scholarly journals Cephalometric Evaluation of Anterior Cranial Base Slope in Patients with Skeletal Class I Malocclusion with Low or High SNA and SNB Angles

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Hasan Camci ◽  
◽  
Farhad Salmanpour ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Base ◽  
Class I ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cranial Base Morphology of Pakistani Population in Skeletal Class I, II and III Malocclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Faizan Alia ◽  
Rabia Aziz ◽  
Amna Malik ◽  
Hadiqa Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Class I ◽  
Base Length ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Jaw Position

 Introduction: Cranial Base integrate different patterns of growth in various regions of the skull such as the nasal cavity, the oral cavity, and the pharynx. Anteroposterior jaw position is thought to be affected by cranial base growth. Although scientific literature shows conflicting results regarding both positive and negative correlation between the cranial base and skeletal malocclusions. Materials & Method: 138 patients selected according to the Inclusion criteria were divided into three major categories depending upon ANB angle. Class I, class II group and class III group. Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken. Linear and Angular measurements were measured. All the data was entered in SPSS version 25 and then analyzed by using descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation and by using inferential statistics including Pearson correlation and ANOVA test. Result: No significant differences were recorded between cranial base deflection angles (N-S-Ar and N-S-Ba) and malocclusions groups while Anterior cranial base length S-N was found to be maximum in class III and posterior cranial base length S-Ba was greater in class I. Conclusion: Cranial base angles N-S-Ar and N-S-Ba did not demonstrate any statistically significant correlation with three malocclusion groups i.e. Class I, Class II and Class III and their correlation was negative.

scholarly journals Cranial Base Features in Skeletal Class III Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Proff ◽  
Florian Will ◽  
Ivan Bokan ◽  
Jochen Fanghänel ◽  
Tomas Gedrange
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Base ◽  
Class I ◽  
Base Length ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Condylar Displacement ◽  
Mandibular Protrusion

Abstract Objective: To investigate the cranial base configuration in skeletal Class III patients to clarify the conflicting findings from literature. Materials and Methods: Initial lateral radiographs of 54 skeletal Class III patients and 54 matched controls (Class I, II/1, II/2) aged 14 to 24 years were analyzed retrospectively for 21 cephalometric basicranial variables and jaw lengths relative to anterior cranial base length. Results: In contrast to overall cranial base length, the anterior (N-S) and posterior (S-Ba, S-Ar) sections failed to show a significant reduction in Class III patients. The significantly more acute angles Ca-S-Ba and Se-S-Ba reflected increased cranial base flexure. Resulting anterior condylar displacement was shown by significant reduction of Se-S-Cd and Ar-Ca. Relative mandibular length was significantly increased. Conclusions: Decreased basicranial angulation associated with Class III mandibular protrusion was clearly confirmed for skeletal Class III patients. Overall shortening of the cranial base apparently resulted from various minor alterations. The results are compatible with the deficient orthocephalization hypothesis of Class III morphogenesis. The basicranial-maxillary relationship in skeletal Class III remains unclear.

scholarly journals Craniofacial and Craniocervical Features in Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia: A Radiological Study of 17 Patients and 34 Controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Arponen ◽  
Marjut Evälahti ◽  
Outi Mäkitie
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Basilar Invagination ◽  
Craniocervical Junction ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Base Angle ◽  
Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Age Range

BackgroundBiallelic mutations in the non-coding RNA gene RMRP cause Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH), a rare skeletal dysplasia in which the main phenotypic characteristic is severe progressive growth retardation.ObjectiveThis study compared the cranial dimensions of individuals with CHH to healthy subjects.MethodsLateral skull radiographs of 17 patients with CHH (age range 10 to 59 years) and 34 healthy individuals (age range 10 to 54 years) were analyzed for relative position of the jaws to skull base, craniofacial height and depth, as well as vertical growth pattern of the lower jaw, anterior cranial base angle, and the relationship between the cervical spine and skull base.ResultsWe found that the length of the upper and lower jaws, and clivus were significantly decreased in patients with CHH as compared to the controls. Anterior cranial base angle was large in patients with CHH. Basilar invagination was not found.ConclusionThis study found no severe craniofacial involvement of patients with CHH, except for the short jaws. Unexpectedly, mandibular deficiency did not lead to skeletal class II malocclusion.Clinical ImpactAlthough the jaws were shorter in patients with CHH, they were proportional to each other. A short posterior cranial base was not associated with craniocervical junction pathology.

