scholarly journals Secured Power Line Communication based network for advanced metering in Smart Grid

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zephaniah Philani Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Power Line Communication ◽  
Grid System ◽  
The Future

A Smart Grid (SG) generally refers to a modernized power grid system that incorporates Infor­ mation and Communications Technologies (ICT) so that a two way communication between the grid system (utility) and power users ensures power supply efficiency and optimization to the users. In a way, an SG is an evolved version of legacy power grid systems that manages electricity de­ mand in a sustainable, reliable and economic manner, built on advanced infrastructure and tuned to facilitate the integration of all involved. The provisioning of duplex communication between the utility and itsusers (customers) allows key devicessuch as SMs to interact directly with the utility 's control center (CC). SGs are destined for provisioning a cleaner environmental sustainable and renewable energy for the future. Its successes mostly rely on advanced ICT design and architecture. It is imperative that it meets the future data transmission and design performance requirements in terms ofrobustness, reliability, and at the same time ensuring end-to-end data exchanges with min­ imal latencies and losses. The incorporation oflCT, however, results in security and access control challenges, as a result complex network arrangement may be exploited by hackers among other things, access private information and sensitive data, hence the necessity to address vulnerabilities of such systems. Typ­ ical consequences or repercussions of security and access control threats include energy theft by way of altering of SM data. At present, it is cost effective to implement the ICT related infrastruc­ ture on the currently unused power line spectrum (i.e. above 50Hz) hence in this work, Power Line Communication (PLC) is elected for provisioning this platform. As such, PLC implementation shall imply the digital communication in power lines concurrently with electrical power transmission and ensuring uninterruption of either of the services, as well as guaranteed efficiency. We address approaches to increasing the data rate of transmission and re­ duction of bit error rates. That will enhance the performance of PLC and redevelopment ofreliable JCT without additional cost to the existing infrastructure of electrical grids. We also address secu­ rity and access control by implementing Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) protocol to secure SG related data in our proposed security and access control framework. Results show that the sys­ tem has low computational requirements, minimal latency and as well ensures confidentiality and integrity. The simulation is run on a combined MATLAB/ OPNET platform.

scholarly journals Future smart grid communication-deployment of IoT: opportunities and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Payal Soni ◽  
J. Subhashini
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Smart Grid Communication

India’s electrical power system grid also known as the power grid is serving us from a very long time. In this duration, there were no major developments or changes reported in the power grid system. Electrical power consumer demand is increasing drastically and the present grid system is not able to fulfil these emerging requirements. To fulfil the requirements of future power load, we need a modified system which has to be reliable, secure, intelligent and efficient. By converting the power grid into the smart grid will be a promising solution for adopting the above properties. Communication Infrastructure is a major part of the smart grid. The end-user can reduce their expenditure on electricity demand by using smart home appliance, to keep away from the rush hours and also make use of the renewable energy instead from utility, is a great example of deployment of internet of things (IoT) in grid communication. In this paper, we have provided a survey of different communication technology, applications, benefits and challenges in communication infrastructure, spatially IoT.

The Application and Simulation of OFDM Technology in Power Line Communication

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 4019-4022
Author(s):  
Yi Wen Chen ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Jian Hua Hao
Keyword(s):  
Power Grid ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Line Communication ◽  
Common Channel ◽  
Noise Characteristics ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
Output System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Power Line Noise

Utilizing power line to transmit information speedily and safely is very important and significant. Whereas, the communication environment and construction of power grid are complex and hostile. The paper introduces the application, common modulation technology—OFDM and noise characteristics of PLC. The paper builds an OFDM input and output system and adds the power line noise into the channel, then compares and analyzes the difference between the OFDM output signals in common channel and PLC channel.

DSM for Energy Optimization and Communications Within Smart Grid CPSs

2022 ◽  
pp. 506-528
Author(s):  
Sa'ed Abed ◽  
Areej Abdelaal ◽  
Amjad Gawanmeh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Energy Optimization ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Potential Solution

Energy demand has increased significantly in the recent years due to the emerging of new technologies and industries, in particular in the developing countries. This increase requires much more developed power grid system than the existing traditional ones. Smart grid (SG) offers a potential solution to this problem. Being one of the most needed and complex cyber-physical systems (CPS), SG has been addressed exhaustively by researchers, from different views and aspects. However, energy optimization yet needs much more studying and examination. Therefore, this chapter presents a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the state-of-the-art developments in SG as a CPS with emphasis on energy optimization techniques and challenges. It also surveys the main challenges facing the SG considering CPS factors and the remarkable accomplishments and techniques in addressing these challenges. In addition, the document contrasts between different techniques according to their efficiency, usage, and feasibility. Moreover, this work explores the most effective applications of the SG as a CPS.

