scholarly journals A literature review: The comparison of the sedimentation and flotation technique for Fasciola hepatica detection in livestok

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Alisa Qudrotun Munawaroh ◽  
Endry Nugroho Prasetyo ◽  
Maharani Pertiwi Koentjoro
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Fasciola Species ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Flotation Technique

Fascioliasis is an infection of the trematodes of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica which causes disease worldwide. This trematode infection commonly attacks ruminants, especially in cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs and humans, as well. This disease can cause significant economic losses in the livestock industry, mainly through death, liver damage, reduced production of meat, milk and wool, and expenses for deworming. Parasitological examination for identification of fasciola infection was carried out by visually observing fecal samples for adult worms and then examined by simple flotation (using saturated NaCl solution) and formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation techniques. Here, we were systematically reviewed existing knowledge about sensitive and efficient fasciola observation methods for the identification of fasciola species. Four databases of articles that met the inclusion requirements were compiled for the literature review. This article was published between 2015-2020 and reports on the identification of fasciola species using one or a combination of sedimentation and flotation methods. As a result, the combined method of sedimentation and flotation has the best sensitivity and egg recovery rate (Ef) values for fasciola identification.   Abstrak Fascioliasis merupakan infeksi trematoda spesies Fasciola hepatica dan Fasciola gigantica yang menimbulkan penyakit di seluruh dunia. Infeksi trematoda ini umum menyerang ruminansia, terutama pada sapi, kerbau, domba, kambing, babi dan bisa terjadi pada manusia. Penyakit ini dapat menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang cukup besar dalam industri ternak, terutama melalui kematian, kerusakan hati, berkurangnya produksi daging, susu, dan wol, dan pengeluaran biaya untuk obat cacing. Pemeriksaan parasitologi untuk identifikasi infeksi fasciola dilakukan dengan mengamati sampel feses secara visual untuk cacing dewasa dan kemudian diperiksa dengan cara flotasi sederhana (menggunakan larutan NaCl jenuh) dan teknik sedimentasi formalin-etil asetat. Disini, kami meninjau secara sistematis pengetahuan yang ada tentang metode pengamatan fasciola yang sensitif dan efisien dalam identifikasi spesies fascioal. Empat data base artikel yang telah memenuhi syarat inklusi disusun untuk tinjauan literature review. Artikel ini terbit antara tahun 2015-2020 dan melaporkan identifikasi spesies fasciola menggunakan salah satu atau gabungan metode sedimentasi dan flotasi. Hasilnya, metode gabungan antara sedimentasi dan flotasi memiliki nilai sensitivitas dan nilai tingkat pemulihan telur (egg recovery rate, Ef) paling baik untuk identifikasi fasciola.

scholarly journals Acute fasciolosis in cattle in southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Lourdes Adrien ◽  
Ana Lucia Schild ◽  
Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira ◽  
Letícia Fiss ◽  
Jerônimo L. Ruas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Coagulation Necrosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Bile Duct Proliferation ◽  
Mild Anemia

This study describes the epidemiological and pathological aspects of an outbreak of acute fasciolosis in cattle in southern Brazil. Fifteen out of 70 three-year-old pregnant cows lost weight in the 30-40 days prior to calving. Clinical signs included diarrhea, weakness, mild anemia and jaundice. Dark yellow fluid in the abdominal cavity was observed at necropsy. Fibrin and clotted blood were adhered to the pericardium and lung, primarily in the diaphragmatic lobes. The liver was enlarged, and the capsular surface was irregular with clear areas and petechiae. At the cut surface, the liver was irregular, firm and edematous, and several hemorrhagic channels could be observed. Areas of fibrosis through the parenchyma and whitish thrombi occluding the great vessels were also observed. The livers of 10 cows that not died were condemned at slaughter for lesions of fasciolosis similar to those observed at necropsy. Microscopically, the liver showed areas of coagulation necrosis, extensive hemorrhages in the streaks or foci and disruption of the parenchyma with neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration. Fibrosis and bile duct proliferation were also observed. Immature Fasciola hepatica flukes were observed in the parenchyma surrounded by degenerated hepatocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and hemorrhages. The outbreak occurred on a farm located in an area endemic for fasciolosis, although the acute form of the disease is not common in cattle in this region. It is likely that the cows were infected by F. hepatica metacercariae released in the late fall or early spring in the rice stubble where the herd was grazing prior to calving. Although mortality due to fasciolosis in cattle is infrequent, outbreaks can occur and treatments that are effective in both the immature and adult forms of the parasite should be administered to prevent economic losses.