scholarly journals Relationship between anterior occlusion and frontal sinus size

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar T. Said ◽  
P. Emile Rossouw ◽  
Leonard S. Fishman ◽  
Changyong Feng
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Class I ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Edge Group ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incisor Inclination

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the relationship between anterior occlusion and frontal sinus size. Methods: The patient database at the Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, was searched for male patients older than 15 years and females older than 13 years of age. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, participants' photos and lateral cephalometric and posteroanterior radiographs were examined then classified into a control class I group (n = 20, 15.7 ± 2.7 years) and eight malocclusion groups (n = 136, 16.1 ± 2.1 years). The frontal sinus area on the lateral cephalometric radiograph and on the posteroanterior radiograph were measured and compared between groups. Results: One-way analysis of variance demonstrated a significant difference among all nine groups (P = .0001). Pairwise comparison showed a significant difference between the class I group and all other malocclusion groups (P < .05) except the edge-to-edge group for both radiographs and except the bimaxillary protrusion group for the lateral cephalometric radiographs. Tukey's method was not able to demonstrate a significant difference among the subgroups of skeletal malocclusions (P > .05). Linear regression analyses with stepwise model selection demonstrated that anterior cranial base, mandibular plane angle, and upper incisor inclination commonly have a significant effect on frontal sinus size. Conclusion: The frontal sinus size could be used as an indicator of harmonious anterior occlusion. There were no differences among the subgroups of each skeletal malocclusion. The anterior cranial base, facial height, and maxillary incisor inclination appear to have a significant effect on frontal sinus size.

scholarly journals Cephalometric Evaluation Of The Size And Morphology Of Sella Turcica In Different Types Of Malocclusion Among Romanian Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Irinel Panainte ◽  
Reka Gyergyay ◽  
Krisztina Martha
Keyword(s):  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Class I ◽  
Base Length ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Different Types

Introduction: The vertical and sagital position of the maxilla and mandible is influenced by the size and the angulation of the cranial base. Sellae turcica is part of the cranial base. It is located in the middle cranial fossa. Thus, the growth and the development of this bony structure are influenced by neural and general skeletal pattern as well. Cephalometric analysis is an important part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. From numerous cephalometric landmarks, the S- sellae point is commonly used to describe the cranial base. Also, it is used to evaluate other bony structures’ position towards it. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the shape and the dimension of the sellae turcica in different types of malocclusions. Materials and Methods: 136 randomly selected lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. Also, skeletal and facial pattern was identified and the shape and sagital dimension of the sellae was measured. Results: Statistical analysis presented no significancy regarding sellae’s shape in different types of malocclusion. However, the skeletal class II cases presented the most anarchic sellae shapes. Comparing linear measurements of skeletal length and sellae diameter, we found that the smallest diameter of the sellae appears in class III malocclusions. Thus, other skeletal length presents the lowest mean values also. Statistically significant differences among maxillary, mandibular, and cranial base length and sellae diameter were found in class I malocclusion (p=0.013). Conclusions: Sella morphology appears to have certain correlation with cranial and jaw base length and jaw base relationship in skeletal Class I Romanian population

scholarly journals Mandibular shape prediction using cephalometric analysis: applications in craniofacial analysis, forensic anthropology and archaeological reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Omran ◽  
David Wertheim ◽  
Kathryn Smith ◽  
Ching Yiu Jessica Liu ◽  
Farhad B. Naini
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Base ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Shape Prediction ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Archaeological Reconstruction

