Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma (Central) of Maxilla: Case Report and Review

Abstract Term Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma (GCRG) a non-neoplastic lesion characterized by a proliferation of granulation tissue containing numerous multinucleated giant cells was introduced by Jaffe in 1953 to describe an apparently reactive intraosseous lesion of the mandible and maxilla following trauma induced intraosseous hemorrhage. It is a disease of the young presenting as a painless swelling in the anterior jaw. It appears on radiology as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency with a characteristic tendency of resorbing the root tips of adjacent unerupted teeth. A central giant cell granuloma of the maxilla is presented, which was diagnosed in a seventeen-year-old male and surgically treated.

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A rare coexistence of central giant cell granuloma and parathyroid adenoma: Case report

IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology ◽

10.18231/j.jdpo.2021.034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 155-158

Author(s):

Rohini Sebastian ◽

Meethu Rappai

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Parathyroid Adenoma ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Bony Lesion

Central giant cell granuloma is a reparative bony lesion characterised by abundant multinucleated giant cells within a sea of spindle shaped mesenchymal stromal cells. Giant cells are scattered throughout the fibrovascular connective tissue stroma containing hemorrhage. Its coexistence with parathyroid adenoma is very rare. Brown tumour is a close differential in this scenario. Herein we present the case of a central giant cell granuloma of maxilla and parathyroid adenoma diagnosed almost during the same time in a 58 years old male.

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Central Giant Cell Granuloma

Dentistry and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.31579/2643-6612/010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 01-04

Author(s):

Nilotpol Kashyap ◽

Manisha Upadhyay ◽

Rupam Tripathi ◽

Pallavi Pawar ◽

Ranjeet Kumar Prasad Sah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Fibrous Tissue ◽

Giant Cells ◽

World Health ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Bony Lesion ◽

Benign Tumours ◽

Health Organization ◽

Intraosseous Lesion

Central giant cell granuloma (central giant cell granuloma) is an uncommon benign bony lesion that occurs in the mandible and maxilla and accounts for approximately 7% of all benign tumours of the jaws [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined central giant cell granuloma as an intraosseous lesion consisting of cellular fibrous tissue that contains multiple foci of haemorrhage, aggregations of multinucleated giant cells and occasional trabeculae of woven bone [2]. Central giant cell granuloma occurs predominantly in children or young adults, with approximately 75%of cases presenting before 30 years of age although presentation can occur at any age [3]. Females are affected more frequently than males, with a ratio of 2:1

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Central Giant Cell Granuloma: A Narrative Review of Radiological Features and Differential Diagnosis

General medicine and Clinical Practice ◽

10.31579/2639-4162/030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 01-05

Author(s):

Cinzia Casu

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Fibrous Tissue ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Genetic Syndromes ◽

Radiographic Appearance ◽

Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Jaw Bones ◽

Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽

Intraosseous Lesion

The Central Giant Cell Granuloma is an uncommon lesion, accounting less than 7% of all benign jaw lesions. In 1953, Jaffe was the first to describe these lesions as a giant cell reparative granuloma of the jaw bones, and in 1971, thanks to Pindborg and Kramer, it was included in the current nomenclature. The aetiology of CGCG is unknown, there is also a peripheral type that some authors consider the most common in maxillary bones. WHO defines CGCG as an intraosseous lesion consisting of cellular fibrous tissue that contains multiple foci of hemorrhage, aggregations of multinucleated giant cells, and some trabeculae of woven bone. The radiographic appearance of CGCGs is not pathognomonic. CGCGs should be differentiated from other lesions of the jaws such as Brown’s tumour of hyperparathyroidism, fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cysts, giant cell tumours, fibro-osseous lesions, and other malignancies that arise in the jaw bones. Furthermore, it needs to be differentiated even from some genetic syndromes, such as Cherubism, type 1-neurofibromatosis and Noonan’s syndrome. The aim of this study is to focus on radiographic features of CGCG in order to achieve an appropriate tool for diagnosis.

