scholarly journals Impact of wean to standing reflex interval on litter size of sows (Short Communication)

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
P. Humpolicek ◽  
Z. Tvrdon ◽  
J. Jaros
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Large White ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
The Real ◽  
Commercial Farm ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Sow Reproduction

Abstract. Sow reproduction influences farm economy and can be considered as key factor of pig production efficiency. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of wean to standing reflex interval on the total number of piglets born and correlated number of piglets born alive and number of piglets weaned. Study was performed on crossbreed of Large White and Landrace sows originated from a commercial farm thus our results describe the real effect under commercial conditions. The results indicate that wean to standing reflex interval influence the litter size traits negatively if this interval is longer than 108 h. Highest differences was detected between 84 and 108 h of wean to standing reflex interval where decreasing about 2.8 total number of piglets weaned (P≤0.01) was found. Mutually only small effect of number of inseminations was detected.

Studies in sow reproduction 1. The effect of nutrition between weaning and remating on the reproductive performance of primiparous sows

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Brooks ◽  
D. J. A. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Large White ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sow Reproduction

SUMMARYFollowing weaning of their first litter at 42 days post partum, 36 Landrace × (Landrace × Large White) sows were fasted for 24 hr then allocated to one of three feed levels, 1·8, 2·7 and 3·6 kg food/day, until the day after mating. During pregnancy all the sows received 1·8 kg food/day.The incidence of infertility and anoestrus was greatest for sows fed 1·8 kg/day and least for sows fed 3·6 kg·day. Sows fed 1·8 kg/day took significantly (P < 0·01) longer (21·6 + 3·0 days) to return to oestrus than sows fed 3·6 kg/day (9·2 ± 2·2 days). The mean litter size for sows fed 1·8, 2·7 and 3·6 kg food/day was 9·4 ± 0·9, 10·1 ± 0·8 and 11·5 ± 0·6 piglets respectively, but these differences were not significant.

Studies in sow reproduction. 2. The effect of lactation length on the subsequent reproductive performance of the sow

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
M. A. Varley ◽  
P. E. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Large White ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sow Reproduction

SUMMARYForty litters were weaned from their Landrace × Landrace × Large White dams at 2-day intervals to give a range of lactation lengths from 4 to 42 days. A significant (P<0·001) negative curvilinear relationship was observed between lactation length and the interval from weaning to first oestrus. This period was increased by 4·2 days with the reduction of lactation from 42 to 4 days. The relationship between lactation length and the interval from farrowing to remating was significant (P<0·001) and positively linear over the whole range of observations. A decrease of 1 day in lactation length reduced this interval by 0·91 days. Very short lactations were associated with reduced litter size at the following farrowing; sows weaned after lactation lengths between 4 and 21 days had an average litter size of 9–6 piglets born per litter in the next parity, whereas sows weaned following lactation lengths between 21 and 42 days had an average of 12·7 piglets born in the next parity (P<0·01).

scholarly journals 43 Correlates of reproductive tract anatomy and uterine histomorphometrics with fertility in swine

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
J. D'Ambrosio ◽  
M. Malopolska ◽  
R. Tuz ◽  
T. Schwarz ◽  
L. Ekanayake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Large White

Economic potential of the swine industry hinges upon the reproductive performance of sows, which may be enhanced by improving uterine capacity, a component trait of litter size and piglet productivity. Previous attempts at characterising morphological traits indicative of high uterine volume have not been completely successful, resulting in the continued need for a reliable method of predicting reproductive value to improve production efficiency of the sow. Hence, the main objective of this study was to scrutinize macro- and micro-morphology of the sow’s reproductive tract for quantitative correlations with fertility indices. Reproductive records from Polish Landrace×Polish Large White sows (mean±s.e.m. parity: 4.3±0.6, range: 2–8) were used to examine the associations between fertility and ovarian/uterine morphology (n=34) or uterine histomorphometry (n=10) posthumously. Simple linear regression was performed to determine the relationship between anatomical or histological parameters and various measures of reproductive performance. Several measures related to the ovary, including right and left ovarian weight (r=0.50, P=0.005, and r=0.49, P=0.006, respectively), were positively correlated with the litter size, whereas left ovarian number of corpora lutea (r=−0.38, P=0.04) was negatively correlated with the mean litter size. Analysis of histomorphological characteristics of the uterine wall collected during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle revealed correlations between mean litter size and myometrial vascular content (r=0.75, P=0.03), the proportion of myometrial stroma (r=−0.68, P=0.03), and the variability of endometrial thickness (r=−0.72, P=0.02) in sows. Eight ovarian, vaginal, and uterine characteristics were significantly correlated with mean lifetime numbers of live born and stillborn piglets/litter or the last litter size before slaughter. In conclusion, several anatomical and histomorphological metrics that relate to reproductive performance of swine may be used to inform production protocols and as a tool for selection of elite breeding sows, warranting future research into noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques for obtaining such measures.

