Work characteristics and the emergence of a sustainable workforce: Do job design principles matter?

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Fay ◽  
Alexandra Kamps
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Future Work

Work characteristics and the emergence of a sustainable workforce: Do job design principles matter? Work characteristics and the emergence of a sustainable workforce: Do job design principles matter? Doris Fay & Alexandra Kamps, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 19, June 2006, nr. 2, pp. 184. Today's organisations require a workforce with high levels of adaptability and flexibility, that is, a sustainable workforce. Drawing on the notion of socialization through work, this study looks at the potential role of job design for building a sustainable workforce. Drawing on data from 335 individuals from the new German countries, we tested whether levels of desirable attitudes and behaviours are associated with the application of Tayloristic design principles. Perceptions of work characteristics (job control, complexity, task completeness, prescription of one-best-way of doing the job) were used to create groups of work places that differed in degree of Taylorism. Comparison of jobs with high versus low levels of Taylorism showed that individuals with Tayloristic jobs had lower work-related self-efficacy, lower personal initiative, innovativity and readiness to change, and higher levels of control rejection and depression than individuals in less Tayloristic jobs. Implications for changing job demands and future work are discussed.

scholarly journals Pyrite Biooxidation by Acidophilic Archaea AcidiplasmaSp. MBA-1 Under Varied Conditions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Bulaev
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Sulfide Mineral ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Acidophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Moderately Thermophilic ◽  
Operational Temperature ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Acidophilic Archaea

The goal of this research was to study pyrite (FeS2 ) bioleaching by a strain of the genus Acidiplasma under different conditions (temperature, pH) to evaluate the potential role of Acidiplasma representatives in biooxidation of this sulfide mineral. To compare the role of Acidiplasma archaea in pyrite biooxidation with other acidophilic microorganisms, the experiments were also performed with representatives of othergroups of microorganisms predominant in biohydrometallurgical processes.Pure and mixed cultures of moderately thermophilic acidophilic microorganisms, including strains Acidithiobacillus caldus MBC-1, Sulfobacillusthermosulfidooxidans VKMV 1269T and Acidiplasmasp. MBA-1, were used. The experiments were carried out in flasks with 100 mL of mineral nutrient medium supplemented with 0.02% yeast extract and 1 g of pyrite on a rotary shaker for 20 days. Bioleaching was performed at 45, 55, and 60∘С. The results demonstrated that the representatives of the genus Acidiplasmaprovided a comparatively higher rate of pyrite bioleaching at high temperatures (55 and 60∘C) and low pH of the medium (1.0). Thus, according to the results, strains of thegenus Acidiplasma may provide a high rate of pyrite bioleaching at low levels ofpH. Therefore, the results suggest that archaea of the genus Acidiplasma may be promising microorganisms to improve bioleaching processes with an increase in the operational temperature, which is usually maintained at 40–45∘C in industrial-scale reactors. Keywords: biomining, bioleaching, acidophilic microorganisms, sulfide minerals, pyrite

scholarly journals A PERFORATED MOBILE BREAKWATER FOR FIXED AND FLOATING APPLICATION

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbur Marks
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Front Wall ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Back Wall ◽  
Mooring Lines ◽  
Application Model ◽  
Perforated Breakwater ◽  
Future Work

A mobile breakwater concept based upon a perforated front wall and solid back wall is presented. The principles of energy dissipation by the system is discussed as well as the potential role of such a device within the framework of practical application. Model test results, comparing the perforated breakwater's response to waves with that of a caisson-type breakwater, are discussed. It is shown that the perforated breakwater experiences less force on the structure when it is fixed to the bottom and less force on the mooring lines when afloat than the caisson-type. However, the perforated breakwater is not more effective in reducing waves, for the conditions tested. Visual observations show that scouring is prevalent when the caisson-type is fixed to the bottom; there is no evidence of scouring with the perforated breakwater. Recommendations are made for future work.

Van de redactie

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Principles ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Work Characteristics

Het volgende artikel, getiteld 'Work characteristics and the emergence of a sustainable workforce: do job design principles matter?', is in het Engels geschreven. U zult zich misschien afvragen of Gedrag & Organisatie haar beleid, namelijk om uitsluitend in het Nederlands te publiceren, gaat verlaten. Het antwoord is nee en ja.

