Land, Community, and the State in the Caucasus

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Lanzillotti
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Land Community

The Administration of Religion in the Newly Independent Republics

2018 ◽  
pp. 157-182
Author(s):  
Bayram Balci
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Islamic Revival ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Islam

Faced with an Islamic revival from the inside and incoming foreign Islamic trends, leaders in Central Asia and the Caucasus have developed specific policies for a better management of Islam. With a new attitude toward Islam, different from the Soviet approach to religion, the new leaders have developed their own “national” Islam, also called a traditional Islam, one that accepts the control of the State. Security and stability of the country are the first parameters determining management of Islam by the government. For that, Islamic education and the existence of appropriate committees are the main tools and instruments that help the regimes to control the transformation of Islam.

scholarly journals Leo Tolstoy's novella “The Prisoner of the Caucasus”: on the question of creative history

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Yevgeniya V. Nikolayeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
The State ◽  
Leo Tolstoy ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Minor Characters ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Children's Stories ◽  
Children's Reading ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the article presents a comparative analysis of Alexander. Pushkin's remarks about his poem “The Prisoner of the Caucasus” and Leo Tolstoy's short story of the same name, written for children's reading and placed in "The Alphabet Book". In the second half of the 1850s, Leo Tolstoy carefully and with numerous notes read the biography of Pushkin, published by Pavel Annenkov for the collected works of the great author. We can assume that from this time the writer begins a conscious study of Pushkin's prose, which previously had not attracted him. In this book, Leo Tolstoy marks out in pencil, among other information, the unsent Pushkin’s letter to Nikolay Gnedich, in which the author of the poem critically examines its shortcomings. In the late 1860s and the early 1870s, Leo Tolstoy was experiencing a serious creative crisis caused by dissatisfaction with the state of fiction, especially language, of that time. He begins to focus on the language of "folkish literature", for the first time applying new "writing techniques" when creating children's stories for "The Alphabet Book". Comparison of Pushkin's critical remarks about his work with the content, images of the main characters, minor characters and their storylines in Leo Tolstoy's story "The Prisoner of the Caucasus" convinces that the writer took into account Pushkin's remarks, having received from Puskin a genuine lesson in skill.

scholarly journals The Huns in the Plains of Crimea

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Aibabin
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The State ◽  
State Farm ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Funeral Rite ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Caucasus Mountains ◽  
Syrian Coast ◽  
Written Sources

The article reviews some evidence of written sources about the Huns in the Crimea and the Huns’ burials found in the plains of the Crimea. Many researchers of the Crimean history dated the invasion of the Huns in the Northern Black Sea region to the time of the reign of Emperor Valens (364–378) taking into account the information of only some narrative sources. However, there is no information about the Huns’ crossing through the Cimmerian Bosporus Strait and the attack on the Bosporus cities in the 370s in the written sources. According to Syrian and Greek sources, N.V. Pigulevskaya reasonably attributed Huns’ crossing through Meotida and the Caucasus Mountains to Mesopotamia and the Syrian coast to 395. This date is confirmed by the updated chronology of nomadic burials known in the Crimea and ceramics from Bosporan cities and settlements. Apparently, the Huns appeared on the peninsula after their settlement in the Northern Black Sea region at the end of the 4th – 5th centuries. Huns tombs on the hillside of Koklyuk, from the State Farm named after Kalinin, from Belyaus and on the necropolis of Ust-Alma are dated back to the first half of the 5th century by polychrome things. According to the funeral rite, the described Crimean graves of the first half of the 5th century are similar to the graves excavated under the kurgans with horse skin known in steppes of the Northern Black Sea region. I.P. Zasetskaya reasonably associated them with the Turks, who were part of the Hunnic tribal union. Nomad burials in Izobilnoe were attributed to the second half of the 5th century, in Marfovka – to the end of the 5th century, and in Chykarenko – to the first half of the 6th century. The graves of nomads of the first half of the 5th century belonged to the Akatziri, and the graves of the second half of the 5th century – first half of the 6th century belonged to Huns-Altziagiri.

scholarly journals Protection of State Border in Caucasus at End of 19th Century: Karsk Border Brigade

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-426
Author(s):  
K, A. Pavlov ◽  
O. B. Klochkov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Military Units

The process of formation and development of the protection of the state border in the Caucasus at the end of the 19th century (using the example of the Karsk border brigade) is analyzed in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in historical research insufficient attention is paid to the protection of the state border in the Caucasus by border guard units at the end of the 19th century. It is shown that under the conditions of the introduction of protective customs duties, as a result of which smuggling activities began to develop actively, without specialized units, the Russian Empire was unable to protect its economic interests in the border space in the Caucasus. It is noted that the development of the state border guard system was carried out in a tense, unstable military-political situation, accompanied by constant armed clashes with bandit formations. It is indicated that in these conditions, the protection of the state border was carried out by the border guards together with military units, which in turn negatively affected the quality of the protection of the economic interests of the Russian Empire in the region. It is concluded that the development of the system for protecting the state border in the Caucasus was a consequence of the existing threats to national security in the region.

Christianity in the Caucasian Albania

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
G. Seidova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of

The paper discusses the history of the penetration and further spread of Christianity on the territory of present-day Russia, in the medieval state of Caucasian Albania, on the historical territory of most of present-day Azerbaijan, part of the south of Dagestan and Georgia. There existed an independent, having an apostolic beginning, Albanian Church. The fact that the sermon began in Derbent determines our desire to turn to the history of Christianity in our city, which was not just a part of the Christian world of Caucasian Albania, but also a long time residence of its patriarchal throne. Today, out of the 26 tribes that once made up the Albanian Union, one nation has survived, remaining faithful to Christianity — these are the Udins. The Udins were one of the first (313) in the Caucasus to adopt Christianity as the state religion, retained their faith and ethnic identity. Today they strive for their selfdetermination in religious and canonical relations.

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