Co-located column and in situ measurements of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the tropics compared with model simulations

Abstract. The first ground-based remote sensing measurements of the column averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2 (XCO2) in tropical South America have been obtained at Paramaribo, Suriname (5.8° N, 55.2° W). The remote sensing observations are complemented by surface air-samples collected at the site, analyzed for CO2 and 13CO2. The surface in-situ measurements are strongly influenced by local sources. From the isotopic composition of the air samples the local source component is suggested to be dominated by the terrestrial biosphere. Using δ13C from the NOAA/ESRL stations Ascension Is. (ASC), 7.9° S, 14.4° W, and Ragged Point (RPB), 13.2° N, 59.4° W, the data has been corrected for the local source component. Due to the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) over the measurement site the sampled air masses belong to the Northern or Southern Hemisphere depending on the time of the year. Comparison to analyzed CO2 fields based on TM3 model simulations using optimized fluxes indicate agreement for the seasonality in XCO2 as well as for the corrected CO2 mixing ratios at the surface for the long dry season, when Paramaribo belongs to the Southern Hemisphere. A slightly worse agreement during the short dry season is attributed to a larger representation error during this time of the year. Overall the comparison indicates that the TM3 model is capable to simulate the seasonal variation of surface concentrations as well as column densities of CO2 correctly at Paramaribo. It has been also shown that the column measurements currently performed at Paramaribo have a limited precision and lack the link to the in situ measurements. Solutions for future improvements have been suggested.

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Co-located column and in situ measurements of CO<sub>2</sub> in the tropics compared with model simulations

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ◽

10.5194/acpd-10-3173-2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 3173-3187

Author(s):

T. Warneke ◽

A. K. Petersen ◽

C. Gerbig ◽

A. Jordan ◽

C. Rödenbeck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Southern Hemisphere ◽

Dry Season ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Local Source ◽

Air Samples ◽

Model Simulations ◽

Mixing Ratios ◽

Source Component

Abstract. The first ground-based remote sensing measurements of the column averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2 (XCO2) for the inner tropics have been obtained at Paramaribo, Suriname (5.8° N, 55.2° W). The remote sensing observations are complemented by surface air-samples collected at the site, analyzed for CO2 and 13CO2. The surface in-situ measurements are strongly influenced by local sources. From the isotopic composition of the air samples the local source component is suggested to be dominated by the terrestrial biosphere. Using δ13C from the NOAA/ESRL stations Ascension Is. (ASC), 7.9° S, 14.4° W, and Ragged Point (RPB), 7.9° S, 14.4° W, the data has been corrected for the local source component. Due to the migration of the ITCZ over the measurement site the probed air masses belong to the Northern or Southern Hemisphere depending on the time of the year. Comparison to analyzed CO2 fields based on TM3 model simulations using optimized fluxes indicate agreement for XCO2 as well as for the corrected CO2 mixing ratios at the surface for the long dry season, when Paramaribo belongs to the Southern Hemisphere. A slightly worse agreement during the short dry season is attributed to a larger representation error during this time of the year. Overall the comparison demonstrates that the TM3 model is capable to simulate surface concentrations as well as column densities of CO2 correctly at the same location.

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A comparison of sea surface temperatures from microwave remote sensing of the Labrador Sea with in situ measurements and model simulations

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/2006jc003578 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 111 (C12) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

William J. Emery ◽

Peter Brandt ◽

Andreas Funk ◽

Claus Böning

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Microwave Remote Sensing ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Labrador Sea ◽

Sea Surface Temperatures ◽

Model Simulations ◽

Surface Temperatures

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Particulate matter variability in Kathmandu based on in-situ measurements, remote sensing, and reanalysis data

Atmospheric Research ◽

10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105623 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105623

Author(s):

Stefan Becker ◽

Ramesh Prasad Sapkota ◽

Binod Pokharel ◽

Loknath Adhikari ◽

Rudra Prasad Pokhrel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Reanalysis Data ◽

In Situ Measurements

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Mapping submerged corals in Fiji from remote sensing and in situ measurements: applications for integrated coastal management

Ocean & Coastal Management ◽

10.1016/s0964-5691(97)00001-x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 153-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Drew Knight ◽