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Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible: A Rare Presentation

International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1122 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 172-174

Author(s):

Sunita Malik ◽

Virender Singh ◽

Gurdarshan Singh ◽

Nisha Dahiya

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Rare Presentation ◽

Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Woven Bone ◽

Local Trauma ◽

Mandibular Body ◽

Intraosseous Lesion ◽

Age Range

ABSTRACT Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an intraosseous lesion consisting of cellular fibrosis tissue that contains multiple foci of hemorrhage, multinucleated giant cells and trabeculas of woven bone. This lesion accounts for less than 7% of all benign jaw tumors. Jaffe considered it as a locally reparative reaction of bone which can be possibly due to either an inflammatory response, hemorrhage or local trauma. Females are affected more frequently than males. It occurs over a wide age range. It has been reported that this lesion is diagnosed during the first two decades of life in approximately 48% of cases and 60% of cases are evident before the age of 30. It is considerably more common in the mandible than in maxilla. The majority of the lesions occur in the molar and premolar area, and some of these extend to the ascending ramus. The presence of giant cell granuloma in the mandibular body area, entire ramus, condyle and coronoid creates a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The purpose of this report is to describe an unusual presentation of CGCG involving mandibular body, ramus, condylar and coronoid processes and to discuss the differential diagnosis, radiographic presentation and management of this lesion. How to cite this article Malik S, Singh V, Singh G, Dahiya N. Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible: A Rare Presentation. Int J Head and Neck Surg 2012;3(3):172-174.

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Central Odontogenic Fibroma Accompanied by a Central Giant Cell Granuloma-Like Lesion: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v18i44.8340 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Monir Moradzadeh Khiavi ◽

Abbas Karimi ◽

Hassan Mirmohammad Sadeghi ◽

Samira Derakhshan ◽

Seyed Mobin Tafreshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Benign Lesion ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Odontogenic Fibroma ◽

Central Odontogenic Fibroma

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign non-neoplastic intraosseous lesion mainly found in the anterior mandible. It is characterized by multinucleated giant cells, representing osteoclasts or macrophages. Central odontogenic fibroma (COF) is an uncommon benign lesion of the jaws. It originates from the odontogenic ectomesenchyme. In rare cases, COF may accompany a CGCG. To date, 49 cases of COF accompanied by CGCG-like lesions have been reported in the literature. In this paper, we present another case of COF-CGCG in a 46-year-old female. The lesion was located in the posterior mandible. Excisional biopsy was carried out, and histopathological analysis revealed multinucleated giant cells with numerous strands of odontogenic epithelium. A literature review of previously reported cases was also performed.

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Aggressive behavior of peripheral giant cell granuloma: A case report

Journal of Clinical Images and Medical Case Reports ◽

10.52768/2766-7820/1218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Nadia Fathy Hassabou ◽

◽

Yasmine Alaa Eldin ◽

Amina Fouad Farag ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Periodontal Membrane ◽

Neoplastic Lesion ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Chronic Trauma

Background: Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (PGCG) considered one of the commonest oral giant cell lesions and gingival epulis. It is probably a non neoplastic lesion but rather reactive in nature which originates from the periodontal membrane or the periosteum as a reaction to chronic trauma or local irritation. This article reports a case of PGCG in a 6 years old male patient complaining of massive gingival swelling associated with looseness of related teeth which is highly unlikely to occur with such lesions, that may lead to misdiagnosis. Material and method: Surgical excision followed by histopathological examination was performed and confirmed using CD34 and CD45 for detection and confirming the origin of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). Results: Immunopositivity for CD34 was demonstrated only as cytoplasmic reaction of endothelial cells lining blood vessels while negative reaction was observed in MNGCs or in stromal mononuclear cell. Moreover, cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for CD45 was revealed in MNGCs and few stromal cells. Conclusion: Correlating clinical, radiographic and histopathologic examination reaching definite and early diagnosis is mandatory for management of such lesions thus eliminating potential risk of damaging to adjacent hard tissue structures. Keywords: Peripheral giant cell granuloma; multinucleated giant cells; CD34; CD45.

