scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-ADHERENCE TO HEPATITIS B VIRUS ANTIVIRAL THERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2065-69
Author(s):  
Anum Khan ◽  
Asif Farooq ◽  
Abdul Rehman Arshad ◽  
Farrukh Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Dosing Schedule ◽  
Drug Dosing ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Fixed Drug

Objective: To assess the adherence to antivirals in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infected patients and to determine various social and demographic factors which can have an impact on it. Study Design: Cross- sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan to Mar 2019. Methodology: Patients on oral anti-viral agents for hepatitis B virus infection were enrolled from outdoor clinics using consecutive sampling technique. Medication adherence was assessed using the 4-item Modified Morisky Score Questionnaire. Data was also collected about different variables that could potentially affect compliance, such as age, gender, education, residence, total number of pills prescribed for each day, travelling time to hospital, attendant’s company, adverse effects of treatment, presence of co-morbid conditions, patients’ knowledge regarding importance of adherence and whether they followed any particular routine in taking medicines. Results: There were 127 patients having mean age of 47.80 ± 14.54 years. Out of these, 20 (15.75%) were not adherent to treatment. Patients not following a fixed drug-dosing schedule, patients not aware of the significance of good drug compliance and residents of urban areas were more likely to have lesser compliance to treatment. Conclusion: Majority of our patients were compliant to treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection. This was more likely to be the case amongst those following a fixed drug-dosing schedule, having an awareness of significance of adherence to medication and residents of rural areas.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus in Rural and Urban Areas in Togo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banfitebiyi Gambogou ◽  
Holaly E. Gbekley ◽  
Mabrouka Bouacha
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Urban Zone ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Prevalence

Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a public health problem in many parts of the world, due to its frequency, complications and socio-economic consequences. This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in rural areas and in urban areas. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of HBV infection from 2015-2018 at CHR-Sokodé and USP of Ogaro. Biological data of 3000 participants (500 per year in each zone) enrolled and results of HBsAg were assessed during the study period. Female are represented 60% with average age comprised between [20, 29] years old. The high rate of participants enrolled (45.10%) are come for the monitoring of pregnancy. The prevalence of VHB during the study are 20.33% (610/3000), high prevalence (6.27%) and the means of VHB prevalence are shown in the age range between [30; 39] with 12.17% (365/3000) of female and 8.17% (235/3000) of male are positive after diagnostic detection of HBsAg (antigen of Hepatitis B virus). The prevalence of HBV in rural zone (Ogaro) are 5.23% and 15.07% in urban zone (Sokodé) and the high prevalence (17.50%) are shown in urban zone. The high prevalence of young suggests that some effort will be due to sensibilized young for HBV sexual transmission and the way of prevention. In addition, some research would be done in research of alternative therapy against this infection.

scholarly journals THE RISK OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA ON PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS D (2012-2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Irina Dinu ◽  
◽  
Mihai Voiculescu ◽  
Andreea Radasan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
B Virus

Introduction. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver cancer (90%), the 5th neoplasia in terms of incidence and the 3rd mortality cause worldwide (1). This increased mortality is the consequence of diagnosis in an advanced state and of the fact that most HCC develop based on a chronic hepatic pathology. In Romania, around 7% of the population is affected by chronic hepatitis B, the incidence of this disease being increased in urban areas (2). The sooner the hepatitis B virus infection occurs in life, the higher the probability is, for this to become chronic and to lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer. Hepatitis D only occurs among people who are infected with the Hepatitis B virus because HDV is an incomplete virus that requires the helper function of HBV to replicate. Objective of the study. The main purpose of the surveillance and/or screening is to decrease mortality and morbidity by means of liver cancer for patients diagnosed with hepatitis B and hepatitis D. Matherial and methods. The study was conducted on a number of 102 patients diagnosed with viral hepatitis (HBV, HDV+HBV) admitted at the “Fundeni” Hospital, Bucharest, between 2012-2015. Two batches of patients were taken into account (patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis D). The viral load and chosen treatment were clinically, biochemically and imagistically evaluated. Results. We have noticed a significant increase in patients diagnosed with hepatitis B and D. The existence of the hepatitis D infection in patients diagnosed with hepatitis B significantly increases the occurence potential of liver cancer. The hepatic destruction degree by means of cirrhotic liver occurence respectively hepatic cirrhosisis much higher for patients diagnosed with hepatitis D. Conclusions. The close monitoring of the patients in this research program brings real benefit for the prevention of liver cancer and diagnosing it early, having a much better prognosis on the quality of life.

scholarly journals Differential spatial distribution of hepatitis B virus by ethnicity in British Columbia, Canada: Expanded role of a large administrative cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Butt ◽  
Naveed Janjua ◽  
Stanley Wong ◽  
Amanda Yu ◽  
Maria Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Metro Vancouver ◽  
B Virus

