scholarly journals Einfluß von Booroola-Merinos auf Fettgehalt und -qualität der Schlachtkörper bei Kreuzung mit Merinofleischschafen

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Suess ◽  
K. Heylen ◽  
G. von Lengerken
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Score

Abstract. Title of the paper: The effect of Booroola on fat content and fat quality of carcasses in crosses with German Mutton Merinos Taking actual consumer demands into consideration possible influences of fecundity genes, like that of the Australian Booroola Merino (FecB), on fat content, fat distribution and fat quality of lamb carcasses are of special interest. Within a project investigating the introgression of the FecB-gene into German Mutton Merino (GMM) in total 144 male lambs with different portions of Booroola (B) were tested between 1995 and 1997. The animals were fed ad lib. a pelleted grain mixture from 20 up to 42 kg body weight. There are no differences in kidney fat percentage, subcutaneous fat thickness, percentage fat of the loin as well as intramuscular fat (IMF) between carcasses of B-crosses (1/8 or 1/16 B) and GMM. Differences in the fat score disappear in lambs of the third backcross generation. The offspring of heterozygous carriers has a higher percentage of intermuscular fat and less IMF. B-crosses show lower melting points in IMF and kidney fat, which corresponds with changes in the fatty acid composition. Also the ratio between linoleic and linolenic acid was higher, especially in the offspring of gene-carriers. In general the differences between GMM and the involved B-crosses are small and unfavourable estimations of the carcass quality by the consumers are unlikely. Obvious there is no pleiotropic effect of the FecB-gene on fat content, distribution and quality. Correlated effects appear only in a few traits and show no evidence in crossbred lambs with even or less than 1/16 B.

scholarly journals The Potential Use of Layer Litter in Awassi Lamb Diet: Its Effects on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Belal Obeidat ◽  
Mohammad Mayyas ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Mofleh Awawdeh ◽  
Rasha Qudsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Water Holding

Carcass parameters and meat quality in lambs that consumed diets having layer hen litter (LL) were evaluated in a complete randomized study. Forty-two lambs were allocated equally (14 lambs/treatment diet) into one of three iso-nitrogenous diets for 75 days. To partially replace soybean meal and barley, LL was given at 0 (LL0), 150 (LL150), or 300 g/kg (LL300) of dietary dry matter (DM). At the termination of the trial, the characteristics of carcasses (hot and cold carcass weight, dressing percentage, and carcass cuts) and meat quality (Musculus longissimus linear dimensions, ultimate pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity (WHC), shear force (SF), color coordinates) were measured after slaughtering all lambs. Longissimus muscle weight was greatest (p < 0.05) for the LL150. For the dissected loin, intermuscular fat content was lowest for the LL0 diet. However, subcutaneous fat content was lower (p < 0.05) in the LL300 diet than LL0 and LL150 diets. Rib fat depth and Musculus longissimus area were greater (p < 0.05) for LL150 than L0. No differences were found in meat pH or color parameters among treatments but WHC and SF were lower in L0 lambs than in lambs fed LL containing diets. Cooking loss was greater for the LL300 diet than the LL0 diet. In summary, quality of meat and carcasses data indicate the possibility of inclusion of LL up to 300 g/kg DM to growing Awassi lambs.

Effects of the percentage of Texel or Rouge de ľOuest genes in lambs on carcass characteristics and meat quality

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Carson ◽  
B. W. Moss ◽  
R. W. J. Steen ◽  
D. J. Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Ram Lambs

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of the percentage of Texel or Rouge de l’Ouest (Rouge) genes in lambs (0, 50, 75 or 100%; the remainder being Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface)) on lamb carcass characteristics and meat quality. Ewe lambs were slaughtered at 34, 40, 46 and 52 kg and ram lambs were slaughtered at 40, 46, 52 and 58 kg live weight. Dressing proportion increased (P < 0·001) by 0·53 and 0·27 g carcass weight per kg live weight for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes respectively. Carcass conformation classification increased (P < 0·001) by 0·016 and 0·007 units (on a five-point scale) for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes respectively. Carcass fat depth measures were reduced by Texel and Rouge genes such that at a constant fat depth end point, carcass weight could be increased by 0·029 and 0·023 kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Carcass lean content increased (P < 0·001) by 0·99 and 0·27 g/kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Subcutaneous fat content was reduced (P < 0·001) by 0·36 and 0·29 g/kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Intermuscular fat content was reduced (P < 0·01) by 0·38 g/kg per 1% increase in Texel genes, whereas Rouge genes had no effect. Similarly, bone content was reduced (P < 0·01) by Texel genes only (0·31 g/kg per 1% increase in Texel genes). Warner-Bratzler shear force values showed a quadratic effect with increasing Texel and Rouge genes, with an initial decrease from 0 to 50% followed by an increase to 100%. Cooking loss increased (P = 0·05) as the percentage of Rouge genes in lambs increased. Increasing the percentage of Texel or Rouge genes significantly increased L* values (P < 0·01 and P < 0·05 respectively), b* values (P = 0·05 and P< 0·05 respectively) and H° values (P < 0·001).

