Ammonia converter Simulation and Optimization Based on an Innovative Correlation for (KP) Prediction

In this paper, the simulation and optimization of an industrial ammonia synthesis reactor is illustrated. The converter under study is of a vertical design, equipped with three radial-flow catalyst beds with inter-stage cooling and two quenching points. For building the model, a modified kinetic equation of ammonia synthesis reaction, based on Temkin- Pyzhev equation and an innovative correlation for (KP) prediction, was developed in suitable form for the implementation in Aspen HYSYS plug flow reactor using the spreadsheet embedded in the software with the introduction of some invented simulation techniques. A new parameter, which is a function of (T, P and α), was introduced into the reaction rate equation to account for the variation of KP with pressure. The simulation model is able to describe the converter behavior with acceptable accuracy. A case study was done, using Aspen HYSYS Optimizer, illustrated the optimum reactor temperature profile, after 12 years of operation, to achieve maximum production. The result predicts an increase of 8 tons ammonia per day accompanied with an increase of steam production of 12 tons per day.

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Efficient Production of Light Olefin Based on Methanol Dehydration: Simulation and Design Improvement

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207323666200720104614 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Author(s):

S. Majid Abdoli ◽

Mahsa Kianinia

Keyword(s):

Dimethyl Ether ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

New Technology ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Light Olefins ◽

Efficient Production ◽

Actual Process ◽

Light Olefin ◽

Aspen Hysys ◽

Improved Design

Background: Ethylene, propylene, and butylene as light olefins are the most important intermediates in the petrochemical industry worldwide. Methanol to olefins (MTO) process is a new technology based on catalytic cracking to produce ethylene and propylene from methanol. Aims and Objective: This study aims to simulate the process of producing ethylene from methanol by using Aspen HYSYS software from the initial design to the improved design. Methods: Ethylene is produced in a two-step reaction. In an equilibrium reactor, the methanol is converted to dimethyl ether by an equilibrium reaction. The conversion of the produced dimethyl ether to ethylene is done in a conversion reactor. Changes have been made to improve the conditions and get closer to the actual process design done in the industry. The plug flow reactor has been replaced by the equilibrium reactor, and the distillation column was employed to separate the dimethyl ether produced from the reactor. Result and Conclusion: The effect of the various parameters on the ethylene production was investigated. Eventually, ethylene is

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Comparison of Raschig Ring Packing Pattern via Mean Resident Time using CFD Particle Tracing Technique: Dry Methane Reforming for Case Study

10.20944/preprints201810.0077.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Nattaporn Chutichairattanaphum ◽

Phavanee Narataruksa ◽

Karn Pana-Suppamassadu ◽

Sabaithip Tungkamani ◽

Chaiwat Prapainainar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Reactor ◽

Flow Behavior ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Tubular Reactor ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Methane Reforming ◽

Particle Tracing ◽

Raschig Ring ◽

Resident Time

This paper aims to study the effect of raschig ring packing patterns using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). CFD module of particle tracing was established to measure particles diffusing through the packed bed. The support raschigs catalyst was modeled in three patterns within a tubular reactor – namely, vertical staggered, chessboard staggered and reciprocal staggered pattern. A case study of Dry Methane Reforming (DMR) was investigated at 600°C, 1 atm. The study of Mean Resident Time (MRT) and E(t) function were investigated to identify the packing pattern performance. The results showed that the minimum value of the E(t), which means the flow behavior, was close to ideal plug flow behavior. MRT can be used to systematically identify the deviation from the ideal plug flow reactor of the three different packing patterns.

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Hydrogen Production Using Autothermal Reforming of Biodiesel and Other Hydrocarbons for Fuel Cell Applications

Solar Energy ◽

10.1115/isec2006-99018 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jose´ A. Colucci

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Engineering ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

National Laboratory ◽

Coke Formation ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Argonne National Laboratory ◽

Future Research ◽

Catalyst Characterization ◽

Reactor Temperature

The department of Chemical Engineering of the University of Puerto Rico (UPRM) in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) works in the development of a reforming catalyst characterization program. The purpose of this research is to study the viability of using new catalysts to convert Biodiesel, Glycerin and Methanol to a hydrogen rich product gas and compare their production potential, identify the conditions for the accumulation of coke and determine the influence of reactor temperature and water to carbon and oxygen to carbon ratios. A Basket Stirred Tank Reactor (BSTR), Plug Flow Reactor (PFR), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS) and Gas Chromatography Thermal Conductivity Detector (GCTCD), and Pt and Rh-based catalysts synthesized at ANL were used. During the preliminary ATR experiments, methanol, glycerol and biodiesel showed an increase in H2 production with decreasing O2/C ratio and increases in the reactor temperature. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and EDAX analysis has been performed in some of the catalysts samples. All biodiesel and glycerol experiments performed had shown coke formation. Future research will include, experiments with bio-ethanol and methane as fuel using a Ni-based catalyst synthesized at ANL.

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SIMULATION AND ECONOMIC TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF LEVULINIC ACID PRODUCTION FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE

Engevista ◽

10.22409/engevista.v19i1.811 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 236

Author(s):

Helenize Gaudereto ◽

LUCAS CABRAL ◽

FABIO RODRIGUES

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Levulinic Acid ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Flow Diagram ◽

Process Flow Diagram ◽

Aspen Hysys ◽

Payback Time

The increasing energy demand in contrast to the difficulties encountered in obtaining fossil fuels, threatens the productivity of modern industry. In this context, the use of bagasse derived from sugarcane mills may represent not only an environmental alternative, as a source of capital, both in power generation, as in the production of chemical intermediates. The Brazil in particular is highlighted in the production of sugarcane, bagasse being an abundant and inexpensive waste. Thus, the present work deals with one of the alternative to its use: the generation of levulinic acid from the acid hydrolysis. Thus, a kinetic study was performed to find the best for this production. The reaction studied showed low residence time (8.5 s) and high conversion of cellulose (99.9%). The optimum conditions Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) operation were 150 ° C at a concentration of sulfuric acid 0.55 mol / L. Process flow diagram (PFD) was developed and mass and energy balance was performed using Aspen Hysys software. It was obtained then the levulinic acid with 99% purity and a favorable economic analysis, with a return rate of 25.3% per year, and a payback time of 2.5 years.

