scholarly journals Efficacy of Inhaled Salbutamol in the Management of Transient Tachypnoea of Newborn

Esculapio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (03, july 2020-Septmber 2020) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaukat Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Arslan ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab ◽  
Isfand Yar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Inhaled Salbutamol

Objective: To compare the outcome of salbutamol nebulization with controls (normal saline) in transient tachypnea of newborn. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial 284 (142 in each group) neonates were included with gestational age above 35 weeks of any gender. Study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi. Sampling technique was consecutive non probability sampling. Duration of study was 6 months. Sample size had been calculated using WHO calculator; Significance level 5%, Power of test 80%, Population mean 5.4, Test value of population mean 4.8, Standard Deviation 1.8. At admission complete blood picture, C-reactive protein and chest x-ray were done. Group-1 received salbutamol nebulization at a dose of 0.15mg / kg / dose for 10 minutes in 2ml normal saline QID while Group-2 received only normal saline nebulization 2ml QID in 24 hours. Double blinding was ensured and in case of any side effects of salbutamol (tachycardia, arrhythmias and hypoglycemia) treatment was stopped immediately and managed accordingly. Results: In this study, comparison of outcome of inhaled salbutamol with controls in transient tachypnea of newborn shows that respiratory rate per minute was 50.15+2.34 in Group-1 and 64.92+2.70 in Group-2, p value was 0.0001, heart rate per minute in Group-1 was recorded as 120.08+2.36 and 134.79+3.27 in Group- 2, p value was 0.0001, oxygen saturation(%) was 97.27+0.92 in Group-1 and 83.28+1.81 in Group-2, p value was 0.0001, duration of oxygen therapy(hours) was recorded as 15.49+1.84 in Group-1 and 27.78+5.57 in Group-2, value of p was 0.0001, duration of hospitalization(days) was recorded as 2.03+0.45 in Group-1 and 5.07+0.72 in Group-2 while value of P was 0.0001 Conclusion: Salbutamol Nebulization is more effective than normal saline in TTN. Key Words: Transient Tachypnea of newborn, management, inhaled salbutamol, outcome.

scholarly journals A study to assess the macular thickness and visual outcome before and after cataract surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Salwan ◽  
Shakeen Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
P Value ◽  
Small Incision Cataract Surgery ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Cystoid macular edema (CME) is the formation of fluid-filled cystoid spaces between the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layers of the retina. It may present as a complication of routine cataract surgery including phacoemulsification (PHACO) and small incision cataract surgery (SICS).Methods: An observational study of uncomplicated cataract surgery with assessment by ophthalmoscopy, slit Lamp, Snellen chart and OCT during pre- and post-operative period. 100 patients were selected by inclusion criteria and using convenient sampling technique and were divided into two groups of 50 each in PHACO and SICS groups.Results: During preoperative observation in SICS/group-1, mean value and SD of macular thickness was 223.38±12.61 and in PHACO/group-2 it was 224.14±12.69. Mean value, mean difference and p value of visual acuity in group 1 was 0.258, during 12 weeks 0.788 with mean difference -0.53 and p=0.000 and in group 2 it was 0.269, during 12 weeks 0.844 with mean difference -0.58 and p=0.000. Mean value, SD, mean difference and p value of macular thickness in SICS during 1 week was 238.28±12.29, during 12 weeks 227.04±12.58 with mean difference 11.24000 and p=0.000 and in PHACO mean value, SD, mean difference with p value during 1 week was 231.90±12.42, during 12 weeks was 225.02±11.74 with mean difference 6.88000 and p=0.000.Conclusions: A subclinical increase in post-operative macular thickness was recorded which returned nearly to baseline values during the 12 weeks follow up and did not affect visual outcome.

scholarly journals Compare frequency of wound infection with ceftriaxone versus amoxicillin in females undergoing C section