IntroductionMost chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in Canada are diagnosed among immigrants from endemic countries and lack traditional risk factors while most acute infections are usually diagnosed in Caucasian population with co-occurring risk factors. Thus, understanding geographical distribution of HBV infection by ethnicity could inform screening and care strategies. Objectives and ApproachWe identified geographic clusters of HBV infection in British Columbia by ethnicity during the years 1990-2015 using the BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort (BC-HTC). The BC-HTC includes ~1.7 million individuals tested for HCV or HIV at the BC Public Health Laboratory or reported as a case of HCV, HIV, or HBV linked to healthcare administrative databases. We plotted maps of HBV diagnoses (acute and chronic) rate at the Dissemination Area level between 1990-2015 stratified by ethnicity and compared this distribution with injection drug use (IDU) distribution in BC. ResultsThe distribution of HBV varied considerably by ethnicity. From 1990 to 2015, a higher rate of HBV infection was found among East Asians and Caucasians followed by South Asians and other ethnicities. East Asians with highest rates were mainly concentrated in Vancouver city, Burnaby and Richmond (Metro Vancouver) while South Asians with highest rates were mostly concentrated in urban areas in Surrey and Abbotsford. Caucasians with higher rates were clustered in Downtown Eastside in Vancouver, Surrey and Abbotsford (Metro Vancouver) and urban areas in Greater Victoria (Vancouver Island), Prince George (Northern BC) and Kamloops (Interior BC). The distribution of IDU closely followed the distribution of HBV among Caucasians but did not align with other ethnic groups. Conclusion/ImplicationsResults highlight distinct areas of HBV infection clustering by ethnicity, which differ from areas with high IDU distribution except in Caucasians. Findings support ethnicity-based HBV screening/prevention and care services to areas with immigrants from HBV-endemic countries and integrated HBV and harm reduction services for early diagnosis and treatment in Caucasians.

Hepatitis B virus prevalence in rural areas in south-west Chad

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Suesstrunk ◽  
Fédéric Berniba Djongali
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Based ◽  
South West ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hbv Prevalence ◽  
Hepatitis B Antigen ◽  
Age Range

In Chad, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is thought to have a high prevalence and is consequently responsible for numerous acute and long-term complications. It is often detected during screening in potential blood donors. However, no general population-based study on the prevalence of hepatitis B has been performed. The aim of this study was to gain an impression of the HBV prevalence in rural areas in south-west Chad. A total of 1309 individuals (745 boys/men, 564 girls/women) with a median age of 15 years (age range, 6–81 years) were screened for the presence of the hepatitis B antigen (HBsAG). We found an overall prevalence of 22.9%. The youngest age group (6–15 years) and the boys/men showed a significantly higher HBsAG prevalence compared to the older groups and the girls/women, respectively ( P < 0.01). Vertical infection during birth and horizontal infection by sharing food, water and shelter are believed to be the main sources of infection.

scholarly journals The prevalence of hepatitis B infection amongst urban and rural populations in Western Samoa

1981 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Gust ◽  
M. Dimitrakakis ◽  
S. Faaiuso ◽  
J. Ainuu ◽  
P. Zimmet
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Core Antigen ◽  
Rural Dwellers

SUMMARYA group of 240 urban and 200 rural dwellers in Western Samoa over the age of 20 years was studied for serological evidence of current or past infection with heptatitis B virus (HBV). Overall, 5·5% of subjects were found to be currently infected with HBV and a further 74·5% showed detectable levels of antibody. Antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen was found to be a better marker of past infection than antibody to the surface antigen of the virus. Both the infection rate and carrier rate were higher in males than females and subjects living in rural areas were more likely to be infected than those living in urban areas.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus infection in general population in Madagascar: evidence for different epidemiological patterns in urban and in rural areas

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Boisier ◽  
L. Rabarijaona ◽  
M. Piollet ◽  
J. F. Roux ◽  
H. G. Zeller
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Postnatal Transmission ◽  
Hbv Markers ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

SummaryTo describe the features of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Madagascar, a randomized sero-epidemiological survey was undertaken in the general population ≥ 1 year old of two provinces which represents 45% of the total population. In the 921 sera tested, the prevalence of HBV markers was 20·5% for HBsAg, 38·2% for anti-HBc and 6·9% for HBeAg. HBsAg and anti-HBc prevalence rates were significantly higher in males. A large difference in HBsAg prevalence was observed between urban (5·3%) and rural areas (26·0%). The same contrast in prevalence was noticed for the other HBV markers. In rural areas, HBV infection was more frequently acquired early in infancy, which suggests predominantly perinatal or postnatal transmission. The presence of HBV markers was not significantly associated with a history of blood transfusion, surgery or parenteral injection. High infectivity carriers represented 5·3% and the overall frequency of chronic carriers was 10·4%. These results place Madagascar among areas of high endemicity.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in rural areas of the southwestern region of Turkey

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusun Zeynep Akcam ◽  
Ersin Uskun ◽  
Kemal Avsar ◽  
Yildiran Songur
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Knowledge, awareness and practices related to Hepatitis-B infection and vaccine among general population in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3089
Author(s):  
Zoha Abdullah ◽  
Priya Prathiyumannan ◽  
Rajameena Mani ◽  
Rajanila Marimuthu ◽  
Rashmina Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Difference

Background: In India, 1,50,000 deaths are reported annually and 60 million people are affected due to Hepatitis B virus. For any government prevention programs to succeed, community awareness and participation is vital. Therefore, this study sought to assess the knowledge and awareness of hepatitis-B virus and vaccination among general population in rural areas. We also assessed the practices related to the hepatitis B vaccination.Methods: We conducted a house to house survey in villages of Chengalpattu district. A total of 323 participants agreed to participate in the survey. A 22 item questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software. Independent t test was used to assess the difference in responses based on the independent variables. Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the association between the level of knowledge, awareness and practice scores.Results: A total of 323 participants agreed to participate in the survey. Nearly, 87.9% had never heard about hepatitis B. The awareness of a vaccine for hepatitis B among the study subjects was 6.5%. Higher knowledge, awareness and practice were found among those with higher education and working professionals (p<0.05). Knowledge, awareness and practice were positively correlated (p<0.005).Conclusions: It can be concluded that the levels of knowledge, awareness and practice in the rural population of Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu were marginally low. Extensive awareness and prevention programs related to Hepatitis B virus and its vaccine should be conducted targeting high risk populations. 

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