Using real-time ultrasound for in vivo assessment of carcass and internal adipose depots of dairy sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 650-658
Author(s):  
J. Afonso ◽  
C. M. Guedes ◽  
A. Teixeira ◽  
V. Santos ◽  
J. M. T. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Intermuscular Fat

AbstractFifty-one Churra da Terra Quente ewes (4–7 years old) were used to analyse the potential of real-time ultrasound (RTU) to predict the amount of internal adipose depots, in addition to carcass fat (CF). The prediction models were developed from live weight (LW) and RTU measurements taken at eight different locations. After correlation and multiple linear regression analysis, the prediction models were evaluated by k-fold cross-validation and through the ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD). All prediction models included at least one RTU measurement as an independent variable. Prediction models for the absolute weight of the different adipose depots showed higher accuracy than prediction models for fat content per kg of LW. The former showed to be very good or excellent (2.4 ⩽ RPD ⩽ 3.8) for all adipose depots except mesenteric fat (MesF) and thoracic fat, with the model for MesF still providing useful information (RPD = 1.8). Prediction models for fat content per kg of LW were also very good or excellent for subcutaneous fat, intermuscular fat, CF and body fat (2.6 ⩽ RPD ⩽ 3.2), while the best prediction models for omental fat, kidney knob, channel fat and internal fat still provided useful information. Despite some loss in the accuracy of the estimates obtained, there was a similar pattern in terms of RPD for models developed from LW and RTU measurements taken just at the level of the 11th thoracic vertebra. In vivo RTU measurements showed the potential to monitor changes in ewe internal fat reserves as well as in CF.

The Effect of Breed, Sex and Carcass Weight on the Composition of Lamb Retail Cuts

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 152-152
Author(s):  
A.J. Brown ◽  
B.W. Butler-Hogg ◽  
J.D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Retail Cuts ◽  
Conventional Manner

Because the majority of lamb in Britain 1s sold to the consumer ‘bone-In’ it 1s difficult to trim excessive fat. Nevertheless, consumer acceptability of specific retail cuts 1s markedly affected by the fat content of that joint at the point of sale. Therefore, any strategy which aims to define breed-specific carcass weights at slaughter needs to consider the effect this will have on retail joint weights, their composition and hence acceptability. This study examined the effect of breed, sex and carcass weight on the proportions of the four main lamb cuts, and their composition.In this study a total of 317 castrated males and 238 females from six pure breeds (Clun Forest, Dorset Horn, Hampshire Down, Suffolk, Colbred and Welsh Mountain), were slaughtered in. the conventional manner. The range 1n cold carcass weight (CCW) was from 12 to 24 kg. Carcasses were jointed and each of the nine joints then dissected into lean, bone, subcutaneous fat (SCF) and intermuscular fat (IMF) (Brown and Williams, 1979)1 For ease of presentation the data for nine joints were reduced to four by combining some of them. The shoulder Included the neck, the breast Included the brisket and flank, the leg Included the upper and lower leg and the loin included the best end of neck.

scholarly journals Circulating steroid levels as correlates of adipose tissue phenotype in premenopausal women

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève B. Marchand ◽  
Anne-Marie Carreau ◽  
Sofia Laforest ◽  
Julie-Anne Côté ◽  
Marleen Daris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Adipocyte Size ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy

AbstractBackgroundObesity-related alterations in the circulating steroid hormone profile remain equivocal in women. Our objective was to identify circulating steroid levels that relate to increased adiposity and altered adipose phenotype in premenopausal women.Materials and methodsIn a sample of 42 premenopausal women [age 46 ± 3 years; body mass index (BMI) 27.1 ± 4.2 kg/m2], 19 plasma steroids were quantified by electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (ESI-LC-MS/MS). Body composition and fat distribution were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT), respectively. Markers of adipose tissue function including adipocyte size distributions, radiological attenuation and macrophage infiltration were also analyzed in surgically obtained visceral and subcutaneous fat samples.ResultsMany negative correlations were observed between adiposity measurements such as BMI, body fat percentage or total abdominal adipose tissue area and plasma levels of androstenedione (Δ4) (r = −0.33 to −0.39, p ≤ 0.04), androsterone (ADT) (r = −0.30 to −0.38, p ≤ 0.05) and steroid precursor pregnenolone (PREG) (r = −0.36 to −0.46, p ≤ 0.02). Visceral adipocyte hypertrophy was observed in patients with low PREG concentrations (p < 0.05). Visceral adipose tissue radiologic attenuation, a potential marker of adipocyte size, was also positively correlated with PREG levels (r = 0.33, p < 0.05). Low levels of PREG were related to increased number of macrophages infiltrating visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.05).ConclusionPlasma levels of androgens and their precursors are lower in women with increased adiposity and visceral adipocyte hypertrophy. Low circulating PREG concentration may represent a marker of adipose tissue dysfunction.

Relationships among carcass quality characteristics between and within carcass quartering sites

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Baud ◽  
C. M. Wade ◽  
M. E. Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Thickness

Carcass quality characteristics were measured on 511 steers of 4 breeds that were destined for the Japanese market. All steers had carcass measurements taken at the 10th/11th rib interface, while 103 steers had additional measurements made on the same characteristics at the 5th/6th rib interface. Australian marbling score, longissimus muscle area, intramuscular fat percentage, intramuscular water content, Japanese intermuscular fat thickness, Japanese subcutaneous fat thickness, Japanese rib thickness, and meat pH were measured in the study. These measurements allowed the phenotypic relationships between the different carcass quality traits measured at the 10th/11th rib interface to be calculated. Significant positive correlations were observed among measurements of carcass fatness, and significant negative correlations were observed between carcass fatness and carcass water content. Angus and Murray Grey cattle had higher levels of marbling and intramuscular fat than Hereford and Poll Hereford cattle The data enabled Australian, USDA, and Japanese marbling standards to be compared on the basis of intramuscular fat percentage determined by an ether extraction process. Differences between the same carcass characteristics taken at 5th/6th and 10/11th rib interfaces of the longissimus dorsi were estimated from the 103 steers measured at both sites. Correlations between the rib sites were high for marbling, intramuscular fat, and intramuscular water, but low for longissimus muscle area, intermuscular fat thickness, and pH.

Productivity and carcass composition of Friesian, Meuse-Rhine-Issel (MRI) × Friesian and Belgian Blue × Friesian steers

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Keane
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Fat Score ◽  
Total Muscle

AbstractOne hundred and twenty spring-born steers, comprising 40 Friesians (FR), 40 Meuse-Rhine-lssel (MRI) × Friesians (MR), and 40 Belgian Blue × Friesians (BB) were reared together from 3 weeks of age to the start of their second winter. During the second winter there was a 3 (FR, MR and BB breed types) × 2 (3 kg and 6 kg supplementary concentrates per head daily with grass silage ad libitum) × 2 (96- and 220-day finishing periods) factorial arrangement of treatments (10 animals per subgroup). Carcass weights and grades were recorded after slaughter at the end of the second winter, and one side from each of 96 carcasses (eight per subgroup) was dissected into bone, muscle, intermuscular fat and subcutaneous fat. A sample of m. longissimus from the 10th rib was chemically analysed. Slaughter weights and carcass weights per day from arrival to slaughter were 796, 813 and 828 (s.e.d. 11·7) g and 419, 440 and 457 (s.e.d. 7·1) g for FR, MR and BB, respectively. Corresponding carcass weights were 314, 329 and 342 (s.e.d. 4·5) kg. BB had better conformation than both FR and MR. BB also had a lower carcass fat score, lower proportions of bone, intermuscular fat and subcutaneous fat, a higher proportion of muscle and muscle with higher proportion of moisture and a lower proportion of lipid than FR and MR. The higher level of concentrates increased side iveight by 8 kg, but the overall effects on carcass composition were small. The longer finishing period increased side weight by 25 kg and was associated with significantly reduced proportions of bone and muscle and an increased proportion of fat. Allometric regression coefficients for carcass weight on slaughter weight, and for bone, muscle and fat weights on side weight were 1·19, 0·39, 0·80 and 2·16, respectively. It is concluded that despite the better carcass conformation of MR, there was little difference in carcass and muscle composition between FR and MR. BB, in addition to having a higher growth rate and better carcass conformation than FR, also had more muscle in the carcass, more of the total muscle in the higher value joints and a lower proportion of lipid in the muscle. It was calculated that FR, MR and BB would have similar proportions of separable fat in the carcass at approximate carcass weights of 300, 320 and 400 kg, respectively.