Phenotypic analysis of adults of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica and intermediate forms from the endemic region of Gilan, Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ashrafi ◽  
M.A. Valero ◽  
M. Panova ◽  
M.V. Periago ◽  
J. Massoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Endemic Region

scholarly journals Epidemiological and clinical-pathological aspects of fasciolosis in livers of cattle slaughtered in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1761-1766
Author(s):  
Lucas S. Quevedo ◽  
Fábio R.P. Bruhn ◽  
Jose L.R. Teixeira ◽  
Taina S. Alberti ◽  
Haide V. Scheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Statistical Studies

ABSTRACT: Infection by Fasciola hepatica is an important cause of economic loss in cattle raised in Brazil and others countries. In slaughterhouses, the losses are mainly associated with condemnation of livers; however, it is believed that these losses can extend to diminished carcass yield and productivity throughout the life of the animals. Three slaughterhouses with a daily routine of approximately 15-20 cattle slaughters were monitored from July 2016 to November 2017. After sample collection, weighing, and liver assessment, statistical studies were conducted to determine disease prevalence and measurement of economic losses caused by fasciolosis through condemnation of the organ of choice of the parasite. Of the 210 livers assessed, 79 (37.6%) were condemned because of presence of F. hepatica, 87 (41.4%) were considered appropriate for human consumption, and 44 (20.9%) were considered inappropriate because of some other macroscopic lesions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of fasciolosis, correlate epidemiological and clinical-pathological aspects, and estimate the economic losses caused by the disease. It is estimated that the losses in southwestern Rio Grande do Sul state could reach R$ 36,943,532.60 (37.6%; 95% CI = 30,753,525.80 - 43,526,55.65) or US$ 11,437,626.20 (37.6%; 95% CI = 9,521,215.40 - 13,475,713.80) only because of condemnation of livers.

scholarly journals A Field Study on the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Endoparasites in Beef Suckler Cow Herds in Germany

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Kathia Gillandt ◽  
Jenny Stracke ◽  
Tatiana Hohnholz ◽  
Ralf Waßmuth ◽  
Nicole Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
The Status ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
Beef Suckler

Endoparasites are one of the major health issues in beef suckler cows and can cause economic losses. As studies on the parasitological status of beef suckler cow herds are rare, the aim of this study was to evaluate the status quo of the parasite burden in herds at four representative locations in Germany. Additionally, the farmers’ pasture management and deworming strategies were documented. Based on these data, the second aim of the study was to develop recommendations for improved deworming and pasture hygiene management. A total of 708 faecal samples were examined with parasitological routine methods. Results revealed Fasciola hepatica, gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), Eimeria species (spp.), Moniezia spp. and Dictyocaulus viviparus as the most frequent findings. Clinical signs of parasitic diseases were not found during the farm visits. Statistical analyses showed a significant effect of the age status of the animal on the parasitological status in general. Due to the percentage of occurrence, detailed statistical analysis was performed for Eimeria, GIN and Fasciola hepatica, confirming the effect of age status. Assessing the parasitological status of beef suckler cows as routine procedure could help to establish an improved parasite-control management on a farm-individual basis.

scholarly journals Adenomatous Cholecystitis in Cattle with Chronic Fascioliasis

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Submucosal Glands ◽  
Glandular Structures ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Liver Flukes

Gall bladders from 80 mature cattle infested with liver flukes were shrunken; their walls were thickened; and mucosa was raised into rugose folds, nodules and papillary projections. All contained thick bile and mature liver flukes, predominantly Fasciola gigantica and to a lesser extent Fasciola hepatica. There was an adenomatous proliferation of the lining epithelium as well as of submucosal glands forming numerous tubuloalveolar structures and cysts lined with a uniform layer of columnar epithelium. Fibrous stroma was more than normal, and there was a mild to heavy infiltration by inflammatory cells. Some bladders had many enterochromaffin cells in the epithelium lining the glandular structures. Mitotic figures were rare, and there was no evidence of malignancy. The condition is inflammatory and hyperplastic and is believed to be common in cattle infested with liver fluke. The clinical effects of this condition have not been studied.

Wind-missile impact capacity of essential facilities

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Nur Yazdani, PhD ◽  
Perry Green, PhD ◽  
Saif Haroon, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Concrete Panels ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Large Wind ◽  
Wall Components ◽  
Basic Test

Windborne debris during a hurricane may cause damage to building façades, resulting in significant economic losses and injury or death. Recent building codes have adopted variations of the large-wind-missile impact test in order to certify roof/wall components for hurricane resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of commonly used Florida wall and roof assemblies under enhanced large-wind-missile impact testing, beyond the basic test specified in the Florida Building Code. Relevant standards specify similar enhanced standards for essential facilities and shelters. Based on a thorough literature review, a list of wall and roof assemblies that had not been tested before was selected. Wall assemblies included wood and metal framing systems and concrete panels. Roof assemblies included metal framing systems and concrete panels. A comprehensive list of wall and roof assemblies that passed the enhanced test was developed. Assemblies that should be avoided in the construction of essential facilities were also noted.

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