scholarly journals Facial resemblance and attractiveness: an experimental study in rural Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saori Nojo ◽  
Yasuo Ihara ◽  
Hana Furusawa ◽  
Shigeru Akamatsu ◽  
Takafumi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Inclusive Fitness ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mating Partner ◽  
Facial Resemblance ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Context Dependent

Previous studies suggest that humans use facial characteristics as a cue of kinship in a context-dependent manner: a self-resembling face is preferred as a target of cooperation because cooperating with kin enhances inclusive fitness, but avoided as a mating partner because mating with kin increases the risk of inbreeding. Another line of evidence indicates that children internalize faces of their family members and later use them as a referent with which faces of others are compared. Using digital morphing techniques, we conduct an experiment in a village in Sumba, Indonesia, to investigate effects of facial self- or parent-resemblance on perceived attractiveness of opposite-sex faces in the context of a long-term or short-term relationship. Our results show that females prefer a male face not resembling themselves and males prefer a female face not resembling their mothers, both in the long-term context.

The effect of short-term information on long-term investment: An experimental study

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Benzion ◽  
Lena Krupalnik ◽  
Ahron Rosenfeld ◽  
Shosh Shahrabani ◽  
Tal Shavit
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Short Term

Experimental study of the short-term and long-term behavior of perfobond connectors

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 462-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xiamin Hu ◽  
Liya Kou ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Yuchen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Behavior

Experimental Burned Rock Studies on the Edwards Plateau: A View from Camp Bullis, Texas

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pagoulatos
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Edwards Plateau ◽  
Thermal Alteration ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Earth Oven

This article presents an experimental study concerning the use of thermally altered stone, commonly referred to as fire-cracked, or burned rock. A series of controlled cooking experiments were initiated as limestone cobbles were placed within a prepared earth-oven and re-heated; this type of earth-oven is similar to those found within prehistoric burned rock mounds on the Edwards Plateau of central Texas. Twelve experiments were conducted in this study, as four different sets of cobble assemblages were each re-heated three times, at six, twelve, twenty-four, and forty-eight hour intervals. These heated limestone cobbles were then analyzed for thermal alteration characteristics such as color change, cracking, and spalling, for comparative purposes. Quantitative analyses were then applied to the data in order to establish whether different patterns of thermal alteration exist dependent upon short-term and long-term re-uses.

scholarly journals Regulation of lactate production and glucose transport as well as of glucose transporter 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A mRNA levels by basic fibroblast growth factor in rat Sertoli cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Riera ◽  
SB Meroni ◽  
HF Schteingart ◽  
EH Pellizzari ◽  
SB Cigorraga
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1 ◽  
Ldh Activity

By using cultured rat Sertoli cells as a model, both the action of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on lactate production and the site of this action were studied. bFGF stimulated Sertoli cell lactate production in a dose-dependent manner (basal: 7.3+/-0.5; 0.1 ng/ml bFGF: 7.5+/-0.5; 1 ng/ml bFGF: 7.5+/-0.6; 10 ng/ml bFGF: 10.3+/-1.0; 30 ng/ml bFGF: 15.2+/-1.5; 50 ng/ml bFGF: 15.4+/-1.6 microg/microg DNA). Two major sites for the action of this growth factor were identified. First, bFGF was shown to exert short- and long-term stimulatory effects on glucose transport (basal: 1170+/-102; 30 ng/ml bFGF for 120 min: 1718+/-152 and basal: 718+/-64; 30 ng/ml bFGF for 48 h: 1069+/-69 d.p.m./microg DNA respectively). Short-term bFGF stimulation of glucose transport was not inhibited by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. These results indicate that short-term bFGF stimulation of glucose uptake does not involve an increase in the number of glucose transporters. On the other hand, stimulation with bFGF for periods of time longer than 12 h increased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) mRNA levels. These increased mRNA levels were probably ultimately responsible for the increments in glucose uptake that are observed in long-term treated cultures. Secondly, bFGF increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (basal: 31.0+/-1.4; 30 ng/ml bFGF: 45.7+/- 2.4 mIU/microg DNA). The principal subunit component of those LDH isozymes that favors the transformation of pyruvate to lactate is subunit A. bFGF increased LDH A mRNA levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In summary, the results presented herein show that glucose transport, LDH activity and GLUT1 and LDH A mRNA levels are regulated by bFGF to achieve an increase in lactate production. These observed regulatory actions provide unequivocal evidence of the participation of bFGF in Sertoli cell lactate production which may be related to normal germ cell development.

