scholarly journals PESANTREN SEBAGAI MATA AIR KEBUDAYAAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Ngatawi El Zastrouw

Besides as a center of education that teaches and spreads Islam, pesantren is actually the center of Islamic culture of Nusantara.Walisongo is the foundation of a cultural strategy that makes traditions and cultural arts as means or instruments (wasilah) and methods(manhaj) in teaching and spreading Islam in Nusantara. Walisongo’s cultural strategy is continued by pesantren in the next phase, especiallywhen facing Western culture in the colonial era. since then the pesantren became the springs of culture that inspired the ulama and ummaatIslam Nusantara when in touch and dealing with the various cultures that came later, especially secular modern culture with the ideologicaltools that accompany it. 

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Amir Farahzadi

One of the most efficient weapons of dominators, was anonymity of dominated societies to continue to rule. In recent decades, there were high trying to make the third world societies in dream and make the people understood that they are dependent to other people and other societies. In Reza Khan Era, England country was idea maker in his rule in all dimensions of the country. So, his ruling method was formed based on England thought and idea and in hid son Era, some American policies were replaced. Mohammad Reza Shah, tried to advertise about the western culture, and he founded the country constructional system, on the basis of western structure. Imam Khomeini as the leader of Islamic Republic was informed about the policies of shah along changes at the aim of American purposes, therefore, he noted that the only way to challenge with Shah is rehabilitation of Islamic culture and removing the western culture and he has tried to get the people informed about the sensitive conditions and to rehabilitate the sense of confidence and independence as the Islamic value. This research aim is to present the idea of arrogance and anti-colonialism in orientation of public thoughts against Pahlavi Government.


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-469
Author(s):  
Kornelia Hahn

Using water for body treatments has an especially long tradition in many cultures and, is deeply intertwined with Roman and Ottoman culture. However, it is clear that today it is not possible to attribute bathing – not even a specific type of bathing, such as the hammam steam bath – to one particular culture (ignoring the obvious problems associated with trying to delineate clearly between such blurred constructs as a specific culture or as a discrete entity). Thus, the ‘Turkish bath’ is a widely used term introduced to Europe in the eighteenth century or applied to various different manifestations. The term reflects the European perception of Turkish bathing culture, primarily connected with bathing within a hammam complex or – as the Turkish term goes – a hammami. Bathing in the hammam-style is rather a Roman cultural practice, an element adapted and integrated in Ottoman culture and readapted thereafter into modern Western culture. It is often believed that these practices are rooted in the cultural history of the present state of Turkey (although ancient ‘Turkish bath’ architecture famously exists in Greece or Albania, too1). Furthermore, the geographical or architectural nexus between mosques and hammams and, also, the temporal order of Islamic culture (in which visiting a hammam before various ritual occasions is required) have often suggested seeing the Turkish bath as a religious custom.


