Fertilization of two genetic groups of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. in a four-year progeny trial

Introduction: Genetic improvement and nutritional management are used to increase productive capacity. Objective: To analyze the effect of traditional and controlled-release fertilizers, as well as the way to define the doses (technically or empirically), on growth of 20 tree families of Pinus patulaSchiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. Materials and methods: Four fertilization treatments were applied: 1) control; 2) “technical”, based on foliar analysis; 3) controlled release (18-6-12 + 2CaO + 3.5 Mg + 2.1 Si + microelements); and 4) mixture of agricultural fertilizers in nutrient concentrations similar to the controlled-release treatment. Height, diameter, biomass index, number of whorls, leaf mass, and growth initiation and cessation were evaluated in a group of 10 superior and 10 inferior three-year old families in Chignahuapan, Puebla. Data were analyzed with the MIXED procedure of SAS. Results and discussion: Trees showed no significant differences in growth, biomass production and growth initiation by fertilization effect, but showed significant differences by genetic quality (P ≤ 0.05). The genotype*fertilization interaction was significant; after one year of controlled-release fertilizer application, inferior genotypes had the highest values of relative rates of biomass production, diameter at root collar and height. Conclusions: Controlled-release fertilizers at appropriate doses and environmental conditions are a viable option to promote growth of young P. patula trees in the field.

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Reducing Runoff Loss of Applied Nutrients in Oil Palm Cultivation Using Controlled-Release Fertilizers

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2014/285387 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Bah ◽

M. H. A. Husni ◽

C. B. S. Teh ◽

M. Y. Rafii ◽

S. R. Syed Omar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Nutrient Loss ◽

Slope Gradient ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Immature Oil ◽

One Year ◽

The Impact ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizers

Controlled-release fertilizers are expected to minimize nutrient loss from crop fields due to their potential to supply plant-available nutrients in synchrony with crop requirements. The evaluation of the efficiency of these fertilizers in tropical oil palm agroecological conditions is not yet fully explored. In this study, a one-year field trial was conducted to determine the impact of fertilization with water soluble conventional mixture and controlled-release fertilizers on runoff loss of nutrients from an immature oil palm field. Soil and nutrient loss were monitored for one year in 2012/2013 under erosion plots of 16 m2on 10% slope gradient. Mean sediments concentration in runoff amounted to about 6.41 t ha−1. Conventional mixture fertilizer posed the greatest risk of nutrient loss in runoff following fertilization due to elevated nitrogen (6.97%), potassium (13.37%), and magnesium (14.76%) as percentage of applied nutrients. In contrast, this risk decreased with the application of controlled-release fertilizers, representing 0.75–2.44% N, 3.55–5.09% K, and 4.35–5.43% Mg loss. Meanwhile, nutrient loss via eroded sediments was minimal compared with loss through runoff. This research demonstrates that the addition of controlled-release fertilizers reduced the runoff risks of nutrient loss possibly due to their slow-release properties.

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EFFECTS OF CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZER APPLICATION RATES ON FROND COLOR AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF AN ARSENIC HYPERACCUMULATING FERN

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2004.659.90 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 693-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R.H. Stamps ◽

D.K. Rock

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽

Application Rates

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USING CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZERS FOR PERENNIALS INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY WHILE REDUCING FERTILIZER APPLICATION RATES

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2010.868.33 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 255-260

Author(s):

O. Achilea ◽

O. Rottenberg ◽

M. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Application Rates ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizers

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Meticulous Overview on the Controlled Release Fertilizers

Advances in Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2014/363071 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Siafu Ibahati Sempeho ◽

Hee Taik Kim ◽

Egid Mubofu ◽

Askwar Hilonga

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Nutrient Release ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Materials Engineering ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizers

Owing to the high demand for fertilizer formulations that will exhaust the possibilities of nutrient use efficiency (NUE), regulate fertilizer consumption, and lessen agrophysicochemical properties and environmental adverse effects instigated by conventional nutrient supply to crops, this review recapitulates controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) as a cutting-edge and safe way to supply crops’ nutrients over the conventional ways. Essentially, CRFs entail fertilizer particles intercalated within excipients aiming at reducing the frequency of fertilizer application thereby abating potential adverse effects linked with conventional fertilizer use. Application of nanotechnology and materials engineering in agriculture particularly in the design of CRFs, the distinctions and classification of CRFs, and the economical, agronomical, and environmental aspects of CRFs has been revised putting into account the development and synthesis of CRFs, laboratory CRFs syntheses and testing, and both linear and sigmoid release features of CRF formulations. Methodical account on the mechanism of nutrient release centring on the empirical and mechanistic approaches of predicting nutrient release is given in view of selected mathematical models. Compositions and laboratory preparations of CRFs basing on in situ and graft polymerization are provided alongside the physical methods used in CRFs encapsulation, with an emphasis on the natural polymers, modified clays, and superabsorbent nanocomposite excipients.

