scholarly journals In vitro efficacy of garlic extract against Candida albicans biofilms from children with early childhood caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Vidya Carolyn Tjokrosetio ◽  
Sarworini Bagio Budiardjo ◽  
Ike Siti Indiarti ◽  
Eva Fauziah ◽  
Margaretha Suharsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Candida Albicans Biofilms ◽  
Childhood Caries

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-infective Potential of Thymol Against Early Childhood Caries Causing Dual Species Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Priya ◽  
Anthonymuthu Selvaraj ◽  
Dass Divya ◽  
Ramalingam Karthik Raja ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Infective Potential ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC), a severe form of caries due to cross-kingdom interaction of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans, is a serious childhood dental disease that affects majority of the children with poor background. The present study investigated the anti-infective potential of thymol against C. albicans and S. mutans dual species for the management of ECC. Thymol, a plant derivative of the monoterpene group, has been well known for its numerous biological activities. Thymol at 300 μg/ml concentration completely arrested growth and proliferation of dual species of C. albicans and S. mutans. Rapid killing efficacy of pathogens, within a span of 2 min, was observed in the time kill assay. In addition, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, thymol effectively diminished the biofilm formation and virulence of both C. albicans and S. mutans such as yeast-to-hyphal transition, hyphal-to-yeast transition, filamentation, and acidogenicity and acidurity, respectively, in single and dual species state. qPCR analysis was consistent with virulence assays. Also, through the invertebrate model system Galleria mellonella, in vivo toxicity and efficacy of the phytocompound was assessed, and it was found that no significant toxic effect was observed. Moreover, thymol was found to be proficient in diminishing the infection under single and dual state in in vivo condition. Overall, the results from the present study illustrate the anti-infective potential of thymol against the ECC-causing dual species, C. albicans and S. mutans, and the applicability of thymol in medicated dentifrice formulation.

scholarly journals Relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in early childhood caries, evaluated by quantitative PCR

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang W. Bachtiar ◽  
Boy M. Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship betweenCandida albicansandStreptococcus mutansin children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience.Methods:Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance ofC. albicansandS. mutansand relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to perform statistical analysis.Results:Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio ofC. albicansto total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p < 0.05). We observed the opposite forS. mutans(p < 0.05). The different value ofC. albicansandS. mutansin saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level ofS. mutans gtfBshowed a positive correlation withC. albicansconcentration in dental plaque. Conclusion:C. albicanshas a positive correlation with cariogenic traits ofS. mutansin ECC-related biofilm of young children.

scholarly journals Bacterial diversity and functional analysis of severe early childhood caries and recurrence in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Kalpana ◽  
Puniethaa Prabhu ◽  
Ashaq Hussain Bhat ◽  
Arunsaikiran Senthilkumar ◽  
Raj Pranap Arun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

AbstractDental caries is the most prevalent oral disease affecting nearly 70% of children in India and elsewhere. Micro-ecological niche based acidification due to dysbiosis in oral microbiome are crucial for caries onset and progression. Here we report the tooth bacteriome diversity compared in Indian children with caries free (CF), severe early childhood caries (SC) and recurrent caries (RC). High quality V3–V4 amplicon sequencing revealed that SC exhibited high bacterial diversity with unique combination and interrelationship. Gracillibacteria_GN02 and TM7 were unique in CF and SC respectively, while Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria were significantly high in RC. Interestingly, we found Streptococcus oralis subsp. tigurinus clade 071 in all groups with significant abundance in SC and RC. Positive correlation between low and high abundant bacteria as well as with TCS, PTS and ABC transporters were seen from co-occurrence network analysis. This could lead to persistence of SC niche resulting in RC. Comparative in vitro assessment of biofilm formation showed that the standard culture of S. oralis and its phylogenetically similar clinical isolates showed profound biofilm formation and augmented the growth and enhanced biofilm formation in S. mutans in both dual and multispecies cultures.

scholarly journals Relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in early childhood caries, evaluated by quantitative PCR

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang W. Bachtiar ◽  
Boy M. Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship betweenCandida albicansandStreptococcus mutansin children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience.Methods:Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance ofC. albicansandS. mutansand relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to perform statistical analysis.Results:Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio ofC. albicansto total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p < 0.05). We observed the opposite forS. mutans(p < 0.05). The different value ofC. albicansandS. mutansin saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level ofS. mutans gtfBshowed a positive correlation withC. albicansconcentration in dental plaque. Conclusion:C. albicanshas a positive correlation with cariogenic traits ofS. mutansin ECC-related biofilm of young children.

scholarly journals Candida albicans Carriage in Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) and Maternal Relatedness

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0164242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xiao ◽  
Yonghwi Moon ◽  
Lihua Li ◽  
Elena Rustchenko ◽  
Hironao Wakabayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

The Effect of Resin-Based Dental Sealant Containing Vanillin on Biofilm Formation of Candida albicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Boonyanit Thaweboon ◽  
Sroisiri Thaweboon
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Dental Sealants ◽  
Dental Sealant ◽  
Candida Biofilm ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC), or baby bottle tooth decay is one of the most common chronic diseases that affect young children at 6 years of age or younger. The disease is resulted from complex interactions between tooth structures and cariogenic microorganisms in dental biofilm after exposure to fermentable carbohydrates through improper feeding practices. This leads to a rapid development of demineralization of teeth shortly after they erupt in the oral cavity. Candida albicans have been reported recently to be associated with the pathogenesis of ECC. One of the general approaches currently used for the prevention of ECC is the application of dental sealant to occlusal (chewing surface) pits and fissures of caries-susceptible teeth. Many types of dental sealants have been extensively used and various antimicrobial agents were introduced to dental sealants to increase their caries preventive effect. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of vanillin incorporated resin-based dental sealant on C. albicans biofilm. Resin-based dental sealants (Clinpro; 3M ESPE, USA) containing different concentrations of vanillin (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 5% w/v) were prepared in 96-well plate. The suspension (107 colony forming unit/mL) of each strain of Candida albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 18804 and 2 clinical isolates) was added to saliva-coated sealant resin samples and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere for 24 h to allow the Candida biofilm formation. The quantity of vital biofilm was determined by WST Microbial Cell Counting Kit (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, USA) at 460 nm. All tests were done in triplicate and repeated three times. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s method were used to account for multiple comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. The results showed that 0.5-5% vanillin-incorporated dental sealant resins showed a significant suppressive effect against all strains of Candida. No significant differences of anti-biofilm effects were found among Candida strains. Approximately 30-50% Candida biofilm reduction was noticed in sealant resins containing vanillin compared with controls without vanillin. In conclusion, the adding of vanillin (0.5-5% w/v) to dental sealant resins is effective in inhibiting biofilm formation of fungus related to early childhood caries, C. albicans. Therefore, the use of dental sealants containing vanillin has the potential to prevent this type of dental caries in young children and biofilm formation by oral Candida. Further clinical studies are required to investigate physical properties of this sealant and clinical evaluation in the patients.

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