scholarly journals Strategically funny: Romantic motives affect humor style in relationship initiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa E. DiDonato ◽  
Brittany K. Jakubiak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Relationship Initiation ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Humor Style ◽  
Indicator Model

Not all humor is the same, yet little is known about the appeal of specific humor styles in romantic initiation. The current experimental study addresses this gap by investigating how romantic motives (short-term or long-term) affect individuals’ anticipated use of, and response to, positive humor and negative humor. Heterosexual participants (n = 224) imagined the pursuit of either a desired short-term or long-term relationship, indicated the extent to which they would produce positive and negative humor, and reported how their own interest would change in response to the imaginary target’s use of positive or negative humor. Results revealed that individuals are strategic in their humor production as a function of relational motives. Individuals produced positive humor in both contexts but limited their use of negative humor when pursuing a long-term relationship. The target’s positive humor increased individuals’ attraction, especially women’s, and although negative humor boosted attraction, it did not boost attraction more for short-term than long-term relationships. Findings extend a trait-indicator model of humor and their implications are discussed in light of other theoretical perspectives.

scholarly journals Only Cheap Talk after All? New Experimental Psychological Findings on the Role of Verbal Proficiency in Mate Choice

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. Lange ◽  
Christine Hennighausen ◽  
Michael Brill ◽  
Frank Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Future Income ◽  
Audio Files ◽  
Self Presentations

Abstract Recent evolutionary experimental psychological research found that high verbal proficiency (VP) increased the perceived attractiveness of individuals (more so for males than females), especially in the context of a long-term relationship. Our study had the objective of replicating and extending this research. Similar to previous studies, audio files in which speakers performed scripted self-presentations that had equal content but varied on VP were used as stimuli for opposite-sex participants. VP was found to increase attractiveness ratings. The effects were mostly small for numerous variables relating to short-term mating, whereas they were moderate to large for long-term mating. Our participants attributed more future income, but not more total number of mates to speakers with higher VP. Female menstrual cycle effects on attractiveness ratings were not found. Contrary to former research, being more verbally proficient was not found to be more beneficial for one sex over the other.

scholarly journals LPA stimulates intestinal DRA gene transcription via LPA2 receptor, PI3K/AKT, and c-Fos-dependent pathway

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (6) ◽  
pp. G618-G627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amika Singla ◽  
Anoop Kumar ◽  
Shubha Priyamvada ◽  
Maliha Tahniyath ◽  
Seema Saksena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exchange Activity

DRA (downregulated in adenoma) or SLC26A3 is the major apical anion exchanger mediating Cl− absorption in intestinal epithelial cells. Disturbances in DRA function and expression have been implicated in diarrheal conditions such as congenital chloride diarrhea and inflammatory bowel diseases. Previous studies have shown that DRA is subject to regulation by short-term and transcriptional mechanisms. In this regard, we have recently shown that short-term treatment by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an important bioactive phospholipid, stimulates Cl−/HCO3−(OH−) exchange activity via an increase in DRA surface levels in human intestinal epithelial cells. However, the long-term effects of LPA on DRA at the level of gene transcription have not been examined. The present studies were aimed at investigating the effects of LPA on DRA function and expression as well as elucidating the mechanisms underlying its transcriptional regulation. Long-term LPA treatment increased the Cl−/HCO3− exchange activity in Caco-2 cells. LPA treatment (50–100 μM) of Caco-2 cells significantly stimulated DRA mRNA levels and DRA promoter activity (−1183/+114). This increase in DRA promoter activity involved the LPA2 receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways. Progressive deletions from −1183/+114 to −790/+114 abrogated the stimulatory effects of LPA, indicating that the −1183/−790 promoter region harbors LPA response elements. Utilizing EMSA and mutational studies, our results showed that LPA induced the DRA promoter activity in a c-Fos-dependent manner. LPA also increased the protein expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of c-Fos but not c-Jun enhanced the DRA promoter activity. This increase in DRA transcription in response to LPA indicates that LPA may act as an antidiarrheal agent and could be exploited for the treatment of diarrhea associated with inflammatory or infectious diseases of the gut.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF REJUVENATORS ON PENETRATION AND SOFTENING POIND OF AGED POLYMER-MODIFIED ROAD BITUMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Audrius Vaitkus ◽  
Indrė Palionytė ◽  
Rita Kleizienė
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Solar Uv

