scholarly journals Design of PV Modules Including a Layer between Solar Cells and Glass Cover to Increase PV Module Lifetime

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 (19) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
M. Mokhtar ◽  
Wagdy R. ◽  
Mohamed Abouelatta ◽  
A. I.
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules

scholarly journals Exergoeconomic and Enviroeconomic Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules of Different Solar Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Gaur ◽  
G. N. Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The One

The exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic analysis of semitransparent and opaque photovoltaic (PV) modules based on different kinds of solar cells are presented. Annual electricity and net present values have also been computed for the composite climatic conditions of New Delhi, India. Irrespective of the solar cell type, the semitransparent PV modules have shown higher net energy loss rate (Len) and net exergy loss rate (Lex) compared to the opaque ones. Among all types of solar modules, the one based on c-Si, exhibited the minimum Len and Lex. Compared to the opaque ones, the semitransparent PV modules have shown higher CO2 reduction giving higher environmental cost reduction per annum and the highest environmental cost reduction per annum was found for a-Si PV module.

scholarly journals Analysis of the cooling of PV modules with water on their efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Wojciech Luboń ◽  
Mirosław Janowski ◽  
Grzegorz Pełka ◽  
Paweł Reczek
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules

The article presents the results of research on the efficiency of photovoltaic modules cooled by water. The purpose of the experiment was to improve the working conditions of the solar cells. Lowering the cell temperature increases the power generated by the device. The decrease in the temperature of the PV module was obtained by pouring water on the upper surface of the cells, as rain imitation or a water film. The power of the cooled and non-cooled devices were compared. The best results were achieved by cooling cells with a water film since there were no water splashes. The continuous cooling of cells surface causes a 20% increase of device's power. During the test, the non-cooled module reached the maximum power of 172 W, while the cooled one - 205 W. Cooling the module resulted in an increase in power by 33 W. In addition, the temperature of the cells dropped to almost 25°C. At this time, the temperature of the non-cooled module was 45°C. The presented solution may be an interesting proposition for small installations. The solution can also be an alternative for cleaning the modules due to the improvement in the power of the module after the test in terms of their power before.

The Application of Novel Platinum-Reinforced Tin-Silver-Copper Solder to Bifacial Photovoltaic Module for Improvement of Yield and Reliability

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Kim Lo ◽  
Yun Seng Lim ◽  
Mee Chu Wong ◽  
Yee Kai Tian
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solder Joint ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Snagcu Solder ◽  
Silver Copper ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Tin Silver Copper

The characteristics of solder joints between the busbars of solar cells and copper ribbons can affect the performance of a photovoltaic (PV) module significantly. The resistivity of the joints and the intermetallic compound structures within the joints are the two main characteristics that impose a substantial impact on the yield and the reliability of the PV module. In this paper, we aim to present and analyze a novel platinum-reinforced tin-silver-copper (Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu-0.2Pt) as the lead-free solder material to connect copper ribbons to the metallization of bifacial solar cells. The performance of the PV module using platinum-reinforced solder is investigated by constructing two bifacial PV modules using the popular lead-free Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder and Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu-0.2Pt solder, respectively. Micrographs of the joints are obtained to show that the platinum-reinforced solder joint has fewer voids and a more evenly distributed and thinner intermetallic layer than that of a conventional SnAgCu solder joint. As a result, the physical attachment between the busbars and the ribbon using SnAgCuPt solder is stronger than that using SnAgCu solder. The power outputs of both PV modules are measured together with two commercial PV modules under the sun using an IV plotter. The results show that the total energy yield of the bifacial PV module with the new solder is about 6–10% higher than that with the conventional SnAgCu solder. The energy yield of the bifacial PV module using SnAgCuPt solder is 35.8% and 0.2% higher than that of the commercially available monofacial polycrystalline and monocrystalline PV modules, respectively.

Study of PV Module Methylmetacrylate Encapsulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Karabanov ◽  
Yuri Kukhmistrov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Encapsulation Method ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTThe paper deals with the study of PV module encapsulation using liquid methylmetacrylate composition hardened by UV radiation. The solar cells encapsulation method by methylmetacrylate composition in the glass-glass and glass PET-foil constructions of PV modules is investigated. The UV hardening modes of methylmetacrylate composition are investigated and developed. The studied method allows to eliminate heating during encapsulation and reduce the PV module production cost. The new method makes it possible to encapsulate solar cells on any substrates, including easily melted polymeric ones, and also in the glass-glass construction.The structure and technological modes of liquid methylmetacrylate composition hardening during encapsulation have been investigated and selected. PV modules investigation for the resistance to external actions according to IEC61215 standard procedure provided positive results

scholarly journals A Quantitative Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules Using Halved Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Guo ◽  
J. P. Singh ◽  
I. M. Peters ◽  
A. G. Aberle ◽  
T. M. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The Difference