Excitation–contraction coupling properties in women with work-related myalgia: a preliminary study

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard J. Green ◽  
Don Ranney ◽  
Margaret Burnett ◽  
Patti Galvin ◽  
Natasha Kyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Excitation Contraction Coupling ◽  
Contraction Coupling ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Coupling Processes ◽  
Extensor Carpi Radialis

We investigated the potential role of selected excitation–contraction coupling processes in females with work-related myalgia (WRM) by comparing WRM with healthy controls (CON) using tissue from extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) and trapezius (TRAP) muscles. For the ECRB, age (mean ± SE) was 29.6 ± 3.5 years for CON (n = 9) and 39.2 ± 2.8 years for WRM (n = 13), while for the TRAP, the values were 26.0 ± 2.1 years for CON (n = 7) and 44.6 ± 2.9 years for WRM (n = 11). For the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the ECRB, WRM displayed concentrations (nmol·(mg protein)−1·min−1) that were lower (P < 0.05) for Total (202 ± 4.4 vs 178 ± 7.1), Basal (34 ± 1.6 vs 30.1 ± 1.3), and maximal Ca2+-ATPase activity (Vmax, 168 ± 4.9 vs 149 ± 6.3), and Ca2+-uptake (5.06 ± 0.31 vs 4.13 ± 0.29), but not SERCA1a and SERCA2a isoforms, by comparison with CON. When age was incorporated as a co-variant, Total, Basal, and Ca2+-uptake remained different from CON (P < 0.05), but not Vmax (P = 0.13). For TRAP, none of the ATPase properties differed between groups (P > 0.05) either before or following adjustment for age. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed between the groups for Ca2+-release in the SR for either TRAP or ECRB. Similarly, no deficiencies, regardless of muscle, were noted for either the Na+–K+-ATPase content or the α and β subunit isoform distribution in WRM. This preliminary study provides a basis for further research, with expanded numbers, investigating the hypothesis that abnormalities in SR Ca2+-regulation are involved in the cellular etiology of WRM.

scholarly journals Natural variation in teosinte at the domestication locus teosinte branched1 (tb1)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vann ◽  
Thomas Kono ◽  
Tanja Pyha ̈j ̈arvi ◽  
Matthew B Hufford ◽  
Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Teosinte Branched1 ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Future Work

Premise of the study: The teosinte branched1 (tb1) gene is a major QTL controlling branching differences between maize and its wild progenitor, teosinte. The insertion of a transposable element (Hopscotch) upstream of tb1 is known to enhance the gene's expression, causing reduced tillering in maize. Observations of the maize tb1 allele in teosinte and estimates of an insertion age of the Hopscotch that predates domestication led us to investigate its prevalence and potential role in teosinte. Methods: Prevalence of the Hopscotch element was assessed across an Americas-wide sample of 837 maize and teosinte individuals using a codominant PCR assay. Population genetic summaries were calculated for a subset of individuals from four teosinte populations in central Mexico. Phenotypic data were also collected using seed from a single teosinte population where Hopscotch was found segregating at high frequency. Key results: Genotyping results indicate the Hopscotch element is found in a number of teosinte populations and linkage disequilibrium near tb1 does not support recent introgression from maize. Population genetic signatures are consistent with selection on this locus revealing a potential ecological role for Hopscotch in teosinte, but a greenhouse experiment does not detect a strong association between tb1 and tillering in teosinte. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the role of Hopscotch differs between maize and teosinte. Future work should assess tb1 expression levels in teosinte with and without the Hopscotch and more comprehensively phenotype teosinte to assess the ecological significance of the Hopscotch insertion and, more broadly, the tb1 locus in teosinte.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Mindfulness, Personality, and National Culture for Construction Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4998
Author(s):  
Tomay Solomon ◽  
Behzad Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Construction Safety ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Additional Safety

The construction industry still leads the world as one of the sectors with the most work-related injuries and worker fatalities. Considering that one of the barriers to improving construction safety is its stressful working environment, which increases risk of inattentiveness among construction workers, safety managers seek practices to measure and enhance worker focus and reduce stress, such as mindfulness. Considering the important role of mindfulness in curbing frequency and severity of incidents, researchers are interested in understanding the relationship between mindfulness and other common, more static human characteristics. As a result, this study examines the relationship between mindfulness and such variables as personality and national culture in the context of construction safety. Collecting data from 155 participants, this study used elastic net regression to examine the influence of independent (i.e., personality and national culture) variables on the dependent (i.e., mindfulness) variable. To validate the results of the regression, 10-fold cross-validation was conducted. The results reveal that certain personality traits (e.g., conscientiousness, neuroticism, and agreeableness) and national cultural dimensions (e.g., uncertainty avoidance, individualism, and collectivism) can be used as predictors of mindfulness for individuals. Since mindfulness has shown to increase safety and work performance, safety managers can utilize these variables to identify at-risk workers so that additional safety training can be provided to enhance work performance and improve safety outcomes. The results of this study will inform future work into translating personal and mindfulness characteristics into factors that predict specific elements of unsafe human behaviors.

scholarly journals Natural variation in teosinte at the domestication locus teosinte branched1 (tb1)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vann ◽  
Thomas Kono ◽  
Tanja Pyhäjärvi ◽  
Matthew B. Hufford ◽  
Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Teosinte Branched1 ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Future Work