Abstract Background The human mandible is variable in shape, size and position and any deviation from normal can affect the facial appearance and dental occlusion. Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine whether the Sassouni cephalometric analysis could help predict two-dimensional mandibular shape in humans using cephalometric planes and landmarks. Materials and methods A retrospective computerised analysis of 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs taken at Kingston Hospital Orthodontic Department was carried out. Results Results showed that the Euclidean straight-line mean difference between the estimated position of gonion and traced position of gonion was 7.89 mm and the Euclidean straight-line mean difference between the estimated position of pogonion and the traced position of pogonion was 11.15 mm. The length of the anterior cranial base as measured by sella-nasion was positively correlated with the length of the mandibular body gonion-menton, r = 0.381 and regression analysis showed the length of the anterior cranial base sella-nasion could be predictive of the length of the mandibular body gonion-menton by the equation 22.65 + 0.5426x, where x = length of the anterior cranial base (SN). There was a significant association with convex shaped palates and oblique shaped mandibles, p = 0.0004. Conclusions The method described in this study can be used to help estimate the position of cephalometric points gonion and pogonion and thereby sagittal mandibular length. This method is more accurate in skeletal class I cases and therefore has potential applications in craniofacial anthropology and the ‘missing mandible’ problem in forensic and archaeological reconstruction.

scholarly journals Cephalometric assessment of maxillary length in Serbian children with skeletal class III

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 645-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenka Stojanovic ◽  
Predrag Nikolic ◽  
Angelina Nikodijevic ◽  
Jasmina Milic ◽  
Branislav Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Base ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Class I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Background/Aim. Malocclusion of skeletal class III is a complex irregularity of sagittal inter-jaw relationship, which is due to irregularities of sagittal position of one or both of the jaw bones, which is often associated with disproportionate ratio of their length. The aim of this study was to determine whether the length of the jaw of children with skeletal class III in the period of mixed dentition was changed. Methods. Fifty children with skeletal class III and the same number of those with skeletal class I, of both sexes, have been selected on the basis of cephalometric analysis of profile tele-x-ray of the head. All the children aged 6-12 had mixed dentition, and were divided according to sex and age into three subgroups within each group. The length of maxilla, mandible and cranial base were measured. Proportions among the lengths measured within each group were found and difference significance in the measured lengths and their proportions among groups and subgroups were evaluated. Results. The children with skeletal class III, compared with the findings in the control group, had significantly lower values of maxillary length, total maxillary length, as well as lower values of their lengths in proportion to lengths of the front or the total length of cranial base and in proportion to mandibular lengths (p < 0.05). Among the patients of different sexes, both in the test and the control group, a significant difference in the values of the measured lengths was found. Conclusion. The children with skeletal class III have significantly shorter maxilla than those with skeletal class I.

scholarly journals Radiographic cephalometry assessment of the linear and angular parameters on cranial base in children with skeletal class III

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenka Stojanovic ◽  
Jasmina Milic ◽  
Predrag Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Group 1

Background/Aim. In malocclusion of skeletal class III, mandible is located in front of maxilla in sagital plain, which is manifested by a lower value of the sagital inter-jaw angle than in skeletal class I, where the jaw sagital relation is normal. Apart from the deformities on mandible and/or maxilla, in skeletal class III deformities are also frequent on the cranial base. The aim of this research was to find the differences in the parameter values on the cranial base among the children with skeletal class III and the children with skeletal class I in the period of mixed dentition. Methods. After clinical examination and orthopan-tomography, profile radiography of the head was analyzed in 60 examinees, aged from 6?12 years. The examinees were divided into two groups: group 1 - the children with skeletal class III; group 2 - the children with skeletal class I. Both linear and angular parameters on the cranial base were measured, as well as the angles of maxillary and mandible prognatism and the angle of sagital inter-jaw relation. The level of difference in the parameter values between the groups was estimated and the degree of correlation of the main angle of the cranial base with the angles of sagital position of the jaws in each of the two groups was established. Results. A significant difference between the groups was found only in the average values of the angles of maxillary prognatism and sagital interjaw relation. In the group 1, the main angle of the cranial base was in a significant correlation with the angles of sagital positions of the jaws, while in the group 2, such significance was not found. Conclusion. There were no significant differences in the parameter values on the cranial base between the groups. There was a significant correlation of the main angle of the cranial base with the angles of sagital position of the jaws in the group 1 only. .

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