils with high bearing capacity (soils under a long-term no-tillage system), the subsoil compaction problems increase.

Liming demand and plant growth improvements for an Oxisol under long-term no-till cropping

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 1093-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. A. CARMEIS FILHO ◽  
C. A. C. CRUSCIOL ◽  
A. M. CASTILHOS
Keyword(s):  
Root Length Density ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
No Till ◽  
Rotation Scheme ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Tillage System

SUMMARYThe adequate management of soil acidity has long been a challenge in no-till (NT) cropping systems. Some studies conducted in sub-tropical conditions have demonstrated the feasibility of surface liming. However, for tropical regions with dry winters, little long-term information about adequate rates and frequencies of application is available. A 12-year field trial was performed under a tropical no-tillage system with an annual crop rotation scheme. The treatments were composed of four lime rates (0, 1000, 2000 and 4000 kg/ha), estimated via the base saturation (BS) method. Surface application of lime was found to be an effective method for improving the soil fertility profile under this long-term NT cropping system. All three acidity components (pH, hydrogen + aluminium (H + Al), exchangeable Al) and some fertility attributes (phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, and BS) were adjusted to a linear function, and better soil chemical conditions were obtained in the 4000 kg/ha treatment, even 4 years after the final application. Due to soil chemical changes, the root length density of wheat and common bean was greater at depths <0·20 m, which led to a higher grain yield, even under unfavourable weather conditions. The results indicate that the application of lime at higher rates can be an acceptable criterion for a tropical Oxisol under a no-tillage system, reducing the frequency of lime application.

scholarly journals Geostatistical analysis of crop yield maps in a long term no tillage system

Bragantia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Guedes Filho ◽  
Sidney Rosa Vieira ◽  
Marcio Koiti Chiba ◽  
Célia Regina Grego
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spherical Model ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Tillage System

It is known, for a long time, that crop yields are not uniform at the field. In some places, it is possible to distinguish sites with both low and high yields even within the same area. This work aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of some crop yields and to identify potential zones for site specific management in an area under no-tillage system for 23 years. Data were analyzed from a 3.42 ha long term experimental area at the Centro Experimental Central of the Instituto Agronômico, located in Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The crop yield data evaluated included the following crops: soybean, maize, lablab and triticale, and all of them were cultivated since 1985 and sampled at a regular grid of 302 points. Data were normalized and analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistical tools in order to demonstrate and describe the structure of the spatial variability. All crop yields showed high variability. All of them also showed spatial dependence and were fitted to the spherical model, except for the yield of the maize in 1999 productivity which was fitted to the exponential model. The north part of the area presented repeated high values of productivity in some years. There was a positive cross correlation amongst the productivity values, especially for the maize crops.

Impact of Long-Term No-Tillage and Cropping System Management on Soil Organic Carbon in an Oxisol: A Model for Sustainability

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1787-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademir Calegari ◽  
W. L. Hargrove ◽  
Danilo Dos Santos Rheinheimer ◽  
Ricardo Ralisch ◽  
Daniel Tessier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
System Management ◽  
No Tillage

Long-Term Effects of Three Tillage Systems on Peanut Grade, Yield, and Stem Rot Development1

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Grichar
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Grade Yield

Abstract Field studies were conducted from 1987 to 1996 to evaluate the effects of long-term no-tillage, reduced-tillage, or full-tillage systems on peanut grade, yield, and stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) disease development. In 3 of 10 yr the full-tillage system outyielded the no-tillage system while the reduced tillage system resulted in yield increase over no-tillage systems in 2 yr. Reduced-tillage plots had a higher incidence of stem rot than full-or no-tillage in 4 of 10 yr. In 3 of 10 yr, peanut grade (% TSMK) was lower in no-tillage than full-tillage plots. The reduced tillage system has shown promise for use in Texas for peanut. However, no-tillage peanut systems have never produced yield and quality comparable to full-tillage systems.

scholarly journals Soil compaction and cover with black oat on soybean grain yield in lowland under no-tillage system

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amauri Nelson Beutler ◽  
Alison Machado Fontinelli ◽  
Lucas Santos da Silva ◽  
Leandro Galon ◽  
Matheus Martins Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Surface Residue ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Oat Straw ◽  
Winter Fallow

ABSTRACT: Brazil is the largest exporter and second largest producer of soybean grains. Most of this production is from plants grown under no-tillage system (NT). This research evaluated the effect of soil compaction, and different amounts of black oat residues on the soil surface on soybean growth and grain yield in lowland under NT. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and four replications, in the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 crop seasons. The treatments consisted of: 1) winter fallow without soil compaction (WF); 2) winter fallow with soil compaction (WF-C); 3) black oats and complete removal of surface residues, with soil compaction (0R-C); 4) black oats and removal half of surface residues, with soil compaction (0.5R-C); 5) black oats without surface residue removal, with soil compaction (1R-C); 6) black oats without surface residue removal, plus the residues from treatment 3, with soil compaction (2R-C); 7) black oats without surface residue removal, without soil compaction (1R). When the soybean plants were at the phenological stage R2, they were evaluated nodule, root and shoot dry matter, nitrogen contents, plant height, and grain yield. The soil physical properties were evaluated in the 0.0-0.05, 0.10-0.15 and 0.20-0.25 m layers. The soybean aerial dry matter is > 38% in non-compacted soil in year with soil water excess, regardless of the amount of surface oat straw. In year with small water deficit, soil with more surface oat straw produced > 5% shoot dry matter and > 4% of soybean grain, regardless of compaction. The plant growth and grain yield soybean in lowland varied according to the water conditions, and were affected by soil compaction and amounts of black oats residues on soil surface.