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1607-1609
Author(s):  
Aneeqa Ilyas ◽  
Bilal Rafique Malik ◽  
Rehan Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Trial Setting ◽  
Group 1

Background:Post-caesarean wound infection is a frightful complication of cesarean delivery and increase burden on health care system. Prevention of post-cesarean wound infection must be the priority in any healthcare center in developing countries. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic often used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Aim: To compare the frequency of wound infection with ceftriaxone versus amoxicillin in females undergoing cesarean section at term Study design: Randomized Controlled Trial Setting & duration: Department of Medicine and Gynecology, SIMS, Lahore from 01-07-2020 to 31-12- 2020. Methods: After fulfilling the selection criteria, 250 females were enrolled and were divided randomly into two equal groups. Group 1 was given intravenous amoxicillin and group 2 was given intravenous ceftriaxone. Then cesarean was done under spinal anesthesia. Post-op wound infection was noted in all the females. The data was analyzed in SPSS. Results: The mean age of the females of amoxicillin group was 28.09±6.01 years whereas the mean age of the ceftriaxone group females was 29.38 ± 6.41 years. The mean gestational age of the females in amoxicillin group was 38.98 ± 0.85 weeks whereas the mean gestational age in ceftriaxone group was 38.94±0.79 weeks. The mean BMI of the females in amoxicillin group was 26.58 ± 6.27 kg/m2 whereas the mean BMI in ceftriaxone group was 29.32±6.36kg/m2. The post-cesarean wound infection was found in 2(1.6%) females in amoxicillin group while in 8(6.4%) females in ceftriaxone group. This difference was statistically insignificant i.e. p-value=0.0.053. Conclusion: The amoxicillin is more effective from prevention of post-op wound infection than to ceftriaxone in females underwent cesarean section. Keywords: Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, cesarean section, post-cesarean wound infection

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF COTTON BUD INDUCED OTITIS EXTERNA BY UNIQUE METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S448-51
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir Bukhari ◽  
Sohail Aslam ◽  
Naeem Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Waqas Ayub ◽  
Irfan Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To compare the recovery of patients in both groups having acute otitis externa induced by cotton buds/various objects. One group by old method and second group by unique method. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Karachi, from Jan to Dec 2020. Methodology: Non-probability convenience sampling technique was applied. Out of 50 cases were selected for group 1 management. Fifty cases were selected for group 2 management. A chi-square test was applied to compare the recovery of two groups of patients on the 14th day and 42nd day of follow-up. p-value was kept 0.05 as significant. Results: A total of 100 cases were treated in 2 groups. The gender distribution of the study was 54 females and 46 males. The mean age of the study population was 33.09 ± 12.93 years. p-value was calculated on the 14th day and 42nd days. A 2x2 table of 14th follow up day showed recovery by both groups with a p-value of 0.041 which is <0.05. This showed that group 2 management was statistically better than group 1 management. Conclusion: The second group was managed with eardrops containing Betamethasone and Neomycin. This management protocol is unique and better than conventional management as done in the first group.

