Lasers in Periodontics: An Overview

ABSTRACT Among commonly used lasers in dentistry viz CO2, Nd:YAG, Ho:YAG, Er: YAG, Er, Cr:YSGG, Nd:YAP, GaAs (diode) and argon, Er:YAG laser, at appropriate settings, possesses the best property for selective subgingival calculus removal without a thermal change of the root surface, soft tissue surgical procedures, root surface alterations, degranulation and implant surface decontamination alongwith proposed application in osseous surgery. Epithelial exclusion using CO2 laser has been suggested to retard its downward growth. Waterlase® and PeriowaveTM systems are recent devices that have further revolutionised the laser techonology for its favourable clinical applications; however, the procedural cost with the laser device still constitutes an obstacle for its routine application.

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LASER IN PERIODONTOLOGY- A REVIEW

International Journal of Medical Science and Diagnosis Research ◽

10.32553/ijmsdr.v5i5.798 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Shilpa Jaryal ◽

Jageer Chhina ◽

Gurpreet Kaur ◽

Shilpa Jaryal

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Strong Evidence ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Bacterial Reduction ◽

Laser Device ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Laser Technology ◽

Routine Application ◽

Procedural Cost ◽

Keywords Laser

Lasers are used in implant and periodontal field practices. Laser has various periodontal applications including calculus removal, decontamination of root and implant surfaces and bio stimulation, incision and ablation, osseous surgery, excision of the soft tissue, and bacterial reduction. There is a strong evidence that laser is used for surgical and nonsurgical periodontal therapies including root bio modification, bacterial decline and decontamination of infected implant surface, and removal of the pocket epithelium.Waterlase® and Periowave™ systems are recent devices that have further revolutionized the laser technology for its favorable clinical applications; however, the procedural cost with the laser device constitutes an obstacle for its routine application. Keywords: laser, biomodulation, fluorencence, LANAP

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Removal effects of subgingival calculus on root surface after Er:YAG laser irradiation at a high pulse rate

International Congress Series ◽

10.1016/s0531-5131(02)01331-6 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1248 ◽

pp. 355-358

Author(s):

T. Takiguchi ◽

Y. Miyazawa ◽

M. Suzuki ◽

A. Aoki ◽

N. Namiki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Pulse Rate ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Root Surface ◽

High Pulse ◽

Subgingival Calculus ◽

High Pulse Rate

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Implant Plastic Surgery: A Review and Rationale

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/0.637.1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 240-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Christopher E. Kazor ◽

Khalaf Al-Shammari ◽

David P. Sarment ◽

Carl E. Misch ◽

Hom-Lay Wang

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Plastic Surgery ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Treatment Modality ◽

Clinical Success ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Success Rates ◽

Case Selection ◽

Implant Dentistry

Abstract Implant dentistry has been established as a predictable treatment modality with high clinical success rates. Esthetic considerations of implant restorations have been gaining increased interest over the years. The role of periodontal plastic surgical procedures in the creation and maintenance of peri-implant soft tissue heights to facilitate better esthetics has become more popular. The available plastic surgery procedures and their clinical applications are reviewed in this article. Emphasis is placed on factors to consider for proper case selection and ideal treatment planning.

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Improvement of biohistological response of facial implant materials by tantalum surface treatment

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40902-019-0231-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Mousa Bakri ◽

Sung Ho Lee ◽

Jong Ho Lee

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Bone Surface ◽

Tissue Thickness ◽

Implant Materials ◽

Soft Tissue Thickness

Abstract Background A compact passive oxide layer can grow on tantalum (Ta). It has been reported that this oxide layer can facilitate bone ingrowth in vivo though the development of bone-like apatite, which promotes hard and soft tissue adhesion. Thus, Ta surface treatment on facial implant materials may improve the tissue response, which could result in less fibrotic encapsulation and make the implant more stable on the bone surface. The purposes of this study were to verify whether surface treatment of facial implant materials using Ta can improve the biohistobiological response and to determine the possibility of potential clinical applications. Methods Two different and commonly used implant materials, silicone and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), were treated via Ta ion implantation using a Ta sputtering gun. Ta-treated samples were compared with untreated samples using in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Osteoblast (MG-63) and fibroblast (NIH3T3) cell viability with the Ta-treated implant material was assessed, and the tissue response was observed by placing the implants over the rat calvarium (n = 48) for two different lengths of time. Foreign body and inflammatory reactions were observed, and soft tissue thickness between the calvarium and the implant as well as the bone response was measured. Results The treatment of facial implant materials using Ta showed a tendency toward increased fibroblast and osteoblast viability, although this result was not statistically significant. During the in vivo study, both Ta-treated and untreated implants showed similar foreign body reactions. However, the Ta-treated implant materials (silicone and ePTFE) showed a tendency toward better histological features: lower soft tissue thickness between the implant and the underlying calvarium as well as an increase in new bone activity. Conclusion Ta surface treatment using ion implantation on silicone and ePTFE facial implant materials showed the possibility of reducing soft tissue intervention between the calvarium and the implant to make the implant more stable on the bone surface. Although no statistically significant improvement was observed, Ta treatment revealed a tendency toward an improved biohistological response of silicone and ePTFE facial implants. Conclusively, tantalum treatment is beneficial and has the potential for clinical applications.

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Orthodontic Pre Grafting Closure of Large Alveolar Bony and Soft Tissue Gaps: A Novel Nonsurgical Protraction of the Lesser Segments in Growing Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/10556656211007697 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105566562110076

Author(s):

Maria Costanza Meazzini ◽

Noah Cohen ◽

Valeria Marinella Augusta Battista ◽

Cristina Incorvati ◽

Federico Biglioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Efficient Method ◽

Bone Grafting ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Face Mask ◽

Younger Patients ◽

Good Healing

Background: Closure of wide alveolar clefts with large soft tissue gaps and reconstruction of the dentoalveolar defect are challenging for the surgeon. Some authors successfully used interdental segmental distraction, which requires an additional surgical procedure. Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of tooth borne devices utilized to orthopedically advance the lesser segments, with a complete approximation of the soft tissue of the alveolar stumps, allowing traditional simultaneous soft tissue closure and bone grafting, and avoiding the need for supplementary surgery. Methods: Eight growing patients, 2 with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and 6 with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP), with large soft tissue and bony alveolar defects prior to bone grafting were prospectively selected. A banded rapid palatal expander (RPE) in BCLP and a modified RPE in UCLP combined with protraction face mask in younger patients or a modified Alt-Ramec in patients older than 12 years were applied. Radiographic and photographic records were available at T0, at the end of protraction (T1) and at least 1 year after bone grafting (T2). Results: Patients with large gaps showed a significant reduction in the bony cleft area and approximation of the soft tissues at T1. All patients received bone grafting with good healing and ossification at T2. Conclusion: In growing patients with UCLP and BCLP with large gaps, presurgical orthodontic protraction seems to be an efficient method to reduce the cleft defect, minimizing the risk of post grafting fistulas, reducing the need for supplementary surgical procedures.

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