Psychological functioning of tsunami affected people with disabilities: Impact of age

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Sujata Satapathy, BA, MA, BEd, MPhil, PhD ◽  
Sekar Kasi, BA, MA, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

The study determined differential psychological vulnerability of people with disabilities across different age groups in worst affected areas in tsunami disaster. A total of 275 tsunami affected people with various disabilities aged between 16 and 85 years were included in the final sample. Self Reporting Questionnaire (psychological distress), Impact of Event Scale (post-traumatic stress), and quality of life (QOL) were measured. People in their late adulthood and elderly years reported significantly higher psychological distress when compared with the teens and early adults and the young adults. People across different age groups reported equal posttraumatic stress. Increase in age resulted in more psychological distress and poor physical, social, and environmental QOL. Age and severity of disability were found to be significant predictors of psychological distress. The findings primarily supported the “differential vulnerability hypothesis” in the context of a disaster; therefore, implications are far reaching for the policy makers and planners, administrators/disaster managers, and mental health/psychosocial service providers. Long-term psychosocial and psychiatric interventions are suggested to be provided till the reconstruction and rebuilding phase continues.

scholarly journals (A196) Psychological Distress, Quality of Life and Post-Traumatic Stress among Tsunami Affected People with Disabilities

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s55-s55
Author(s):  
S. Satapathy ◽  
S. Kasi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Main Effects

The study investigated psychological impact of tsunami of men and women with disabilities two years after the tsunami disaster. A total of 248 tsunami affected people with disabilities aged between 16 to 85 years were included in the final sample. And the sample consisted of 132 males with the men age 37.9 years, and 116 females with the men age 40.6 years. SRQ (psychological distress), IES (post-traumatic stress), WHO- DAS (psychosocial disability functioning) and QOL (quality of life) were administered. In addition to scale administration to 248 people, formal discussions were held with 27 mentally retarded people and their guardians/parents, thus making the total sample of 275. Main effects of gender were found significant on IES i.e. post-traumatic stress and main effects of type of disability was found significant on physical QOL, psychological QOL, and post-traumatic stress. Main effects of severity of disability was found significant on all variables. t-tests have been found out to study the inter group differences. All findings have been discussed in the light of supporting studies and theories. Long-term psychosocial and psychiatric interventions are suggested to be provided till the reconstruction and rebuilding phase continues, however, the challenge still remains for the strategy of mainstreaming disabled specific designed interventions within the community based psychosocial care services framework.

scholarly journals Increased psychological distress after the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown in the Saudi population: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatim Yousef Alharbi ◽  
Sami S. Alharthi ◽  
Ahmed S. Alzahrani ◽  
Mohammed Khalid A. Dakhel ◽  
Ziyad Hussain Alawaji
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its global health and socioeconomic aftereffects, the enduring state of crisis is increasingly impacting the coping capacity of the populations. In this study, we aimed to characterize the levels of psychological distress after the lifting of COVID-19 lockdown. Results The Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 items (DASS-21) were used to screen for post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence of PTSD was 41.6% and was associated with severe or extremely severe stress (27.8%), anxiety (31.4%), and depression (39.0%). All disorders were strongly correlated with one another. The risk of developing PTSD was independently associated with residence in high COVID-19 prevalence region (OR = 2.25, p = 0.004), poor (OR = 3.98, p = 0.002), or moderate (OR = 1.63, p = 0.048) self-assessed overall physical health, psychiatric comorbidity (OR = 1.87, p = 0.036), number of COVID-19-like symptoms (OR = 1.94, p = 0.039), and severe COVID-19 morbidity in the acquaintances (OR = 1.54, p = 0.026). Four theories were proposed to explain these high figures, with a discussion of their practical implications. Conclusions The lifting of lockdown measures was associated with a substantial increase in psychological distress among the Saudi population, referring to figures reported during the lockdown. This may indicate a decline in the overall population’s coping capacity with the enduring crisis.

scholarly journals Brainstem Quadruple Aberrant Hyperphosphorylated Tau, Beta-Amyloid, Alpha-Synuclein and TDP-43 Pathology, Stress and Sleep Behavior Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6689
Author(s):  
Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas ◽  
Ravi Philip Rajkumar ◽  
Elijah W. Stommel ◽  
Randy Kulesza ◽  
Yusra Mansour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Hyperphosphorylated Tau ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Quadruple aberrant hyperphosphorylated tau (p-τ), amyloid-β peptide, alpha-synuclein and TDP-43 brainstem and supratentorial pathology are documented in forensic ≤40y autopsies in Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC), and p-τ is the major aberrant protein. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an elevated risk of subsequent dementia, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is documented in PD, AD, Lewy body dementia and ALS. This study aimed to identify an association between PTSD and potential pRBD in Mexico. An anonymous online survey of 4502 urban college-educated adults, 29.3 ± 10.3 years; MMC, n = 1865; non-MMC, n = 2637, measured PTSD symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) and pRBD symptoms using the RBD Single-Question. Over 50% of the participants had IES-R scores ≥33 indicating probable PTSD. pRBD was identified in 22.6% of the participants across Mexico and 32.7% in MMC residents with PTSD. MMC subjects with PTSD had an OR 2.6218 [2.5348, 2.7117] of answering yes to the pRBD. PTSD and pRBD were more common in women. This study showed an association between PTSD and pRBD, strengthening the possibility of a connection with misfolded proteinopathies in young urbanites. We need to confirm the RBD diagnosis using an overnight polysomnogram. Mexican women are at high risk for stress and sleep disorders.