In a silicon wafer-based photovoltaic (PV) module, significant power is lost due to current transport through the ribbons interconnecting neighbour cells. Using halved cells in PV modules is an effective method to reduce the resistive power loss which has already been applied by some major PV manufacturers (Mitsubishi, BP Solar) in their commercial available PV modules. As a consequence, quantitative analysis of PV modules using halved cells is needed. In this paper we investigate theoretically and experimentally the difference between modules made with halved and full-size solar cells. Theoretically, we find an improvement in fill factor of 1.8% absolute and output power of 90 mW for the halved cell minimodule. Experimentally, we find an improvement in fill factor of 1.3% absolute and output power of 60 mW for the halved cell module. Also, we investigate theoretically how this effect confers to the case of large-size modules. It is found that the performance increment of halved cell PV modules is even higher for high-efficiency solar cells. After that, the resistive loss of large-size modules with different interconnection schemes is analysed. Finally, factors influencing the performance and cost of industrial halved cell PV modules are discussed.

scholarly journals The Experimental Performance of an Unglazed PVT Collector with Two Different Absorber Types

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hee Kim ◽  
Jun-Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Experimental Performance ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
Liquid Type

Photovoltaic-thermal collectors combine photovoltaic modules and solar thermal collectors, forming a single device that produces electricity and heat simultaneously. There are two types of liquid-type PVT collectors, depending on the existence or absence of a glass cover over the PV module. The glass-covered (glazed) PVT collector produces relatively more thermal energy but has a lower electrical yield, whereas the uncovered (unglazed) PVT collector has a relatively low thermal energy and somewhat higher electrical performance. The thermal and electrical performance of liquid-type PVT collectors is related not only to the collector design, such as whether a glass cover is used, but also to the absorber design, that is, whether the absorber is for the sheet-and-tube type or the fully wetted type. The design of the absorber, as it comes into contact with the PV modules and the liquid tubes, is regarded as important, as it is related to the heat transfer from the PV modules to the liquid in the tubes. In this paper, the experimental performance of two liquid-type PVT collectors, a sheet-and-tube type and a fully wetted type, was analyzed.

Performansi aktual modul photovoltaik dengan pengarah matahari

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaluddin . ◽  
Baharuddin Mire
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Local Time ◽  
Performance Characteristic ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Pv Modules

Actual performance of photovoltaic module with solar tracking is presented. Solar radiation can be converted into electrical energy using photovoltaic (PV) modules. Performance of polycristalline silicon PV modules with and without solar tracking are investigated experimentally. The PV module with dimension 698 x 518 x 25 mm has maximum power and voltage is 45 Watt and 18 Volt respectively. Based on the experiment data, it is concluded that the performance of PV module with solar tracking increases in the morning and afternoon compared with that of fixed PV module. It increases about 18 % in the morning from 10:00 to 12:00 and in the afternoon from 13:30 to 14:00 (local time). This study also shows the daily performance characteristic of the two PV modules. Using PV module with solar tracking provides a better performance than fixed PV module. 

Modeling and experimental investigation of dust effect on glass cover PV module with fixed and tracking system under semi-arid climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 111219
Author(s):  
Alae Azouzoute ◽  
Charaf Hajjaj ◽  
Houssain Zitouni ◽  
Massaab El Ydrissi ◽  
Oumaima Mertah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Dust Effect ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals A Simple Mismatch Mitigating Partial Power Processing Converter for Solar PV Modules

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series

Partial shading affects the energy harvested from photovoltaic (PV) modules, leading to a mismatch in PV systems and causing energy losses. For this purpose, differential power processing (DPP) converters are the emerging power electronic-based topologies used to address the mismatch issues. Normally, PV modules are connected in series and DPP converters are used to extract the power from these PV modules by only processing the fraction of power called mismatched power. In this work, a switched-capacitor-inductor (SCL)-based DPP converter is presented, which mitigates the non-ideal conditions in solar PV systems. A proposed SCL-based DPP technique utilizes a simple control strategy to extract the maximum power from the partially shaded PV modules by only processing a fraction of the power. Furthermore, an operational principle and loss analysis for the proposed converter is presented. The proposed topology is examined and compared with the traditional bypass diode technique through simulations and experimental tests. The efficiency of the proposed DPP is validated by the experiment and simulation. The results demonstrate the performance in terms of higher energy yield without bypassing the low-producing PV module by using a simple control. The results indicate that achieved efficiency is higher than 98% under severe mismatch (higher than 50%).

scholarly journals Migration of Sn and Pb from Solder Ribbon onto Ag Fingers in Field-Aged Silicon Photovoltaic Modules

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonwook Oh ◽  
Seongtak Kim ◽  
Soohyun Bae ◽  
Nochang Park ◽  
Sung-Il Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Si Solar Cells ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Moisture Condensation ◽  
Acceleration Test ◽  
Light Induced Plating

We investigated the migration of Sn and Pb onto the Ag fingers of crystalline Si solar cells in photovoltaic modules aged in field for 6 years. Layers of Sn and Pb were found on the Ag fingers down to the edge of the solar cells. This phenomenon is not observed in a standard acceleration test condition for PV modules. In contrast to the acceleration test conditions, field aging subjects the PV modules to solar irradiation and moisture condensation at the interface between the solar cells and the encapsulant. The solder ribbon releases Sn and Pb via repeated galvanic corrosion and the Sn and Pb precipitate on Ag fingers due to the light-induced plating under solar irradiation.

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