Problemos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Algis Mickunas

The scientific modern Western pronouncement that everything has to be treated with objective impartiality requires the positing of our own culture as one among others, having no value claim to be privileged in its various pronouncements. The claim to scientific objectivity is an aspect of Western modern culture and belongs only to its interpretive context. Hence, the very claim to Western scientific superiority as having methods to access all phenomena objectively is a culture bound position that cannot be universal. After all, “objectively speaking” other cultures, as equal, have very different understandings that do not include such tandems as “objectivity” or for that matter “subjectivity.” Culturally objectively speaking, we cannot deny them their different reading of cultural, and indeed all other, phenomena. To say that the others are wrong would be tantamount to saying that we have a criterion of the “right culture” which belongs only to our culture. But in this sense, one abolishes the treatment of other cultures as given objectively and equivalently. We then would posit our scientific culture as universal and require that all others interpret themselves in terms of our own requirements. If social theory is part of modern western culture, then it is limited by that culture and cannot claim universality.Keywords: civilizational awareness, common daily world, life world, transitional awareness.Socialinė teorija civilizacijos požiūriuAlgis MickūnasSantraukaModerni mokslinė Vakarų nuostata, kad viskas turi būti traktuojama objektyviai ir nešališkai, reikalauja mūsų pačių kultūrą priimti kaip vieną iš daugelio, nesuteikiant privilegijuoto statuso jokioms jos formoms. Mokslinio objektyvumo reikalavimas yra šiuolaikinės Vakarų kultūros bruožas ir priklauso tik jos interpretaciniam kontekstui. Taigi, pati Vakarų mokslo pretenzija į metodų, leidžiančių pažinti visus reiškinius objektyviai, monopolį yra kultūriškai sąlygota ir negali būti universali. Kitoms kultūroms, kaip lygioms, būdingos visai kitokios nuostatos, kuriose nerasime Vakarams įprasto „objektyvumo“ ir „subjektyvumo“ tandemo. Kultūriškai objektyviai kalbant, mes negalime paneigti kitokio jų kultūrinių ir kitokių fenomenų supratimo. Sakyti, kad kiti klysta, yra tas pat, kas teigti, jog turime teisingos kultūros kriterijų, kuris priklauso tik mūsų kultūrai. Taip būtų neigiamas kitų kultūrų traktavimas kaip objektyviai duotų ir lygiaverčių. Taip mes laikytume savo mokslinę kultūrą universalia ir reikalautume visas kultūras interpretuoti pagal mūsų kultūros standartus. Jei socialinė teorija yra modernios Vakarų kultūros dalis, ji turi išlikti toje kultūroje ir negali pretenduoti į universalumą.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: civilizacinis supratimas, kasdienis pasaulis, gyvenamasis pasaulis, pereinamasis supratimas.


ICCD ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
Hagung Kuntjara SW ◽  
Anzaludin Samsinga Perbangsa ◽  
Retno Dewanti

Pasirmulya Village, Banjaran District, Bandung Regency, West Java, is geographically located on the slopes of Mount Puntang. Pasirmulya Village has a lot of potential as a thematic tourist destination, such as; Best plantations and coffee products in the world, Tourist sites heritage radio transmitters in the Dutch colonial era, Cycling tracks and cross-country trail motorbikes, Natural tourism and beautiful panoramas, Cultural arts and life of the agrarian Sundanese indigenous people who are relatively still awake, Centers of handicrafts and typical village food, and Homestay Village - Wangun. Pasirmulya village with all its uniqueness is very potential to build as an alternative tourist destination, because it is very close to the city of Bandung. The results of field research to record the potential of Pasirmulya village which is grouped into several categories which will be used as web content in page menus according to the categories of potential existing tourism objects. Throughout the collecting data’s of potential villages and a long the process of designing the website Tourist Villageasirmulya' also involves the human resources of the local community as an activites guidance of transformation knowledge and technology.  It is hoped that this website will also help introduce the Tourist VillagePasirmulya' to the wider community.


2006 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Fesich

International thinking – a nice expression, widely used by political and economical leaders and easily found on all major newspapers nowadays. But has it been always like that? Globalisation is considered to be a rather new development in history. On the contrary, the term eurocentrism is not spread so widely in the common language (not taking into consideration the so-called scientific community). However, eurocentrism has been an important phenomenon during the development of Europe in the world. Eurocentrism, as a variant of ethnocentrism, describes the way of emphasising European values and culture (often also described as the Western culture, contrasting with the Islamic culture – which actually compares a geographical character with a religious one and therefore, a priori, leads to confusion and unfair comparisons!) i compared to other cultures.


2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-491
Author(s):  
W Stoker

God in the (Post modern culture – George Steiner on transcendence in art and cultureIn his 1989 study Real Presences the well-known philosopher and literary scholar George Steiner argues that there is a crisis in philosophy, art and literature. The contract between word and world has been broken, whereby we can no longer make any assertions about human beings and the world. Communication thus becomes problematic. The (post)modern world has become nihilistic. Steiner provides a theological explanation for what in his view is a serious crisis in (post)modern art and in Western culture in general: he blames this crisis for the loss of transcendence through the “death of God”.This paper will show that Steiner, on the basis of his metaphysical view of transcendence ends up with the dilemma of having to choose between transcendence or immanence/nihilism. This dilemma is unnecessary to the extent that it suggests that transcendence is identical with metaphysical transcendence. If we reject this identification, then the alternative for Steiner’s metaphysical transcendence is not only immanence, viewed as nihilism but can also be another form of transcendence. And this casts another light on the crisis Steiner has indicated in culture.


