scholarly journals Advanced Technologies Utilized in the Reconstruction of an Officer-Involved Shooting Incident

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Ziernicki ◽  
Angelos G. Leiloglo
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Infrared Video ◽  
Display Systems

This paper presents a case study that utilized many of the latest forensic technologies to reconstruct the events that occurred during an officer-involved shooting incident in which a police officer fatally shot a fel-low police officer. The shooting reconstruction utilized 3-D high-definition laser scanning, “matchmoving” of police helicopter infrared video footage, motion capture, photogrammetry, creation of a 3-D interactive virtual shooting scene, and virtual reality display systems. It also outlines how the trajectory of bullets were reconstructed, and how the position and posture of the shooting officer and victim officer were determined. Finally, federal judge rulings on various Daubert motions (509 U.S. 579 [1993]) to exclude or limit testi-mony of expert witnesses are presented.

At-Risk World Heritage and Virtual Reality Visualization for Cyber-Archaeology

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-171
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Levy ◽  
Connor Smith ◽  
Kristin Agcaoili ◽  
Anish Kannan ◽  
Avner Goren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Temple Mount

In this chapter, the issue of at-risk cultural heritage in the Middle East is addressed through the application of cyber-archaeology tools for data capture and dissemination. Working with an economic model to create a Heritage Asset District in the environs of Jerusalem, virtual reality for personal head-mounted devices and immersive CAVE platforms are used to help create high-value cultural heritage attractions designed to attract visitors to the district, thereby generating economic benefits. In the case study presented here, the district focuses on the Kidron Valley, which has its origin near the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem, and follows the river flowing eastward through the Judean Desert, where it empties into the Dead Sea. The most prominent cultural heritage site along the wadi (riverbed) is the Mar Saba Greek Orthodox monastery, dating to the fifth century CE. A helium-balloon photographic platform with high-definition photography and Structure from Motion (SfM) processing was used to create a 3D model of this impressive site that could be used for VR demonstrations. The demo is then made available over the MedArchNet (http://medarchnet.calit2.net/) online digital atlas to enable public engagement with Middle Eastern cultural heritage. This research is part of a University of California Office of the President Catalyst Grant concerning “At-Risk Cultural Heritage and the Digital Humanities.”

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Application of the Matchmoving Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Ziernicki ◽  
Angelos G. Leiloglo ◽  
Taylor Spiegelberg ◽  
Kurt Twigg
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Virtual Camera ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Race Track

This paper presents a methodology that uses the photogrammetric process of matchmoving for analyzing objects (vehicles, pedestrians, etc.) visible in video captured by moving cameras. Matchmoving is an established scientific process that is used to calibrate a virtual camera to “match” the movement and optic properties of the real-world camera that captured the video. High-definition 3D laser scanning technology makes it possible to accurately perform the matchmoving process and evaluate the results. Once a virtual camera is accurately calibrated, moving objects visible in the video can be tracked or matched to determine their position, orientation, path, speed, and acceleration. Specific applications of the matchmoving methodology are presented and discussed in this paper and include analysis performed on video footage from a metro bus on-board camera, police officer body-worn camera footage, and race track video footage captured by a drone. In all cases, the matchmoving process yielded highly accurate camera calibrations and allowed forensic investigators to accurately determine and evaluate the dynamics of moving objects depicted in the video.

scholarly journals Suitability Study of Structure-from-Motion for the Digitisation of Architectural (Heritage) Spaces to Apply Divergent Photograph Collection

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1981
Author(s):  
Juan Moyano ◽  
Juan E. Nieto-Julián ◽  
Daniel Antón ◽  
Elena Cabrera ◽  
David Bienvenido-Huertas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Symmetrical Configuration ◽  
Architectural Spaces

The digitisation of architectural heritage has experienced a great development of low-cost and high-definition data capture technologies, thus enabling the accurate and effective modelling of complex heritage assets. Accordingly, research has identified the best methods to survey historic buildings, but the suitability of Structure-from-Motion/Multi-view-Stereo (SfM/MVS) for interior square symmetrical architectural spaces is unexplored. In contrast to the traditional SfM surveying for which the camera surrounds the object, the photograph collection approach is divergent in courtyards. This paper evaluates the accuracy of SfM point clouds against Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) for these large architectural spaces with a symmetrical configuration, with the main courtyard of Casa de Pilatos in Seville, Spain, as a case study. Two different SfM surveys were conducted: (1) Without control points, and (2) referenced using a total station. The first survey yielded unacceptable results: A standard deviation of 0.0576 m was achieved in the northwest sector of the case study, mainly because of the difficulty of aligning the SfM and TLS data due to the way they are produced. This value could be admissible depending on the purpose of the photogrammetric model.

scholarly journals On Some Properties of Science Fiction Dystopian Narrative

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2 (17)) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Gaiane Muradian ◽  
Anna Karapetyan
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Prose Style ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Present Case Study

Dystopia is a narrative form of fiction in general and of science fiction in particular. Using elements of science fiction discourse like time travel, space flight, advanced technologies, virtual reality, genetic engineering, etc. – dystopian narrative depicts future fictive societies presenting in peculiar prose style a future in which humanity has fallen into destruction, ruin and decline, in which human life and nature are wildly abused, exploited and destroyed, in which a totalitarian, highly centralized, and, therefore, oppressive social organization sacrifices individual expression, freedom of choice and idiosyncrasy of the society and its members. It is such critical and creative reflections of science fiction dystopian narrative that are focused on in the present case study with the aim of bringing out certain properties in terms of narrative types and devices, figurative discourse and cognitive notions through which science fiction dystopia expresses and conveys its overarching message, i.e. the warning to stop before it is too late to the reader.

scholarly journals Applications of Matchmoving for Forensic Video Analysis of a Fatal Sprint Car Accident: Part II

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ziernicki ◽  
Martin Gordon ◽  
Steve Knapp ◽  
Angelos G. Leiloglou
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Yaw Angle ◽  
Car Accident

This paper presents the application of the photogrammetric process known as matchmoving to analyze a racetrack video and reconstruction of a fatal Sprint Car race accident. The use of high-definition 3D laser scanning technology made it possible to accurately perform the matchmoving process on racetrack video footage to determine the path, heading, speed, and acceleration of the involved Sprint Cars. In addition to the accident racetrack, another video of a Sprint Car race on a similar racetrack, taken by a drone, was also analyzed using the same matchmoving method to evaluate the speed and yaw angle of a drifting Sprint Car.

scholarly journals Advanced Forensic Engineering Analysis of a School Bus/Tractor-Trailer Crash

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Ziernicki ◽  
William H. Pierce ◽  
Angelos G. Leiloglou
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
High Definition ◽  
School Bus ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Occupant Kinematics

This paper presents advanced techniques used to reconstruct a motor vehicle accident involving a fully loaded tractor-trailer and school bus with 30 young students. The accident investigation included analysis of the physical evidence using photogrammetry and high-definition laser scanning, application of engine control module (ECM) and global positioning system (GPS) data, and analyzing onboard video footage from the bus. Momentum-based crash simulation software (PC-Crash) was used to simulate the accident. The simulation data was compared with National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) data and with the onboard bus video footage. Further, rigid-body kinematic equations were used to determine occupant kinematics (velocities) and dynamics (accelerations). Multiple graphics are used to demonstrate the accident reconstruction and occupant kinematics and dynamics.

Virtual Reality Treatment for Agoraphobia: A Mexican Case Study

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Cardenas-Lopez ◽  
Sandra Munoz ◽  
Maribel Gonzalez ◽  
Carmen Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality
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