The article describes the effiency of polymer-modified road bitumen regeneration with two types of rejuvenators. Two alternative rejuvenators have been selected aromatic oil Nygen 910 and soft road bitumen V12000. PMB 45/80-55 bitumen, which is used in the upper and lower layers of asphalt pavement, was investigated. During the life time of the asphalt pvement, due to the effects of solar UV radiation, temperature and oxygen, of all the layers of the structure asphalt top layer reaches the highest degree of aging. Short-term and long-term aging were performed to simulate the aging of the bitmen under laboratory conditions. To determine the optimal amount of rejuvenator experiments were performed with 8%, 10% ir 14% rejuvenator by bitumen mass. The effect of rejuvenators were evaluated by studying the main physical properties of bitumen: penetration and softening temperature. Ina n experimental study, aromatic oil was found to be more than 2.5 times more effective than soft bitumen.

scholarly journals Activation of GPR39 With TC-G 1008 Attenuates Neuroinflammation Via SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 Pathway Post Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Injury in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shucai Xie ◽  
Xili Jiang ◽  
Desislava Met Doycheva ◽  
Hui Shi ◽  
Peng Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract Background: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe anoxic brain injury that leads to premature mortality or long-term disabilities in infants. Neuroinflammation is a vital contributor to the pathogenic cascade post HIE and a mediator to secondary neuronal death. As a plasma membrane G-protein coupled receptor, GPR39, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in several diseases. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective function of GPR39 through inhibition of inflammation post hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury and to elaborate the contribution of sirtuin 1(SIRT1)/ peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)/ nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2(Nrf2) in G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39)-mediated protection.Methods: A total of 206 10-day old Sprague Dawley rat pups were subjected to HIE or sham surgery. TC-G 1008 was administered intranasally at 1h, 25h, 49h, and 73h post HIE induction. SIRT1 inhibitor EX527, GPR39 CRISPR, and PGC-1α CRISPR were administered to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Brain infarct area, short-term and long-term neurobehavioral tests, Nissl staining, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were performed post HIE.Results: The expression of GPR39 and pathway-related proteins, SIRT1、PGC-1α and Nrf2 were increased in a time-dependent manner, peaking at 24 h or 48h post HIE. Intranasal administration of TC-G 1008 reduced the percent infarcted area and improved short-term and long-term neurological deficits. Moreover, TC-G 1008 treatment significantly increased the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf2, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. GPR39 CRISPR EX527 and PGC-1α CRISPR abolished GPR39’s neuroprotective effects post HIE.Conclusions:TC-G 1008 attenuated neuroinflammation in part via the SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway in a neonatal rat model of HIE. TC-G 1008 may be a novel therapeutic target for treatment post neonatal HIE injury.

Do Immigrants Screened for Skills Do Better than Family Reunification Immigrants?

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermina Jasso ◽  
Mark R. Rosenzweig
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
Occupational Outcomes ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Better Than

It is sometimes thought that immigrants who are screened for occupational skills are likely to become more productive Americans than immigrants who gain admission on the basis of family ties to native-born U.S. citizens or to previous immigrants. However, the expected differential may be small or nonexistent because: 1) kinship immigrants have access to family networks; 2) whereas employers may screen for short-term productivity, family members may screen for long-term productivity; and 3) native-born U.S. citizens who sponsor spouses may be particularly adept at screening for long-term success. Longitudinal data on the 1977 immigrant cohort is used to compare initial and longer-term occupational outcomes among employment and kinship immigrants. Results indicate a narrowing of the differential, due both to higher rates of occupational downgrading among employment immigrants and of occupational upgrading among kinship immigrants.

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