Author(s):  
Yully Mardena ◽  
Bukhari Bukhari

Walisongo means guardian of Nine, namely Nine people who love and are loved by Allah, preach spreading Islam in areas that have not embraced Islam on Java. Era Walisongo is the era of the end of Hindu-Buddhist domination in the culture of the archipelago to be replaced with Islamic culture. They are a symbol of the spread of Islam in Indonesia. Especially in Java. Of course many other characters also play a role. The sociology of da'wah is the study of the relationships between the process of da'wah and social processes, while the anthropology of da'wah concentrates the process of da'wah in its cultural aspects. There are a number of Walisongo propaganda movements that use sociological and anthropological approaches including: First, through the Sufistic approach. Walisongo made a sufistic approach to preaching, including Sunan Bonang and Sunan Kalijaga. The process of assimilating Hindu Buddhist religious traditions such as Sradha (meruwat ceremony of spirits after twelve years of death). A new tradition of Islam was born called Nyradha or Nyadran (the ceremony of sending prayers to spirits). Second, Da'wah through assimilation of education. Da'wah through assimilation of education through Islamic boarding schools, magicians and colleges through langgar, tajuk, mosques and children's games. Walisongo formulated the values of monotheism and Shiva-Buddha (adwayasashtra) with the teachings of Islamic monotheism adopted by Sufi teachers. Third, Da'wah through art and culture. Cultural art was used as an effective means of da'wah by Walisongo in the dissemination of various values, understandings, concepts, ideas, views and ideas originating from Islamic teachings. Assimilation through cultural arts is done like changing the puppet about the gods with the genealogy of the prophet Adam. Da'wah Walisongo is flexible by incorporating Islamic teachings into existing traditions so as not to erase traditions that have become a habit of the people at that time. After entering Islam, new Islamic law is taught. The next task of the preacher is to improve da'wah in the community.


Author(s):  
Johann Gregory

The notion of fragility is a pervasive one in Western culture. Considering its appearance in early modern texts can help us to understand the history of fragility, as an idea, metaphor and feeling. The relationship between humans and breakable things is used as a metaphor that recognizes human limitations in body or mind. This essay begins with one peculiar instance of fragility from Shakespeare’s Timon of Athens before analysing other examples in early modern culture. It ends by making a few tentative propositions regarding the relationships between literature, material culture and the representations of human fragility.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-193
Author(s):  
Ewelina Drzewiecka

Abstract The paper raises the question of functioning of Biblical tradition in modern culture in the perspective of the history of ideas. Referring to the postsecular interpretation of the Modernity, the research is based on Biblical paraphrases in Bulgarian literature of the interwar period, which are perceived as a testimony of the search for a worldview. The aim is to show how a situation of ideological turmoil accompanied by experiences of social crisis leads to utilizing a Gnostic worldview. The phenomenon is seen in a broader context as an illustration of transmission of ideas within the Western culture and religious thought.


IIUC Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Md Cholem Ullah

This paper is a humble endeavor to look at the relationship between Islam and globalisation from cultural perspective. The paper explores the nature of Islamic culture and its interaction with the west as part of the fundamental factors of how the west employ the policies against Islam in the most inhumane form. Now, western powers have been propagating against Islam. It is thus significant to analyze the role of ummah in this milieu of cultural globalisation for preparedness in shaping and constructing the course of globalisation in the coming days. This paper seeks to explain how will ummah meet challenges facing Islam as a cultural participator in globalisation where Islam is attributed with terrorism and other allegations, albeit is not Islamic at all and will never been part of the Islamic teaching and culture.Against this backdrop, Islam's future and its culture depend on Muslim ummah’s ability and their uncompromising mindset- not to integrate modernity and western culture into Islam but to make the new global order that can infuse religious norms like solidarity, community and identity. IIUC Studies Vol.16, December 2019: 57-76


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