scholarly journals Reinforcement rate controls time allocation and reinforcement schedule controls local response rate during the allocated time

2014 ◽  
Vol 78 (0) ◽  
pp. L-010-L-010
Author(s):  
Takayuki Tanno ◽  
Takayuki Sakagami
Keyword(s):  
Time Allocation ◽  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Reinforcement Rate ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Local Response Rate

scholarly journals Photodynamic therapy (PDT) pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring: kajian angka harapan hidup

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Sagung Rai Indrasari ◽  
Bambang Hariwiyanto ◽  
Indwiani Astuti ◽  
Soenarto Sastrowijoto
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Local Response Rate ◽  
Surgery Department

Latar belakang: Terapi karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) yang adekuat dan efektif tidak selalu tercapaidi negara berkembang. Ketersediaan alat radioterapi yang tidak seimbang dengan jumlah penderita KNFmenyebabkan keterlambatan jadwal terapi, sehingga berakibat pada buruknya hasil terapi. Alternatifterapi lain perlu dikembangkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Photodynamic therapy (PDT)telah digunakan untuk terapi tambahan pada berbagai kanker, termasuk KNF residu maupun rekuren.Tujuan: Mengetahui respon terapi lokal dan angka harapan hidup 5 tahun penderita KNF residu ataurekuren yang mendapatkan PDT.Metode: Kohort retrospektif dengan data rekam medis penderita KNFresidu atau rekuren yang mendapatkan PDT di Departemen THT-KL RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta tahun2005–2011.Hasil: Local response rate sebesar 83,9% dan angka harapan hidup 5 tahun penderita sebesar60,7%. Angka harapan hidup 5 tahun penderita laki-laki lebih tinggi (73,5%) dibandingkan penderitaperempuan (42,2%), perbedaan ini bermakna secara statistik (p=0,045). Angka harapan hidup 5 tahunpenderita berusia <40 tahun lebih tinggi (76,2%) dibandingkan penderita berusia > 40 tahun (53,0%),meskipun tidak signifikan (p=0,417). Angka harapan hidup penderita yang masih terdapat tumor padanasofaring lebih baik (80%) dibandingkan penderita dengan hasil biopsi nasofaring negatif (57,8%),namun tidak signifikan (p=0,638). Angka harapan hidup penderita berdasarkan stadium saat ditegakkandiagnosis KNF, penderita stadium awal mempunyai angka harapan hidup lebih kecil (53,3%) dibandingkanpenderita stadium lanjut (62,1%), meskipun tidak signifikan (p=0,521).Kesimpulan: Local responserate PDT 83,9% dan angka harapan hidup 5 tahun sebesar 60,7%. PDT merupakan modalitas terapi yangefektif untuk KNF residu maupun rekuren. Kata kunci: Karsinoma nasofaring, photodynamic therapy, angka harapan hidup ABSTRACTBackground: Adequate and effective nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment cannot bereached in developing countries. The lack of radiotherapy apparatus cause delayed treatment thatbring about bad treatment results. An alternative treatment modality should be created to overcome theproblem. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been conducted for many malignancies including recurrentor residual NPC. Purpose: To find out the local response rate and 5-year overall survival amongrecurrent or residual NPC patients who got PDT. Method: Retrospective cohort, data was taken frommedical records of patients with PDT in ENT-H&N Surgery Department Sardjito Hospital since 2005until 2011. Results: Local response rate was 83.9%. Five-year overall survival was 6.7%. The 5-yearoverall survival among men was significantly higher than women (73.5%:42.2%) p=0.045. The 5-yearoverall survival among patients <40 years old was higher than patients > 40 years old (76.2%:53.0%)even though it was not significant (p=0.417). The 5-year overall survival among patients with tumor washigher than patients without tumor (80%:57.8%) although it was not significant (p=0.638). The 5-yearoverall survival among patients with previous early stage NPC was lower than previous advanced stage (53.3%:62.1%) although it was not significant (p=0.521). Conclusion: Local response rate of PDT was83.9% and the 5-year overall survival was 60.7%. PDT was found as an effective treatment modalityfor recurrent or residual NPC. Keywords: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, photodynamic therapy, 5-year overall survival

scholarly journals Radiosensitizing Chemotherapy (Irinotecan) with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Inoperable Liver and/or Lung Metastases of Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Loïg Vaugier ◽  
Xavier Mirabel ◽  
Isabelle Martel-Lafay ◽  
Séverine Racadot ◽  
Christian Carrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Phase 2 Trial ◽  
Heavily Pretreated ◽  
Eortc Qlq C30 ◽  
Eortc Qlq ◽  
Local Response Rate