PERÍODOS DE DESSECAÇÃO DO CAPIM RUZIZIENSIS E SEUS EFEITOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO MILHO

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
ANA PAULA SILVA ◽  
MARILUCE PASCOINA NEPOMUCENO ◽  
ANDREISA FLORES BRAGA ◽  
PEDRO LUÍS DA COSTA AGUIAR ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Maize Plants

RESUMO – Considerando que há relatos de possível intoxicação de milho por causa da dessecação de capim braquiária, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o melhor período para semear o milho ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ após a dessecação da cobertura. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em seis períodos de dessecação do capim ruziziensis (25, 20, 15, 10, 05 e 0 dias antes da semeadura do milho) e uma testemunha sem cobertura. As dessecações foram feitas em pleno florescimento do capim ruziziensis com glyphosate a 1,44 kg ha-1. Foram avaliadas as plantas de milho aos 30 e 50 dias após a semeadura (DAS) quanto à altura, área foliar, massa seca de folhas e caule. Aos 150 DAS, foi avaliada a altura de plantas e a inserção da espiga, diâmetro e comprimento da espiga, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de grãos. A dessecação do capim ruziziensis no mesmo dia da semeadura do milho reduziu a altura das plantas, a altura de inserção da espiga, o diâmetro da espiga e a produtividade de grãos. A melhor época para a semeadura do milho ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ após a dessecação de capim ruziziensis com glyphosate foi aos 25 dias após a dessecação.Palavras-chaves: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Urochloa ruziziensis, cobertura vegetal, plantio direto, glyphosate. EFFECTS OF DESICCATION PERIODS OF RUZIZIENSIS GRASS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE  ABSTRACT - Considering the possible occurrence of maize intoxication due to the desiccation of ruziziensis grass, the objective of this study was to evaluate the best period for sowing ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ in the no-tillage system. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The treatments consisted of six periods of desiccation of ruziziensis grass (25, 20, 15, 10, 05 and 0 days before sowing maize) and one control without cover. The desiccations were done at full bloom of the ruziziensis grass with glyphosate at 1.44 kg ha-1. The maize plants were evaluated at 30 and 50 days after sowing (DAS) for height, leaf area, leaf and stem dry biomass. At 150 DAS, plant height and cob insertion, cob diameter and length, 100 grain mass and yield were evaluated. The desiccation of ruziziensis grass in the same day of maize sowing caused reduction in plant height, cob insertion height, cob diameter and yield. The best time for sowing ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ was 25 days after desiccation of ruziziensis grass with glyphosate.Keywords: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Urochloa ruziziensis, cover crop, no-tillage, glyphosate.

Accumulation of phosphorus fractions in typic Hapludalf soil after long-term application of pig slurry and deep pig litter in a no-tillage system

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Guardini ◽  
Jucinei José Comin ◽  
Djalma Eugênio Schmitt ◽  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
Marcos Antônio Bender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Fractions ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage System

scholarly journals Soybean root growth and crop yield in reponse to liming at the beginning of a no-tillage system

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Campanhola Bortoluzzi ◽  
Guilherme Luis Parize ◽  
Jackson Korchagin ◽  
Vanderlei Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
Surface Application ◽  
Tillage System

Analyzing the soil near crop roots may reveal limitations to growth and yield even in a no-tillage system. The purpose of the present study was to relate the chemical and physical properties of soil under a no-tillage system to soybean root growth and plant yield after five years of use of different types of limestone and forms of application. A clayey Oxisol received application of dolomitic and calcitic limestones and their 1:1 combination in two forms: surface application, maintained on the soil surface; and incorporated, applied on the surface and incorporated mechanically. Soil physical properties (resistance to mechanical penetration, soil bulk density and soil aggregation), soil chemical properties (pH, exchangeable cations, H+Al, and cation exchange capacity) and plant parameters (root growth system, soybean grain yield, and oat dry matter production) were evaluated five years after setting up the experiment. Incorporation of lime neutralized exchangeable Al up to a depth of 20 cm without affecting the soil physical properties. The soybean root system reached depths of 40 cm or more with incorporated limestone, increasing grain yield an average of 31 % in relation to surface application, which limited the effect of lime up to a depth of 5 cm and root growth up to 20 cm. It was concluded that incorporation of limestone at the beginning of a no-tillage system ensures a favorable environment for root growth and soybean yield, while this intervention does not show long-term effects on soil physical properties under no-tillage. This suggests that there is resilience in the physical properties evaluated.

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