An analysis of reproductive performance in pigs based on records of performance of the boar

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (85) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Baharin ◽  
RG Beilharz
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Large White ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Commercial Farm ◽  
Heritability Estimates

The reproductive performance of 308 boars with total records of 9220 matings from a large commercial farm was analysed. The boars were purebred Large White, Landrace and from the newly synthesized M breed and were mated to purebred and crossbred sows of the same breeds. The M breed was derived from crossing between Large White and Landrace pigs with foundation females selected on the basis of their ability to produce large litters. Over half the total records were from matings with sows of parity 1 and parity 2. Overall production statistics were 78.8 per cent conception rate, an average total litter size of 9.3 pigs born per litter, 6.5 per cent stillbirths, an average litter weight (live piglets) at birth of 12.2 kg, average birth weight per piglet of 1.43 kg and average gestation length of 11 5 days. Most of the traits analysed showed significant effects due to parity of dams, with performance increasing from parity 1 to parity 6 to 8, after which the performance began to decline. There were significant heterosis effects (mainly maternal) on reproduction of the sows and survival performance of the litters resulting in an estimated improvement of 11 per cent in number of live pigs born, 12.4 per cent in total litter weight at birth and 35 per cent reduction in stillbirths. Heritability estimates were generally low for most traits except for boar conception rate which was moderate (0.29).

The influence of fatness at parturition. nutrition during lactation and litter size on the performance of breeding sows

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
C.T. Whittemore ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
P. Phillips ◽  
P.R. Eastham
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Large White ◽  
Daily Feeding ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
Ad Libitum

The influence of fatness at parturition, nutrition during lactation and the size of litter upon changes in backfat depth, live weight and conformation of sows over four parities has been presented in the first report. The present report will deal with the consequences for reproductive performance and production efficiency.One hundred and two Large White x Landrace Fl hybrid gilts were purchased from the Cotswold Pig Development Company Limited at about 30 kg live weight. At mating, animals were allocated at random to one of B treatments comprising: two levels (fat and thin) of target backfat thickness at parturition (10-14 mm. T vs 20-24 mm. F): two daily feeding levels (high and low) during 4-week lactation (3 kg. L vs ad libitum to a maximum of 7 kg. H): and two sizes of sucking litter (5 vs 9 in parity 1, and 6 vs 10 in parities 2, 3 and 4).

scholarly journals Relationships between backfat thickness and parameters of reproduction in the Czech Large White sows (short communication)

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Čechová ◽  
Z. Tvrdoň
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Large White

Abstract. Relationships between backfat thickness and litter performance for individual parities were analyzed on performance-test data under field conditions of 8,285 Large White sows from 39 farms. Backfat thickness measured by ultrasound was corrected for a live weight of 90 kg. Young gilts with a higher backfat thickness achieved higher litter performance and a higher number of litters. Litter size increased from the first until the fifth parity.

scholarly journals Associations between polymorphism of the steroid 21-hydroxylase gene (<i>CYP21</i>) and litter size of Polish Large White × Polish Landrace sows* (short communication)

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
J. Ziemak ◽  
W. Grzesiak
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Large White ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Cyp21 Gene ◽  
Hydroxylase Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Reproduction Traits

Abstract. research because of the large economic impact these discoveries could have on the swine industry. The steroid 21-hydroxylase (CYP21) gene is located on chromosome 7 in the middle of the swine leukocyte antigen class (SLA) is regarded as a "candidate – gene" reproduction traits. Associations between polymorphism of the steroid 21-hydroxylase gene (CYP21) and litter size of Polish Large White × Polish Landrace sows were analysed. The 21-hydroxylase genotypes of all 286 animals were determined using a PCR-RFLP procedure. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles of CYP21/NciI and CYP21/HaeIII were follows: 0.077 – AA, 0.308 – AB, 0.615 – BB and 0.231 for CYP21/NciIA, 0.769 for CYP21/NciIB; 0.010 – AA, 0.420 – AB, 0.570 – BB and 0.221 for CYP21/HaeIIIA and 0.779 for CYP21/HaeIIIB. The CYP21/NciI genotype was significantly associated with the total number of piglets born, born alive and alive at weaning in the 5th – 10th parities. The sows with BB genotype had significantly (P≤0.01) higher level of traits than the animals with AB genotype. Analysis of reproductive traits in dependence on CYP21/NciI genotypes showed the statistically significant differences (P≤0.05) in number of piglets died before the day of weaned in 2-4 parities. The lowest value of this trait was found for the sows with the AB genotype (2.05%), while the highest – for the pigs with BB genotype (3.54%). Associations between CYP21/HaeIII and reproduction traits were not observed.

Adjustment not PTSD, the real effect of War on Reservist soldiers!

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fairweather ◽  
C. Gibbes ◽  
D. Ridley
Keyword(s):  
Real Effect ◽  
The Real

TEACH-POT: Provide Opportunities in Teaching

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Giulia Ballatore ◽  
Ettore Felisatti ◽  
Laura Montanaro ◽  
Anita Tabacco
Keyword(s):  
Academic Community ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
The Real ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
Different Levels

This paper is aimed to describe and critically analyze the so-called "TEACHPOT" experience (POT: Provide Opportunities in Teaching) performed during the last few years at Politecnico di Torino. Due to career criteria, the effort and the time lecturers spend in teaching have currently undergone a significant reduction in quantity. In order to support and meet each lecturers' expectations towards an improvement in their ability to teach, a mix of training opportunities has been provided. This consists of an extremely wide variety of experiences, tools, relationships, from which everyone can feel inspired to increase the effectiveness of their teaching and the participation of their students. The provided activities are designed around three main components: methodological training, teaching technologies, methodological experiences. A discussion on the findings is included and presented basing on the data collected through a survey. The impact of the overall experience can be evaluated on two different levels: the real effect on redesigning lessons, and the discussion on the matter within the entire academic community.

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