scholarly journals The influence of physical activity on cognitive functions in patients suffering from schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Filip Rybakowski ◽  
Katarzyna Drews
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Functions

scholarly journals The Association between Physical Activity and Selected Parameters of Psychological Status and Dementia in Older Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7549
Author(s):  
Angelika Cisek-Woźniak ◽  
Kinga Mruczyk ◽  
Rafał W. Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
The Impact

Physical activity has an unquestionable impact on broadly understood human health. One interesting issue related to this is the importance of movement on mental health and cognitive functioning. Research shows that regular physical activity improves the cognitive functioning of adults and people with mental disorders. Regular physical activity can be an important and powerful protective factor in cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly, and exercise is an important non-pharmacological treatment for mild cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to present the impact of physical activity on selected cognitive functions in physically active women over 60 years of age. The research was carried out in a group of 110 generally healthy women from the area of western Poland over 60 years of age, who were divided into four groups based on the intensity of their physical activity. A pedometer (sport watch) and a physical activity diary were used to measure physical activity. Body Mass Index was assessed. Selected cognitive functions were assessed using the MMSE test, motor and psychomotor skills were measured, and Luria’s auditory memory test and recall test, a clock drawing test, and a GDS test were performed. There were statistically significant relationships between the level of physical activity and the effectiveness of cognitive processes. These results show that about 5000 steps a day is enough to see a positive effect on the mental health and cognitive functioning of this group of the elderly population. The women had an average BMI of 28.1 ± 4.7. BMI, indicating an overweight condition (over 30 kg/m2), was observed in 31% of women. The results of this study lead the authors to conclude that physical activity positively influences cognitive function and can be recommended for all seniors who do not have other serious comorbidities that would prevent them from playing sports.

scholarly journals Cognitive Strategies and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Discriminant Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie André ◽  
Claude Ferrand ◽  
Cédric Albinet ◽  
Michel Audiffren
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Internal Memory

Background. Although a number of studies have examined sociodemographic, psychosocial, and environmental determinants of the level of physical activity (PA) for older people, little attention has been paid to the predictive power of cognitive strategies for independently living older adults. However, cognitive strategies have recently been considered to be critical in the management of day-to-day living. Methods. Data were collected from 243 men and women aged 55 years and older living in France using face-to-face interviews between 2011 and 2013. Results. A stepwise discriminant analysis selected five predictor variables (age, perceived health status, barriers’ self-efficacy, internal memory, and attentional control strategies) of the level of PA. The function showed that the rate of correct prediction was 73% for the level of PA. The calculated discriminant function based on the five predictor variables is useful for detecting individuals at high risk of lapses once engaged in regular PA. Conclusions. This study highlighted the need to consider cognitive functions as a determinant of the level of PA and, more specifically, those cognitive functions related to executive functions (internal memory and attentional control), to facilitate the maintenance of regular PA. These results are discussed in relation to successful aging.

scholarly journals Impact of Physical Activity on Cognitive Functions: A New Field for Research and Management of Cystic Fibrosis

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Elce ◽  
Alessandro Del Pizzo ◽  
Ersilia Nigro ◽  
Giulia Frisso ◽  
Lucia Martiniello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Positive Effects

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease inherited by an autosomal recessive mechanism and characterized by a progressive and severe multi-organ failure. Mutations in Cystic Fibrosis Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein cause duct obstructions from dense mucus secretions and chronic inflammation related to organ damage. The progression of the disease is characterized by a decline of lung function associated with metabolic disorders and malnutrition, musculoskeletal disorders and thoracic deformities, leading to a progressive decrement of the individual’s quality of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) qualifies Physical Activity (PA) as a structured activity produced by skeletal muscles’ movements that requires energy consumption. In the last decade, the number of studies on PA increased considerably, including those investigating the effects of exercise on cognitive and brain health and mental performance. PA is recommended in CF management guidelines, since it improves clinic outcomes, such as peripheral neuropathy, oxygen uptake peak, bone health, glycemic control and respiratory functions. Several studies regarding the positive effects of exercise in patients with Cystic Fibrosis were carried out, but the link between the effects of exercise and cognitive and brain health in CF remains unclear. Animal models showed that exercise might improve learning and memory through structural changes of brain architecture, and such a causal relationship can also be described in humans. Indeed, both morphological and environmental factors seem to be involved in exercise-induced neural plasticity. An increase of gray matter volume in specific areas is detectable as a consequence of regular training in humans. Neurobiological processes associated with brain function improvements include biochemical modifications, such as neuromodulator or neurohormone release, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production and synaptic activity changes. From a functional point of view, PA also seems to be an environmental factor enhancing cognitive abilities, such as executive functions, memory and processing speed. This review describes the current state of research regarding the impacts of physical activity and exercise on cognitive functions, introducing a possible novel field of research for optimizing the management of Cystic Fibrosis.

scholarly journals Actividad física y funciones cognitivas en personas mayores: revisión sistemática de los últimos 5 años (Physical activity and cognitive functions in older people: a systematic review of the last 5 years)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor Romero Ramos ◽  
Óscar Romero-Ramos ◽  
Arnoldo José González Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Amyloid Peptide ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Google Search

  La actividad física (AF) afecta de manera positiva en la salud de las personas a cualquier edad, de acuerdo con los resultados de diferentes estudios en cuanto a la salud cognitiva de las personas mayores, los beneficios son más evidentes. Por esa razón, se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica que aborda los efectos de la AF en las funciones cognitivas (FC) de las personas mayores. Se consultaron cuatro bases de datos: Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, y Pub Med, y el buscador Scholar Google. Tras aplicar los criterios de selección, quedaron 31 artículos, que fueron analizados en cuanto a) país, cantidad de individuos y edad, b) variables, y c) enfoque de investigación, duración y resultados. En general, la AF mejora diversas dimensiones de las funciones cognitivas de las personas mayores, donde median factores genéticos y ambientales que tienen que ver con el estilo de vida del individuo. Los tipos de AF se comportan de manera diferencial en cuanto a la dimensión de la función cognitiva que mejoran. La determinación de marcadores bioquímicos (BDNF, dopamina, péptido β-amiloide, gamma gap), de imagenología por resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) y cambios en la actividad eléctrica del cerebro, soportan la hipótesis de que la AF produce cambios en la forma y actividad cerebral, sin que ello suponga cambios significativos en la conducta observada y medible mediante test estandarizados de salud mental.  Abstract. Physical activity (PA) positively affects people's health at any age, and according to the results of different studies on the cognitive health of older people, the benefits are more evident. For this reason, a systematic review of the scientific literature addressing the effects of PA on the cognitive functions (CF) of older people has been conducted. Four databases were consulted to locate relevant literature: Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and Pub Med, and the Scholar Google search engine. After applying the selection criteria, 31 articles were left, which were analyzed in terms of a) country, number of individuals and age, b) variables, and c) research approach, duration and results. In general, PA improves several dimensions of cognitive functions of older people, where genetic and environmental factors that have to do with the individual's lifestyle are mediated. Types of PA behave differently in terms of the dimension of cognitive function they improve. The determination of biochemical markers (BDNF, dopamine, amyloid peptide β, gamma gap), nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) and changes in the electrical activity of the brain support the hypothesis that PA produces changes in brain shape and activity, without significant changes in behavior observed and measurable by standardized tests of mental health.

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