scholarly journals On Whether Therapeutic Plasma Exchange is Effective Against Severe/Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Cegolon ◽  
Behzad Einollahi ◽  
Sina Imanizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rezapour ◽  
Mohammad Javanbakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background. There is a risk of novel mutations of SARS-CoV-2 that may render COVID-19 resistant to most of the therapies, including antiviral drugs. The evidence around the application of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for the management of critically ill COVID-19 patients is still provisional and further investigations are needed to confirm its eventual beneficial effects. Methods. We therefore carried out a single-centered retrospective observational non-placebo-controlled trial enrolling 73 inpatients from Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran (Iran) with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs and high-resolution computerized tomography chest scan. These patients were broken down into two groups: Group 1 (30 patients) receiving standard of care (corticosteroids, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, pantoprazole, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir); and Group 2 (43 patients) receiving the above regimen plus TPE (replacing 2 liter of patients’ plasma by a solution, 50% of normal plasma and 50% of albumin at 5%) administered according to various time schedules. The follow-up time was 30 days and all-cause mortality was the endpoint. Results. Deaths were 6 (14%) in Group 2 and 14 (47%) in Group 1. However, different harmful risk factors prevailed among patients not receiving TPE rather than being equally split between the intervention and control group. We used an algorithm of Structural Equation Modeling (of STATA) to summarize a large pool of potential confounders into a single score (called with the descriptive name “severity”). Disease severity was significantly (Wilkinson rank sum test p-value=0.0000) lower among COVID-19 patients undergoing TPE (median: -2.82; range: -5.18; 7.96) as compared to those non receiving TPE (median: -1.35; range: -3.89; 8.84), confirming that treatment assignment involved a selection bias of patients according to the severity of COVID-19 at hospital admission. The adjustment for confounding was carried out using severity as covariate in Cox regression models. The univariate Hazard Ratio (HR) of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.26; 1.80; p=0.441) for TPE turned to 1.19 (95%CI: 0.43; 3.29; p=0.741) after adjusting for severity. Conclusions. The lower mortality observed among patients receiving TPE was due to a lower severity of COVID-19 rather than TPE effects. TRIAL REGISTRATIONIRCT registration number: IRCT20080901001165N58 (Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials)Registration date: 2020-05-27, 1399/03/07 (retrospectively registered)

Novel Adjuvant Therapy with Zinc Supplementation in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shawky Elfarargy ◽  
Ghada M Al-Ashmawy ◽  
Sally Abu-Risha ◽  
Haidy Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Neonatal Respiratory Distress ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common dangerous chest problem that is caused by a lack of surfactant. Aim: The aim of this study was to show the role of zinc as an adjuvant anti-inflammatory therapy in neonatal RDS. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) study was done on 90 neonates suffering from respiratory distress (RD) who had been diagnosed as RDS. The included neonates were classified into two groups: group 1, which received Zinc (Zn) supplementation, and group 2, which received a placebo. Down score, grades of RDS Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) andInterleukin-8 (IL-8) were estimated on the 1st and 5th day in the presence of incubators. Results: There were statistically significant differences (SSD) in grades of RDS, Down score, MDA, SOD and IL-8 on the 5th day between group 1 and 2(p = 0.001), and between 1st and 5th day in group 1 (p = 0.001) in the presence of an incubator. There was an SSD between groups 1 and 2 in the duration of hospitalization (p = 0.001) and the number of cases that needed mechanical ventilation (MV) (p = 0.049). Conclusion: Zn supplementation is associated with clinical and laboratory improvement in cases of neonatal RDS. Recommendation: Zn supplementation for RDS neonates.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Pengaruh Metode Latihan Pliometrik Side Hop dan Barrier Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Tendangan Jauh Dalam Permainan Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Usia 11-13 Tahun SSB Zettle Meyer Karanganyar Tahun 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Thoha Isma Pratama ◽  
Herywansyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the difference in the effect of side hop and barrier hops plyometric training on the long kick ability of male athletes aged 11-13 years old SSB Zettle Meyer Karanganyar in 2020. (2) to determine which exercises had a better effect. against the long kick ability of male athletes aged 11-13 years SSB Zettle Meyer Karanganyar in 2020. The research method used was an experimental method with a pretest-protest design. The population in this study were male athletes aged 11-13 years SSB Zettle Meyer Karanganyar in 2020, totaling 30 athletes, with the sampling technique used was Total Sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, namely group 1 as many as 15 athletes, received side hop plyometric training treatment and group 2 as many as 15 athletes, received barrier hops plyometric training treatment. The data collection technique was carried out by tests and measurements using the long pass test instructions. The data analysis technique was carried out by statistical analysis using the t test at a significance level of 5%. To meet the assumptions of the research results, the analysis requirements test was carried out, namely the normality test, homogeneity test, difference test and percentage increase. Based on the results of data analysis, this study produces the following conclusions: (1) There is a significant difference in the effect between side hop and barrier hops plyometric exercises. This is evidenced by the results of the calculation of the final test for each group, namely tcount = 2.880 is greater than the t table = 2.145 with a significance level of 5%. (2) side hop plyometric exercise has a better effect than barrier hops, as seen from the results of the percentage of long kick ability which shows that group 1 is 22.19%> group 2 is 7.22%.