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A stochastic model for two-station hydraulics exhibiting transient impact

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0156 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. L. Jacobsen ◽

H. Madsen ◽

P. Harremoès

Keyword(s):

Parameter Estimation ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Deterministic Model ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Stochastic Methods ◽

Sewer System ◽

Statistical Tool ◽

Water Level Variation ◽

Deterministic Description ◽

Linear Reservoir

The objective of the paper is to interpret data on water level variation in a river affected by overflow from a sewer system during rain. The simplest possible, hydraulic description is combined with stochastic methods for data analysis and model parameter estimation. This combination of deterministic and stochastic interpretation is called grey box modelling. As a deterministic description the linear reservoir approximation is used. A series of linear reservoirs in sufficient number will approximate a plug flow reactor. The choice of number is an empirical expression of the longitudinal dispersion in the river. This approximation is expected to be a sufficiently good approximation as a tool for the ultimate aim: the description of pollutant transport in the river. The grey box modelling involves a statistical tool for estimation of the parameters in the deterministic model. The advantage is that the parameters have physical meaning, as opposed to many other statistically estimated, empirical parameters. The identifiability of each parameter, the uncertainty of the parameter estimation and the overall uncertainty of the simulation are determined.

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PLUG-FLOW REACTOR-BASED ANTIBIOTIC AND NUTRIENT REMOVAL BY VETIVER GRASS (CHRYSOPOGON ZIZANIOIDES)

10.1130/abs/2020am-358630 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dibyendu Sarkar ◽

◽

Saumik Panja ◽

Rupali Datta

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Removal ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Plug Flow Reactor ◽

Vetiver Grass ◽

Chrysopogon Zizanioides

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Enhancing Fenton-like oxidation of crystal violet over Fe/ZSM-5 in a plug flow reactor

Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis ◽

10.1007/s11144-021-02001-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Modarresi-Motlagh ◽

Fatemeh Bahadori ◽

Mohammad Ghadiri ◽

Arash Afghan

Keyword(s):

Crystal Violet ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Plug Flow Reactor

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The Effect of Mg and Zn Dopants on Pt/Al2O3 for the Dehydrogenation of Perhydrodibenzyltoluene

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11040490 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 490

Author(s):

Rudaviro Garidzirai ◽

Phillimon Modisha ◽

Innocent Shuro ◽

Jacobus Visagie ◽

Pieter van Helden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

X Ray ◽

Temperature Programmed

The effects of Mg and Zn dopants on the catalytic performance of Pt/Al2O3 catalyst were investigated for dehydrogenation of perhydrodibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT) as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier. Al2O3 supports were modified with Mg and Zn to produce Mg-Al2O3 and Zn-Al2O3 with a target loading of 3.8 wt.% for dopants. The modified supports were impregnated with chloroplatinic acid solution to produce the catalysts Pt/Al2O3, Pt/Mg-Al2O3 and Pt/Zn-Al2O3 of 0.5 wt.% Pt loading. Thereafter, the catalysts were characterised using inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, carbon-monoxide pulse chemisorption, ammonia temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The dehydrogenation experiments were performed using a horizontal plug flow reactor system and the catalyst time-on-stream was 22 h. Pt/Mg-Al2O3 showed the highest average hydrogen flowrate of 29 nL/h, while an average of 27 nL/h was obtained for both Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/Zn-Al2O3. This has resulted in a hydrogen yield of 80% for Pt/Mg-Al2O3, 71% for Pt/Zn-Al2O3 and 73% for Pt/Al2O3. In addition, the conversion of H18-DBT ranges from 99% to 92%, Pt 97–90% and 96–90% for Pt/Mg-Al2O3, Pt/Zn-Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3, respectively. Following the latter catalyst order, the selectivity to dibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT) ranges from 78% to 57%, 75–51% and 71–45%. Therefore, Pt/Mg-Al2O3 showed improved catalytic performance towards dehydrogenation of H18-DBT.

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ASU Simulation in Separating Air Components by Refrigeration Distillation (Oxygen and Nitrogen) Using ASPEN HYSYS (Case Study: SIAD Company)

Chemical Product and Process Modeling ◽

10.1515/cppm-2019-0085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Afshar Alihosseini

Keyword(s):

Cooling Capacity ◽

Air Separation ◽

Cooling Power ◽

Distillation Tower ◽

Aspen Hysys ◽

Expansion Turbine ◽

Gas Products ◽

Utility Services ◽

Petrochemical Industries

AbstractCurrently, air separation units (ASUs) have become very important in various industries, particularly oil and petrochemical industries which provide feed and utility services (oxygen, nitrogen, etc.). In this study, a new industrial ASU was evaluated by collecting operational and process information needed by the simulator by means of HYSYS software (ASPEN-ONE). The results obtained from this simulator were analyzed by ASU data and its error rate was calculated. In this research, the simulation of ASU performance was done in the presence of an expansion turbine in order to provide pressure inside the air distillation tower. Likewise, the cooling capacity of the cooling compartment and the data were analysed. The results indicated that expansion turbine is costly effective. Notably, it not only reduces the energy needed to compress air and supply power of the equipment, but also provides more cooling power and reduces air temperature. Moreover, turbines also increase the concentration of lighter gas products, namely nitrogen.

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