Human Rights, civil liberties, and torture

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties

The Effects of Human Rights on Economic Growth, 1965 to 2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wade M. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

A long-standing research question asks whether democracy promotes or inhibits development, but relatively few studies explore the developmental consequences of human rights. I analyze the effect of respect for bodily integrity rights and civil liberties on economic growth rates, measured as percentage changes in gross domestic product over pooled five-year intervals, for 138 countries between 1965 and 2010. Bodily integrity rights entail fundamental protections against torture, political imprisonment, extrajudicial killing, and disappearances. Civil liberties include the freedoms of speech, assembly, religion, and movement. The analyses make use of estimators designed to isolate causal directionality. I find that improvements in countries’ rated bodily integrity practices boost economic growth rates, even after accounting for other important explanatory factors and the possibility of reverse causality. Additional analyses suggest that this effect operates largely through increased domestic investment. Static levels in bodily integrity scores, conversely, have no effect on growth; neither do static levels of or dynamic changes in civil liberties.

scholarly journals Countering Ethnic Violence, Extremism, and Terrorism or Human Rights Violations: A Case Study of Central Asian Republics

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Adam Saud ◽  
Dr. Irfan Hussain Qaisrani
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Social ◽  
Free Region

Central Asia has been declared as ‘not free’ region by most of the global human rights organizations. The region has been governed by the old socialist-minded leadership since its independence. This style does not give room for civil liberties and human rights. Furthermore, the region has been marked with extremism, terrorism and ethnic violence for a long period of time. The regimes are also supported by other ‘not free’ states especially Russia and China. Such kind of regional dynamics has encouraged the states to adopt oppressive policies in order to strengthen themselves. This research focuses; to understand the social and ethnic demography of the Central Asian region; to understand the hyper-presidential political systems of the region; to understand the violent and non-violent movements against the ‘system’, and to analyze the state policies towards human rights and civil liberties.

scholarly journals EXISTENCE OF LOCAL LEGAL PRODUCT NUANCED OF SHARI’AH IN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rommy Patra
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Legal Product

<p><em>The existence of local legal product  nuanced of shari'a in Indonesia is rampant  in the reform era. The establishment of  local legal product  that nuanced of shari'a is effort to formalize shari'ah  Islam in the life of the nation. But its existence has caused controversy because of have nature of sectarian and vulnerable to violation of human rights such as discriminatory and restrict civil liberties. Therefore, necessary  for the structuring of local legal product  that nuanced of shari'a, if necessary until to cancel it in order to improve the quality of implementation of local autonomy in Indonesia.</em></p>

ICT and Human Rights in Brazil

2014 ◽  
pp. 86-99
Author(s):  
José Rodrigues Filho
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Electronic Surveillance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Voting System ◽  
National Constitution

Since the end of military government in Brazil, civilian governments have sought the accumulation and exercise of power to the detriment of the citizenry. They have done this with a kind of totalitarianism that takes the form of digital or bureaucratic dictatorship. Since the 1990s, they have started to implement information technology in the public sector to regulate and run the country in a command-and-control way through technological or bureaucratic dictatorship rather democratic process. While it is evident that there is a high level of investment in information technology in the public sector (e-government) in Brazil, there are also clear signs of the violation of human rights in terms of privacy. These occur, for instance, when the public administration exercises the power to engage in a process of electronic surveillance without the supervision of the judiciary. It is alleged that thousands of individual files have been accessed in the public administration in Brazil, despite the privacy protection offered by the national constitution. In addition, there is a proliferation of biometric identification using faces, eyes, fingerprints, and other body parts, especially in the e-voting system. This chapter shows how information technology (e-government) in Brazil could lead to violations of human rights because of the proliferation of biometric identification in the e-voting system as well as other sorts of invisible electronic surveillance that are affecting civil liberties and individual rights, including privacy.

The Idea of Human Rights in Conditions of Hospital Treatment

2016 ◽  
pp. 1147-1165
Author(s):  
Bogusław Sygit ◽  
Damian Wąsik
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
European Court ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The aim of this chapter is describing of the influence of universal human rights and civil liberties on the formation of standards for hospital care. The authors present definition of the right to life and the right to health. Moreover in the section it is discussed modern standards of hospital treatment under the provisions of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality. The authors discuss in detail about selected examples realization of human rights in the treatment of hospital and forms of their violation. During the presentation of these issues, the authors analyze a provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and use a number of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights issued in matters concerning human rights abuses in the course of treatment and hospitalization.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ewing Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Director General ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
Security Service ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Cold War

This introductory chapter provides an overview of MI5, one of a number of security agencies. The Security Service was created in 1909, initially to deal with the problems of German espionage. Although its existence was acknowledged by government and its Director General (DG) sometimes referred to it in the press, the Official Secrets Act 1911 ensured that the activities of MI5 were protected from unwelcome public activity for much of the twentieth century. During this time, however, the great bulk of MI5’s attention was devoted to the Communist Party, its members and related organizations and during the Cold War this was its principal pre-occupation. The chapter assesses the extent to which MI5’s violations of civil liberties were sanctioned by the law, and by the human rights obligations then emerging. This is asked against a background of constitutional principle. The first and most significant of these principles is the Rule of Law.

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