scholarly journals Comparison of post-tonsillectomy pain by using tramadol, lignocaine with adrenaline and normal saline swab in tonsillar fossae.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1206-1210
Author(s):  
Tahir Hussain Khan ◽  
◽  
Ashfaq Hussain Rana ◽  
Mohammad Afzal ◽  
Farooq Bhutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To compare the effects of pain by using tramadol, lignocaine 2% with adrenaline and normal saline (placebo) after tonsillectomy. Study Design: Randomized Controls Trial. Setting: Department of ENT, Social Security Landhi Hospital Karachi. Period: March 2019 to October 2019. Sampling Technique: Non probability. Material & Methods: One hundred and twenty (120) patients with ASA-I status, age between 12 to 22 years were included randomly for this study. Divided the patients into three groups, group-1(L), group-2(T) and group-3(S) and forty (40) patients were in each group. In group-1(L), Lignocaine 2% with adrenaline used. In group-2 (T), Tramadol used and in group-3 (S), normal saline swab (placebo) used in tonsillar fossae at the end of tonsillectomies. Pain assessment done after 30 minutes in PACU and every one hourly for 6 hours post operatively in ward. If recorded VAS for pain was more than 5 analgesic injection given in ward for pain control. Result: The result of our research revealed that there were no significant differences in the mean ages of the patients, weight of patients, sex distribution and the duration of surgeries among the all three groups. Post-operative pain score were significantly higher in (S) group than in the other two groups (p<0.05). In Group-1(L) and Group-2 (T) pain score had non-significant (p>0.05). Duration of first analgesic demand was longer in Group-L and in Group-T versus normal saline (Group-S), it was 134 + 18 minutes in Group-L and in Group -T, it was 135 + 15 minutes while in Group-S, it was 34 + 11 minutes and p < 0.01 significant. Conclusion: Uses of lignocaine 2% with adrenaline swab and Tramadol swab are better choice in tonsillar fossae at the end of tonsillectomies for post-operative pain control versus normal saline (placebo) swab.

scholarly journals On whether therapeutic plasma exchange is an effective cure for severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Cegolon ◽  
Behzad Einollahi ◽  
Sina Imanizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rezapour ◽  
Mohammad Javanbakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

There is a risk of novel mutations of SARS-CoV-2 that may render COVID-19 resistant to most of the therapies, including antiviral drugs. The evidence around the application of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for the management of critically ill COVID-19 patients is still provisional and further investigations are needed to confirm its eventual beneficial effects. We therefore carried out a single-centered retrospective observational non-placebo-controlled trial enrolling 73 inpatients from Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran (Iran) with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swabs and high-resolution computerized tomography chest scan. These patients were broken down into two groups: Group 1 (30 patients) receiving standard of care (corticosteroids, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, pantoprazole, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir); and Group 2 (43 patients) receiving the above regimen plus TPE (replacing 2 liter of patients plasma by a solution, 50% of normal plasma and 50% of albumin at 5%) administered according to various time schedules. The follow-up time was 30 days and all cause mortality was the endpoint. Deaths were 6 (14%) in Group 2 and 14 (47%) in Group 1. However, different harmful risk factors prevailed among patients not receiving TPE rather than being equally split between the intervention and control group. We used an algorithm of Structural Equation Modeling (of STATA) to summarize a large pool of potential confounders into a single score (called with the descriptive name Sseverity). Disease severity was significantly (Wilkinson rank sum test p-value=0.0000) lower among COVID-19 patients undergoing TPE (median: -2.82; range: -5.18; 7.96) as compared to those non receiving TPE (median: -1.35; range: -3.89; 8.84), confirming that treatment assignment involved a selection bias of patients according to the severity of COVID-19 at hospital admission. The adjustment for confounding was carried out using severity as covariate in Cox regression models. The univariate Hazard Ratio (HR) of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.26; 1.80; p=0.441) for TPE turned to 1.19 (95%CI: 0.43; 3.29; p=0.741) after adjusting for severity. Thus, the lower mortality observed among patients receiving TPE was due to a lower severity of COVID-19 rather than TPE effects. Keywords: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), COVID-19, Clinical and laboratory indexes, Cytokine storm.