Ellsworth LeDrew ◽

Heather Holden

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Coastal Management ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Integrated Coastal Management

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Combined remote-sensing, model, and in situ measurements of sea surface temperature as an aid to recreational navigation: crossing the Gulf Stream

International Journal of Remote Sensing ◽

10.1080/01431161.2012.712225 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 434-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Guido Cervone

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Gulf Stream ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Remote Sensing Model ◽

Sensing Model

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Aerosol optical and microphysical retrievals from a hybrid multiwavelength lidar data set – DISCOVER-AQ 2011

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-7-3095-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 3095-3112 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. Sawamura ◽

D. Müller ◽

R. M. Hoff ◽

C. A. Hostetler ◽

R. A. Ferrare ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Index Of Refraction ◽

High Spectral Resolution ◽

Lidar Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Microphysical Properties ◽

Lidar Measurements ◽

Multiwavelength Lidar

Abstract. Retrievals of aerosol microphysical properties (effective radius, volume and surface-area concentrations) and aerosol optical properties (complex index of refraction and single-scattering albedo) were obtained from a hybrid multiwavelength lidar data set for the first time. In July 2011, in the Baltimore–Washington DC region, synergistic profiling of optical and microphysical properties of aerosols with both airborne (in situ and remote sensing) and ground-based remote sensing systems was performed during the first deployment of DISCOVER-AQ. The hybrid multiwavelength lidar data set combines ground-based elastic backscatter lidar measurements at 355 nm with airborne High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar (HSRL) measurements at 532 nm and elastic backscatter lidar measurements at 1064 nm that were obtained less than 5 km apart from each other. This was the first study in which optical and microphysical retrievals from lidar were obtained during the day and directly compared to AERONET and in situ measurements for 11 cases. Good agreement was observed between lidar and AERONET retrievals. Larger discrepancies were observed between lidar retrievals and in situ measurements obtained by the aircraft and aerosol hygroscopic effects are believed to be the main factor in such discrepancies.

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Synergy between satellite observations and model simulations during extreme events

10.5194/os-2018-87 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anne Wiese ◽

Joanna Staneva ◽

Johannes Schultz-Stellenfleth ◽

Arno Behrens ◽

Luciana Fenoglio-Marc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Satellite Data ◽

Extreme Events ◽

Wave Model ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Model Simulations ◽

Significant Wave ◽

Operational Analysis

Abstract. In this study, the quality of wind and wave data provided by the new Sentinel-3A satellite is evaluated. We focus on coastal areas, where altimeter data are of lower quality than those for the open ocean. The satellite data of Sentinel-3A, Jason-2 and CryoSat-2 are assessed in a comparison with in situ measurements and spectral wave model (WAM) simulations. The sensitivity of the wave model to wind forcing is evaluated using data with different temporal and spatial resolution, such as ERA-Interim and ERA5 reanalyses, ECMWF operational analysis and short-range forecasts, German Weather Service (DWD) forecasts and regional atmospheric model simulations -coastDat. Numerical simulations show that both the wave model forced using the ERA5 reanalyses and that forced using the ECMWF operational analysis/forecast demonstrate the best capability over the whole study period, as well as during extreme events. To further estimate the variance of the significant wave height of ensemble members for different wind forcings, especially during extreme events, an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is performed. Intercomparisons between remote sensing and in situ observations demonstrate that the overall quality of the former is good over the North Sea and Baltic Sea throughout the study period, although the significant wave heights estimated based on satellite data tend to be greater than the in situ measurements by 7 cm to 26 cm. The quality of all satellite data near the coastal area decreases; however, within 10 km off the coast, Sentinel-3A performs better than the other two satellites. Analyses in which data from satellite tracks are separated in terms of onshore and offshore flights have been carried out. No substantial differences are found when comparing the statistics for onshore and offshore flights. Moreover, no substantial differences are found between satellite tracks under various metocean conditions. Furthermore, the satellite data quality does not depend on the wind direction relative to the flight direction. Thus, the quality of the data obtained by the new Sentinel-3A satellite over coastal areas is improved compared to that of older satellites.

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