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Controlled-release Fertilizers Affect Nitrate Nitrogen Runoff from Container Plants

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.3.2.174 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 174-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tom Yeager ◽

Geri Cashion

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Controlled Release ◽

Nitrate Nitrogen ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Sampling Time ◽

N Level ◽

Drinking Water Standard ◽

Nitrogen Runoff ◽

Container Plant ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizers

Container plant runoff NO3-N levels varied with sampling time and were periodically higher than the 10-ppm federal drinking water standard during 4.5 months following fertilizer application, even though controlled-release fertilizers Nutricote 18N-2.6P-6.6K Osmocote 18N-2.6P-10K, Prokote 20N-1.3P-8.3K, and Woodace 19N-2.6P-10K were used. Leachate collected from containers had a higher NO3-N level than runoff regardless of sampling time. Leachate NO3-N ranged from 278 ppm for Nutricote 3.5 months after application to 6 ppm for Prokote 1 week after application.

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TIME-RELEASE FERTILIZERS AND MEDIA AFFECT GROWTH OF CONTAINER-GROWN LAGERSTROEMIA AND LIGUSTRUM

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.601f ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 601f-601

Author(s):

Houchang Khatamjan ◽

Sudeep Vyapari

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Peat Moss ◽

Growing Media ◽

Ph Values ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Media Types ◽

One Year ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizers

One-year-old liners of Firebird crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L. 'Firebird') and Vicary golden privet (Ligustrum X vicaryi) were planted in 7.6 liter containers. The growing media consisted of 3 pinebark: 1 Canadian peat moss: 1 sand and 3 sawdust: 1 Canadian peat moss: 1 sand (v/v/v). Both media were amended with NH4NO3 and dolomite. Several controlled release fertilizers at varying rates were incorporated into each medium prior to planting. Thirty, 60 and 90 days after planting, leachate samples were collected and tested for E.C. and pH. Fertilizer Sierra (17-6-10) and Osmocote (18-7-13) resulted in maximum shoot dry weight with both species and media types followed by Osmocote (24-4-8) and Escote (20-4-11). Plants grew equally well in pinebark and sawdust medium. After 30 and 60 days leachate from Sierra (17-6-10) had highest E.C. levels. Osmocote (18-7-13 and 24-4-8) recorded highest E.C. at 90 day sampling date. The sawdust medium had higher pH values than the pinebark.

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Irrigation Volume, Application, and Controlled-release Fertilizer II. Effect on Substrate Solution Nutrient Concentration and Water Efficiency in Containerized Plant Production

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-16.3.182 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 182-188

Author(s):

Kelly M. Groves ◽

Stuart L. Warren ◽

Ted E. Bilderback

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Irrigation Efficiency ◽

Plant Production ◽

Water Efficiency ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Entire Study ◽

Once Daily ◽

Substrate Solution ◽

Irrigation Volume ◽

Controlled Release Fertilizers

Abstract Rooted cuttings of Cotoneaster dammeri Schneid ‘Skogholm’ and seedlings of Rudbeckia fulgida Ait. ‘Goldsturm’ were potted into 3.8 liter (4 qt) containers in a pine bark:sand (8:1 by vol) substrate incorporated with 3.5 g (0.12 oz) N per container provided by one of the following five controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs): Meister 21N–3.5P–11.1K (21–7–14), Osmocote 24N–2.0P–5.6K (24–4–7), Scotts 23N–2.0P–6.4K (23–4–8), Sustane 5N–0.9P–3.3K (5–2–4) or Woodace 21N–3.0P–9.5K (21–6–12). Two hundred ml (0.3 in), 400 ml (0.6 in), 800 ml (1.1 in) or 1200 ml (1.7 in) of water was applied once daily (single) or in two equal applications with a 2 hr interval between applications (cyclic). Substrate solutions were collected from containers of cotoneaster 15, 32, 45, 60, 74, 90, 105, and 119 days after initiation (DAI). Irrigation efficiency [(water applied − water leached) ÷ water applied] was determined on the same days. Cyclic application improved irrigation efficiency at 800 ml (1.1 in) and 1200 ml (1.7 in) ≈ 27% compared to a single application. Irrigation efficiencies averaged over the season were 95%, 84%, 62%, and 48% for cotoneaster and 100%, 90%, 72%, and 51% for rudbeckia at 200 ml (0.3 in), 400 ml (0.6 in), 800 ml (1.1 in) and 1200 ml (1.7 in), respectively. NH4-N and NO3-N and PO4-P concentrations in substrate solution decreased with increasing irrigation volume regardless of CRF. Substrate NH4-N concentration decreased throughout the season with most CRFs below 5 mg/liter by 90 DAI. CRFs mainly affected substrate NH4-N and NO3-N concentrations when irrigated with 200 ml (0.3 in) or 400 ml (0.6 in). Substrate NH4-N, NO3-N, and PO4-P solution concentrations were similar for all CRFs at irrigation volume of 1200 ml (1.7 in). Osmocote, Scotts, and Woodace maintained relatively constant substrate solution levels of PO4-P through 60 DAI. By 90 DAI, substrate PO4-P levels were similar regardless of irrigation volume or CRF. Substrate PO4-P concentrations were never in the recommended range of 5 to 10 mg/liter when irrigated with 800 ml (1.1 in) or 1200 ml (1.7 in) regardless of CRF. Solution pH remained in the recommended range of 5.0 to 6.0 for all irrigation volumes and CRFs throughout the entire study with the exception of Sustane.

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