THE ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF FAT IN EWE AND RAM LAMBS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Growth Coefficient ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Total Fat

Sixteen ewes and 22 rams (crossbred lambs) were grouped by sex and fed a diet based on grain and hay. All animals were slaughtered over a 4-wk period to give a range of slaughter weights (24.0–61.8 kg). After slaughter, one side of each carcass was broken into the four primal wholesale cuts (leg, loin, rib, shoulder) with the rest of the carcass discarded as trim. The four wholesale cuts were separated into fat (subcutaneous fat (SF), intermuscular fat (IF), kidney fat (KF) and body cavity fat (BCF)) muscle and bone. Depot fat accretion in the carcass was investigated using the allometric equation with side weight and side fat weight as the independent variables. Total rate of fat deposition relative to side weight was higher in ewes than rams, and ewes had more total fat than rams when comparisons were made at the same side weight (10.03 kg). However, growth coefficients for depot fat accumulation in a side and in the wholesale cuts relative to side fat were homogeneous between sexes indicating that sex did not affect the relative accumulation of fat. SF, however, had the highest growth coefficient (1.23) and IF the lowest (0.74). At equal total side fat ewes had significantly more IF in a side than rams, but overall the differences in the distribution of fat in the wholesale cuts were minor and commercially unimportant. It was concluded that the ewes had a faster rate of fat deposition than rams but both sexes followed the same pattern of differential fat accumulation, and that the distribution of fat was dependent mainly on the total amount of fat in a carcass. Key words: Fat, lambs, carcass

Carcass composition of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
DD Charles ◽  
ER Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Intrinsic Muscles ◽  
Total Muscle

(1) Six buffalo bulls 14–48 months old were slaughtered and subjected to detailed anatomical dissection. (2) The dressing percentage of 55.2 was greater than that in cattle of similar carcass fatness (10.6). (3) Muscle constituted 37.1% of empty liveweight. (4) The carcasses had a high proportion by weight of muscle (68.6%), a low proportion of bone (17.3%), and a low proportion of fat (10.6%) relative to the proportions found in steer carcasses of similar muscle plus bone weights or total dissected fat percentages. (5) A study of muscle weight distribution showed that the spinal muscle group formed a lesser proportion of total muscle than in bovine steers, while the muscles of the proximal forelimb, those of the thorax passing onto the forelimb, and the intrinsic muscles of neck and thorax formed a greater proportion. The possibility of a sex effect on muscle weight distribution was discussed. (6) Fat distribution featured a high proportion of intermuscular fat relative to subcutaneous fat, and the proportions of kidney and channel fats were greater than those encountered in comparable bovine steer carcasses.

Studies of fat distribution in the bovine carcass. I. The partition of fatty tissues between depots

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
HR Johnson ◽  
RM Butterfield ◽  
WJ Pryor
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Definition Of

(1) Total side fat (total dissected fat plus intramuscular fat) was examined in 23 bovine carcasses in four weight ranges. (2) The partition of fatty tissue between five depots revealed relative rises in intermuscular and subcutaneous depots and relative declines in intramuscular, kidney, and channel fats with increasing carcass weight. (3) Intermuscular and subcutaneous fats reached high levels relative to total side fat at different stages. Intermuscular fat rose quickly to c. 45.0% of total side fat at about 2.0 kg total side fat (c. 56 days) whilst subcutaneous fat reached 29.0% at c. 13.0 kg total side fat (c. 270 days). (4) Intramuscular fat did not show an increase relative to total side fat as carcass weight increased. Its contribution to total fat was greatest in the lightest sides and reached a minimal value at c. 13.0 kg total side fat, which it maintained thereafter. (5) All regressions of the weight of five fat depots on total side fat were highly significant (P < 0.01). (6) There appears to be a need for precise definition of fat distribution patterns in breeds and strains of cattle in order that carcasses of optimum composition might be produced.

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