scholarly journals THE THE EFFECTIVNESS OF MULLIGAN MOBILIZATION AND INFRARED WITH MYOFASCIAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE AND INFRARED TO IMPROVE RANGE OF MOTION OF NON-SPESIFIC NECK PAIN ON TAILOR IN THE SUBDISTRIC KUTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Wahyuningsih ◽  
Nila Wahyuni ◽  
Luh Made Indah Sri Handari Adiputra
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Myofascial Release ◽  
Release Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Non-spesific neck pain is one of disorder among general population including tailors in Subdistric Kuta. Therefore the need for a therapy that can be given as myofascial release technique, mulligan mobilization, and infrared. The design of this study was experimental with pre-test and post-test group design. The technique sampling was purposive sampling technique. The samples were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was given Myofascial Release Technique and Infrared, while Group 2 was given Mulligan Mobilization and Infrared. The range of motion is measured by goniometer. The result showed no significant difference between Group 1 and Grpu[ 2 in which p value = 0.250 (p>0.05) with 56.8% in the Group 1 and 60.8% in the Group 2. Based on result , it can be concluded that Myofascial Release Technique and Infrared show no significant difference with Mulligan Mobilization and Infrared to increase range of motion of the neck on the non-spesific neck pain. Keywords : non-spesific neck pain, myofascial release technique, mulligan mobilization, infrared.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the effect of the intrusion arch and straight wire mechanics on incisor root resorption: A randomized, controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Aline Siqueira Butzke Marçal ◽  
Thais Maria Freire Fernandes ◽  
Juliana Brito Vasconcelos ◽  
Renato Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
External Apical Root Resorption ◽  
Maxillary Incisors ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Leveling And Alignment ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze and compare external apical root resorption (EARR) of maxillary incisors treated by intrusion arch or continuous archwire mechanics. Materials and Methods: This cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study analyzed 28 deep bite patients in the permanent dentition who were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1, 12 patients with initial mean age of 15.1 ± 1.6 years and mean overbite of 4.6 ± 1.2 mm treated with the Connecticut intrusion arch (CIA) in the upper arch (Ortho Organizers, Carlsbad, Calif) for a mean period of 5.8 ± 1.27 months. Group 2, 16 patients with initial mean age of 22.1 ± 5.7 years and mean overbite of 4.1 ± 1.1 mm treated with conventional leveling and alignment using continuous archwire mechanics for 6.1 ± 0.81 months. The degree of EARR was detected in 112 maxillary incisors by using CBCT scans and a three-dimensional program (Dolphin 11.7, Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif). The CBCT scans were obtained before (T1) and 6 months after initiation of treatment (T2). Differences between and within groups were assessed by nonpaired and paired t-tests, respectively, with a 5% significance level. Results: Significant differences were found for both groups between T1 and T2 (P &lt; .05) indicating that EARR occurred in both groups. However, there were no significant differences when EARR was compared between group 1 (−0.76 mm) and group 2 (−0.59 mm). Conclusions: The Connecticut intrusion arch did not lead to greater EARR of maxillary incisors when compared with conventional orthodontic mechanics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document