The teosinte branched1 (tb1) gene is a major QTL controlling branching differences between maize and its wild progenitor, teosinte. The insertion of a transposable element (Hopscotch) upstream of tb1 is known to enhance the gene’s expression, causing reduced tillering in maize. Observations of the maize tb1 allele in teosinte and estimates of an insertion age of the Hopscotch that predates domestication led us to investigate its prevalence and potential role in teosinte. We assessed the prevalence of the Hopscotch element across an Americas-wide sample of 837 maize and teosinte individuals using a co-dominant PCR assay. Additionally, we calculated population genetic summaries using sequence data from a subset of individuals from four teosinte populations and collected phenotypic data using seed from a single teosinte population where Hopscotch was found segregating at high frequency. Genotyping results indicate the Hopscotch element is found in a number of teosinte populations and linkage disequilibrium near tb1 does not support recent introgression from maize. Population genetic signatures are consistent with selection on the tb1 locus revealing a potential ecological role, but a greenhouse experiment does not detect a strong association between the Hopscotch and tillering in teosinte. Our findings suggest the role of Hopscotch differs between maize and teosinte. Future work should assess tb1 expression levels in teosinte with and without the Hopscotch and more comprehensively phenotype teosinte to assess the ecological significance of the Hopscotch insertion and, more broadly, the tb1 locus in teosinte.

scholarly journals Natural variation in teosinte at the domestication locus teosinte branched1 (tb1)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vann ◽  
Thomas Kono ◽  
Tanja Pyhäjärvi ◽  
Matthew B. Hufford ◽  
Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Teosinte Branched1 ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Future Work

The teosinte branched1 (tb1) gene is a major QTL controlling branching differences between maize and its wild progenitor, teosinte. The insertion of a transposable element (Hopscotch) upstream of tb1 is known to enhance the gene’s expression, causing reduced tillering in maize. Observations of the maize tb1 allele in teosinte and estimates of an insertion age of the Hopscotch that predates domestication led us to investigate its prevalence and potential role in teosinte. We assessed the prevalence of the Hopscotch element across an Americas-wide sample of 837 maize and teosinte individuals using a co-dominant PCR assay. Additionally, we calculated population genetic summaries using sequence data from a subset of individuals from four teosinte populations and collected phenotypic data using seed from a single teosinte population where Hopscotch was found segregating at high frequency. Genotyping results indicate the Hopscotch element is found in a number of teosinte populations and linkage disequilibrium near tb1 does not support recent introgression from maize. Population genetic signatures are consistent with selection on the tb1 locus revealing a potential ecological role, but a greenhouse experiment does not detect a strong association between the Hopscotch and tillering in teosinte. Our findings suggest the role of Hopscotch differs between maize and teosinte. Future work should assess tb1 expression levels in teosinte with and without the Hopscotch and more comprehensively phenotype teosinte to assess the ecological significance of the Hopscotch insertion and, more broadly, the tb1 locus in teosinte.

scholarly journals The Role of Meaningful Work in Employees’ Work-Related and General Well-being

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Van Wingerden ◽  
Joost Van der Stoep
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of meaningful work on employees’ work-related well-being (measured as high levels of work engagement and low levels of burnout) and subsequently on employees’ general well-being (that is happiness). Based on the literature on meaningful work and the job demands-resources theory, we hypothesize that meaningful work has a positive relationship with an employee’s general well-being and that this relation is mediated by both increased levels of work engagement and decreased levels of burnout. In order to test the hypothesized relations, we conducted a bootstrapping analysis using a sample of 1 892 employees working in various organizations and occupations in The Netherlands. The results of the analysis provide support for the hypothesized relations, indicating an important role for meaningful work in the on-going pursuit of well-being at home and at work. The main theoretical, practical, and methodological implications of this study are discussed. 

scholarly journals Yes, We Can! Palestinian-Israeli Teachers in Jewish-Israeli Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
Wurud Jayusi ◽  
Zvi Bekerman
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Acculturation Process

The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the experiences of Palestinian-Israeli minority1 teachers when teaching at majority state Hebrew secular schools in Israel. Specifically, the objective is to describe and analyze the role of the teachers’ work-related experiences in shaping their sense of self-efficacy, job satisfaction, acculturation process, and how all these affect their feelings regarding their potential role in helping break down stereotypes and misconceptions about the Palestinian-Israeli minority. Data were gathered from 15 interviewees, who described their experiences, feelings, and perspectives about their work. Findings indicate that Palestinian-Israeli teachers experience a strong sense of self-efficacy, satisfaction, and positive relationships with students, parents, and colleagues. Participants expressed the belief that their work helps reduce prejudice and increases mutual understanding among the groups in conflict, through successful acculturation, despite some difficulties. It is suggested that stakeholders should strengthen efforts to recruit and retain these teachers, through strong administrative support.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document