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Case Report: rare hybrid lesion of a central giant cell granuloma within a juvenile ossifying fibroma

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.19891.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1218

Author(s):

Hadeer Rizk Saad ◽

Noura M. Kamal ◽

Hatem W. Amer

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Bone Lesion ◽

Giant Cells ◽

World Health ◽

Ossifying Fibroma ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is classified by the World Health Organization as a benign bone lesion. It is found anteriorly in the mandible, with most of the cases crossing the midline. In total, 70% of CGCGs are encountered in young females. Fibro-osseous lesions are a group of pathologies that encompass neoplastic, dysplastic and reactive entities. Juvenile ossifying fibroma, which can be further categorized into juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma (JTOF) and juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma, represents an aggressive neoplastic example of these fibro-osseous lesions. JTOF occurs in children at almost equal ratios in both sexes, affecting the maxilla more than mandible. This study aims to report a peculiar case of a hybrid lesion comprising CGCG and JTOF in the mandible of a nine-year-old female patient. Clinical, radiographic and histopathological findings were assessed. Clinical examination revealed an intraoral swelling extending from the right impacted third molar area to the left first molar area. Computed tomography showed a well-defined multilocular radiolucency with diffuse flecks of radioopacities. Histopathologically, the lesion comprised fibrous connective tissue encompassing numerous multinucleated giant cells and other areas of cell-rich connective tissue stroma containing bands of osteoid matrix and anastomosing immature bone trabeculae intermixed with scattered clusters of multinucleated giant cells. We hereby report a case of a rare hybrid lesion comprising CGCG and JTOF.

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CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF JOINT DAMAGE IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE-TYPE TENOSYNOVIAL GIANT CELL TUMOR

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek201912102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Olena O Dyadyk ◽

Anastasiia Hryhorovska

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell Tumor ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Cell Size ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Diffuse Type ◽

Association Coefficient ◽

Mean Values ◽

Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor

Introduction: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT) (synonym – pigmented villonodular synovitis) – is a rare benign proliferative lesion of the synovial sheath, localized in the joint capsule, bursa or tendon sheath and characterized by locally destructive growth. Depending on the prevalence within the joint elements, the presence of a capsule around the tumor, histophotographic features of cell structure and clinical behavior TSGCT can be divided to localized or diffuse type. The aim of the study was researching of histopathological properties of diffuse-type TSGCT, determine the parameters its morphological indicators and to find out the correlation between these morphological and clinical parameters. Materials and methods: The research material was used biopsy (resect) of pathological lesions from 50 patients who were diagnosed and histologically verified diffuse-type TSGCT. Microscopic examinations of the stained sections and their photo archiving were carried out with use of a Olympus-CX 41 light optical microscope. Group measurable parameters (mean values and Pearson tetrachoric index (association coefficient) were calculated in groups of comparison for morphological and clinical indices of TSGCT. The mean values were compared by Student’s test, P value of ≤0.1 was considered statistically significant. Results:Correlation analysis of indicators that accounted for the pairs of cases «clinic – morphology» revealed the relationships, that had the highest parameters of the association coefficient between such indicators: «presence of villous growths» - «severity of hemosiderosis» (if hypertrophied synovial villi available, with vascular injection and pronounced proliferation of synovial cells, there is also a significant accumulation of hemosiderin pigment); «presence of villous growths» - «type of predominant cellular proliferates» (if cells of TSGCT diffuse type consists of monotonous sheets of stromal cells, with uniform, oval to reniform nuclei, the proliferation of villi in synovial layer is non-distinctive); «presence of nodes» - «kind of stroma» (if nodes predominate, their histological structure is mainly represented by polymorphic clusters of synovitis cells in the form of cells, strands, chains, solid formations, among immature connective tissue with low hyalinosis); «cell size (area, cm²)» - «severity of haemosiderosis» and «cell size (area, cm²)» - «the number of multinucleated giant cells» (there is a pronounced deposition of pigment and accumulation of osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells type, although usually their number is relatively small compared to the localized type of TSGCT). Conclusions: Morphological parameters, that we have identified, characterize pathological changes in the tissues of TSGCT; careful analysis of the frequency of their occurrence in the different comparison groups made it possible to establish intergroup differences and correlations between individual indicators, which were previously unknown or not obvious. Our study was determine to analyze of incidence rates and correlation relationships, revealed some previously unknown differences and dependencies that are important for understanding the pathogenesis, improvement of diagnosis and prognosis of diffuse-type TSGCT.

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