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a recognized treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases. We postulated that local responses could be improved by SBRT with a concomitant radiosensitizing agent (irinotecan). Methods: RADIOSTEREO-CAMPTO was a prospective multi-center phase 2 trial investigating SBRT (40–48 Gy in 4 fractions) for liver and/or lung inoperable CRC oligometastases (≤3), combined with two weekly intravenous infusions of 40 mg/m2 Irinotecan. Primary outcome was the objective local response rate as per RECIST. Secondary outcomes were early and late toxicities, EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life, local control and overall survival. Results: Forty-four patients with 51 lesions (liver = 39, lungs = 12) were included. Median age was 69 years (46–84); 37 patients (84%) had received at least two prior chemotherapy treatments. Median follow-up was 48.9 months. One patient with two lung lesions was lost during follow-up. Assuming maximum bias hypothesis, the objective local response rate in ITT was 86.3% (44/51—95% CI: [76.8–95.7]) or 82.4% (42/51—95% CI: [71.9–92.8]). The observed local response rate was 85.7% (42/49—95% CI: [75.9–95.5]). The 1 and 2-year local (distant) progression-free survivals were 84.2% (38.4%) and 67.4% (21.3%), respectively. The 1 and 2-year overall survivals were 97.5% and 75.5%. There were no severe acute or late reactions. The EORTC questionnaire scores did not significantly worsen during or after treatment. Conclusions: SBRT with irinotecan was well tolerated with promising results despite heavily pretreated patients.

Talimogene laherparepvec with systemic immunotherapy in melanoma: A real-world experience.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21549-e21549
Author(s):  
Tapas Ranjan Behera ◽  
Yanwen Chen ◽  
Jung Min Song ◽  
Steve Shih-lin Huang ◽  
Pauline Funchain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Real World ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Talimogene Laherparepvec ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Systemic Immunotherapy

e21549 Background: Talimogene laherparepvec (TVEC) is an FDA approved oncolytic herpes virus for intralesional therapy in unresectable metastatic melanoma. Real world data is sparse regarding the efficacy of TVEC in combination with other systemic therapies used in melanoma. We present outcomes of the largest single institution observational study of the off-label use of TVEC in combination with systemic immunotherapy. Methods: Patients with metastatic melanoma receiving TVEC simultaneously with ipilimumab-nivolumab (Ipi/Nivo) or single agent immunotherapy (either nivolumab or pembrolizumab) were evaluated. The demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, responses to injected lesions and remote metastatic lesions were evaluated. Clinical documentation was used to assess improvement in injected lesion size; time points for initial response and best response were identified. Review of imaging by a radiologist was evaluated to assess responses in remote metastatic lesions. Results: A total of 67 patients receiving TVEC from 2016 to 2020 were evaluated, of which 50 remained evaluable after excluding Merkel cell carcinoma, patients on clinical trial, TVEC monotherapy or those on BRAF-MEK inhibitors, and patients lost to follow up. In total, 29 received systemic immunotherapy simultaneously with TVEC and had been followed for at least a year, with a median follow-up time of 34 months (range, 12-56). At the time of analysis, 14 of 29 patients were alive. 6 of the 29 patients had received prior lines of therapy. Four patients received Ipi/Nivo, while 25 patients received monotherapy including 9 on nivolumab and 16 on pembrolizumab. The median number of TVEC doses received was 6 (range, 2-55) with median average TVEC dose being 3.47 ml (0.5-4 ml). Median time to initial local response was 6 weeks, whereas time to best local response was 14 weeks. Overall response rate in the injected target lesions was in 19 (66%), with complete local response (CR) in 12 (41%), partial response (PR) in 7 (24%), and progressive disease (PD) in 8 (28%). The response rate in distant non-injected lesions was 4 out of 16 (25%), 2 of which had previously progressed on prior systemic therapy. Stable disease was observed in 8 (50%) patients, and progression of disease in 4 (25%). The 1-year overall survival rate in patients receiving TVEC with systemic monotherapy was 80%, 95% CI 0.651-0.9730. Progression free survival at 1-year in the monotherapy group was 71.6%, 95% CI 0.557-0.918. Conclusions: This is the largest single institution, real world experience to our knowledge, which assesses the efficacy of TVEC in combination with systemic immunotherapy. Our cohort suggests that TVEC is an effective treatment in combination with systemic immunotherapy, with a better overall survival observed with combination TVEC and anti-PD1 than seen with historical data from clinical trials of anti-PD-1 monotherapy.

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