scholarly journals Birth experience from the perspective of the fathers

2020 ◽  
Vol 302 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297-1303
Author(s):  
Lena C. Vischer ◽  
Xenia Heun ◽  
Joscha Steetskamp ◽  
Annette Hasenburg ◽  
Christine Skala
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Labor Ward ◽  
Newborn Child ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
The University

Abstract Purpose As men nowadays often attend the delivery of their own child, they also have to go through the labor period. In this study, the condition of the expectant fathers attending labor was evaluated. Methods In 2016, fathers who went through labor with their partners in the University medical center of Mainz were interviewed within the first days after delivery and 6 months later. They received a “Fathers questionnaire” concerning their motivation, the valuation of their attendance, their emotions during labor, and concerning the service in the labor ward. Six months later, they also received the validated Impact of Event Scale questionnaire (IES-R). In total, 318 participants answered the “Fathers’ Questionnaire”, 226 the IES-R. Results Father’s attendance during labor was considered to be beneficial for fathers themselves (254, 79.8%), for the mother (272, 85.5%), for the newborn child (187, 58.8%), for the relationship (234, 73.6%). Only four could not see a purpose in their attendance. 73 men (23%) felt helpless, 47 (14.8%) were overwhelmed by the situation, 116 (36.5%) felt fear, 299 (94%) were happy to be present at birth, 27 (8.5%) felt traumatized by experiencing their partners in labor. According to the IES-R, none of the 226 men surveyed showed all symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion Childbirth is related to positive and negative emotions. Positive emotions are predominant, but come along with negative feelings. In this survey, posttraumatic stress disorder did not occur among men after delivery. Nevertheless, fathers’ needs should be kept in view.

Effects of Support Groups on Post Traumatic Stress Responses in Women Experiencing Stillbirth

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Cacciatore
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

This research study explores the effects of support groups on traumatic stress responses of women experiencing stillbirth. Women ( N = 47) responded to a mixed method questionnaire. Quantitative results utilizing the Impact of Event Scale Revised demonstrate that women who attend support group, when controlling for time, had fewer post traumatic stress symptoms than did the women who did not attend support group. Qualitative results elucidate the role of support groups in managing grief, suggesting that connectivity with other like women may be a useful strategy in reducing problematic psychological outcomes.

Early Psychological Reactions in a Group of Individuals with Pre-existing and Enduring Mental Health Difficulties Following a Major Coach Accident

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L. Chubb ◽  
Jonathan I. Bisson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Sequelae ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe impact of major trauma on individuals with pre-existing and enduring mental health difficulties is poorly understood.MethodTwenty individuals with pre-existing and enduring mental health difficulties were assessed with the Clinician Administered Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale, the 28-item version of the GHQ, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Impact of Event Scale between four and eight weeks after their involvement in a major coach accident.ResultsTen (50%) individuals satisfied the full DSM–IV criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD. The questionnaire scores indicated a high level of psychological suffering among the group. On dividing the sample into those individuals with previous diagnoses of anxiety or depressive disorders and those with a previous diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia, the schizophrenia group displayed less marked psychological sequelae on all measures.ConclusionThere was a high incidence of early psychological sequelae among the group as a whole. Some diagnoses (e.g. depression and anxiety) may predispose to psychological sequelae while others (e.g. chronic schizophrenia) may not.

scholarly journals Early cognitive–behavioural therapy for post-traumatic stress symptoms after physical injury

2004 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan I. Bisson ◽  
Jonathan P. Shepherd ◽  
Deborah Joy ◽  
Rachel Probert ◽  
Robert G. Newcombe
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundEarly single-session psychological interventions, including psychological debriefing following trauma, have not been shown to reduce psychological distress. Longer early psychological interventions have shown some promise.AimsTo examine the efficacy of a four-session cognitive–behavioural intervention following physical injury.MethodA total of 152 patients attending an accident and emergency department displaying psychological distress following physical injury were randomised 1–3 weeks post-injury to a four-session cognitive–behavioural intervention that started 5–10 weeks after the injury or to no intervention and then followed up for 13 months.ResultsAt 13 months, the total Impact of Event Scale score was significantly more reduced in the intervention group (adjusted mean difference=8.4, 95% CI 2.4–14.36). Other differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionsAbrief cognitive–behavioural intervention reduces symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in individuals with physical injury who display initial distress.