Implementation of Flooding Free Routing in Smart Grid

2016 ◽  
pp. 298-322
Author(s):  
Saad Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Reliability Management ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Control Centre ◽  
Management Capabilities ◽  
Destination Point

Smart Grid is a communication and automatic control capabilities in electric power grid system for improving efficiency, reliability, management, capabilities and security of electric power grid. Routing is important in Smart Grid to send data from one point to another point. Routing in Smart Grid is necessary to search /identify destination point/node for communication and to computer the best available route in the network topology among which the data to be sent during communication. Smart Grid can be a combination of fixed nodes (home appliances, smart meter, control centre, etc.) but the nature of communication between fixed nodes is dynamic due to the switch on/off or the fluctuation in electricity flow. Therefore the fixed nodes can also be disappeared from the network topology in Smart Grid. Existing routing protocols for Smart Grid are based on flooding mechanism. We would like to examine the feasibility of flooding free routing in Smart Grid. Then we will propose a flooding-free routing for Smart.

scholarly journals Simulation of Achievable Data Rates of Broadband Power Line Communication for Smart Metering

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mlynek ◽  
Misurec ◽  
Silhavy ◽  
Fujdiak ◽  
Slacik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Line Communication ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Grid Networks

Building real Smart Metering and Smart Grid networks is very expensive and time-consuming and also it is impossible to install different technologies in the same environment only for comparison. Therefore, simulation and experimental pilot measurements are an easy, economical, and time-affordable solution for a first comparison and evaluation of different technologies and solutions. The local area networks (LAN) are the core of Smart Metering and Smart Grid networks. The two predominant technologies are mostly sufficient for LAN networks, Power Line Communication (PLC), and radio frequency (RF) solutions. For PLC it is hard to allow prediction of the behaviour. Performance assessment for point-to-point connection is easy, but for complex PLC networks with repeaters it is quite expensive. Therefore, a simulation is an easy, fast, and cheap solution for understanding the grid configuration, influence of particular topological components, and performance possibilities. Simulation results can, thus, provide material for the design of a telecommunication infrastructure for Smart Metering. This paper presents results of such a simulation study. It is based on realistic PLC channel model implementation in Network Simulator 3, our modification and extension of this implementation for our use case scenario. It uses Shannon’s formula to calculate theoretical maximum channel capacity. In particular, it provides channel capacity and achievable distances of broadband PLC (BB-PLC). In this article we also exploit our novel idea of simple performance assessment of broadband PLC communication via simulation. It is supposed to be used to understand, evaluate, and test the grid configuration before deployment.

scholarly journals Availability Improvements through Data Slicing in PLC Smart Grid Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7256
Author(s):  
Paul Negirla ◽  
Romina Druță ◽  
Ioan Silea
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Optical Probe ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Network Availability

An electrical power grid, is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers. Electrical grids vary in size from covering a single building through national grids (which cover whole countries) to transnational grids (which can cross continents). As the rollout of smart meters continues worldwide, there are use-cases where common solutions fail and the network availability of certain meters is very low due to poor communication conditions. This paper proposes a data slicing model for large data files which have to travel securely and reliably throughout the Smart Grid. The manuscript addresses improvements for PRIME PLC network availability by using correct data slicing at the application level along a tuned transmission rate in accordance with the noise levels of the power grid. Successful communications, even at low rates, mean that no manual interaction from energy supplier operators is needed reducing the maintenance costs for both the energy companies as well as for the end user. Experiments on a low power electrical grid setup have been performed in order to evaluate availability improvements through the proposed method as well as the feasibility of remote firmware upgrades. The results have shown that the current approach has similar upgrade time results with a manual firmware upgrade performed through an optical probe. Moreover, the results show that the presented remote firmware upgrade method is reliable and practical.

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