scholarly journals Complicated grief after death of a relative in the intensive care unit

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1341-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Kentish-Barnes ◽  
Marine Chaize ◽  
Valérie Seegers ◽  
Stéphane Legriel ◽  
Alain Cariou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Post Traumatic

An increased proportion of deaths occur in the intensive care unit (ICU).We performed this prospective study in 41 ICUs to determine the prevalence and determinants of complicated grief after death of a loved one in the ICU. Relatives of 475 adult patients were followed up. Complicated grief was assessed at 6 and 12 months using the Inventory of Complicated Grief (cut-off score >25). Relatives also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 3 months, and the Revised Impact of Event Scale for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms at 3, 6 and 12 months. We used a mixed multivariate logistic regression model to identify determinants of complicated grief after 6 months.Among the 475 patients, 282 (59.4%) had a relative evaluated at 6 months. Complicated grief symptoms were identified in 147 (52%) relatives. Independent determinants of complicated grief symptoms were either not amenable to changes (relative of female sex, relative living alone and intensivist board certification before 2009) or potential targets for improvements (refusal of treatment by the patient, patient died while intubated, relatives present at the time of death, relatives did not say goodbye to the patient, and poor communication between physicians and relatives).End-of-life practices, communication and loneliness in bereaved relatives may be amenable to improvements.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in Adolescents Exposed to the Earthquake in Lombok, Indonesia: Prevalence and Association With Maladaptive Trauma-Related Cognition and Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzaily Wahab ◽  
Li Ling Yong ◽  
Wei Keong Chieng ◽  
Myristica Yamil ◽  
Noor Azah Sawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: Natural disasters may physically and psychologically affect individuals and their surrounding community. This study determines the prevalence of post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and its association with maladaptive trauma-related cognition and resilience among adolescents post-earthquake.Materials and Methods: Data were collected, in this cross-sectional study, during an intervention program post-earthquake held in a state high school located at Lombok, Indonesia. The study sample engaged students 14–19 years of age using the purposive sampling method. The questionnaires used to measure PTS symptoms, maladaptive trauma-related cognition, and resilience were Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale-13 (CRIES-13), Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI), and Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised (CYRM-R), respectively.Results: The prevalence of PTS symptoms was 69.9%. Among the respondents, 61.37% were female and 56.48% had mothers with lower educational levels. Using multiple linear regression, the final predictors of PTS symptoms were excessive reactions (e.g., wailing loudly, miserable shrieking) of proxy during earthquake (β = 3.283, p = 0.005), maladaptive trauma-related cognition (β = 0.224, p = 0.002), and resilience (β = 0.192, p < 0.001) with female gender (β = 7.350, p < 0.001) as a control variable. Through simple linear regression, victims who witnessed injury or death during the earthquake (p = 0.003), had a proxy died during the earthquake (p = 0.01), and trapped victims or those who had difficulty escaping (p = 0.01) were identified to potentially predict the occurrence of PTS symptoms, warranting further study.Conclusion: The presence of excessive proxy reactions during the earthquake, maladaptive trauma-related cognition, and resilience in adolescents exposed to a natural disaster are worth targeting and prioritizing in future post-disaster interventions.

scholarly journals Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6) for U.S. Adults Who Experienced the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiin Jeong ◽  
Ah-Ram Kim ◽  
Claudia Hilton ◽  
Ickpyo Hong
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Item Fit ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental illness caused by traumatic events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Accurate diagnosis of this disorder is critical to establish effective intervention approaches. The Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6) is widely used for PTSD screening, but there has been no research on its psychometric properties with individuals who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A random sample of 600 participants were randomly selected from a COVID-19 survey database (n = 6,391). Rasch analysis was conducted to examine item fit, rating scale structure, construct validity, differential item functioning (DIF), and precision of the IES-6. Results: The principal component analysis of Rasch residuals (54.1% of the raw variance explained) and the average of residual correlations (average r = .19) supported the unidimensionality structure in the IES-6. The rating scale was suitable, and the item difficulty hierarchy was logical. The item fit and the DIF contrast were acceptable, except for item 5. The IES-6’s person reliability was .76, which was also an acceptable level.Conclusions: This study showed that the IES-6 has acceptable item-level psychometrics for screening PTSD in adults in the United States for individuals who have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggested that the IES-6 would be useful for the rapid identification of PTSD and allow clinicians to quickly provide interventions for people with the disorder and their families.

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