scholarly journals Improvement in tropospheric moisture retrievals from VIIRS through the use of infrared absorption bands constructed from VIIRS and CrIS data fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1191-1203
Author(s):  
E. Eva Borbas ◽  
Elisabeth Weisz ◽  
Chris Moeller ◽  
W. Paul Menzel ◽  
Bryan A. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Band ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Total Precipitable Water ◽  
Upper Tropospheric Humidity

Abstract. An operational data product available for both the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20) platforms provides high-spatial-resolution infrared (IR) absorption band radiances for Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) based on a VIIRS and Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS) data fusion method. This study investigates the use of these IR radiances, centered at 4.5, 6.7, 7.3, 9.7, 13.3, 13.6, 13.9, and 14.2 µm, to construct atmospheric moisture products (e.g., total precipitable water and upper tropospheric humidity) and to evaluate their accuracy. Total precipitable water (TPW) and upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) retrieved from hyperspectral sounder CrIS measurements are provided at the associated VIIRS sensor's high spatial resolution (750 m) and are compared subsequently to collocated operational Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and S-NPP VIIRS moisture products. This study suggests that the use of VIIRS IR absorption band radiances will provide continuity with Aqua MODIS moisture products.

scholarly journals Improvement in tropospheric moisture retrievals from VIIRS through the use of infrared absorption bands constructed from VIIRS and CrIS data fusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Eva Borbas ◽  
Elisabeth Weisz ◽  
Chris Moeller ◽  
W. Paul Menzel ◽  
Bryan A. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Band ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Total Precipitable Water ◽  
Upper Tropospheric Humidity ◽  
Operational Data

Abstract. An operational data product available for both the Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20 platforms provides high spatial resolution infrared (IR) absorption band radiances for VIIRS based on a VIIRS+CrIS data fusion method. This study investigates the use of these IR radiances, centered at 4.5, 6.7, 7.3, 9.7, 13.3, 13.6, 13.9, and 14.2 µm, to construct atmospheric moisture products (e.g., total precipitable water and upper tropospheric humidity) and to evaluate their accuracy. Total precipitable water (TPW) and upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) retrieved from hyperspectral sounder CrIS measurements are provided at the associated VIIRS sensor's high spatial resolution (750 m) and are compared subsequently to collocated operational Aqua MODIS and Suomi-NPP VIIRS moisture products. This study suggests that the use of VIIRS IR absorption band radiances will provide continuity with Aqua MODIS moisture products.

scholarly journals An Approach for Improving Cirrus Cloud-Top Pressure/Height Estimation by Merging High-Spatial-Resolution Infrared-Window Imager Data with High-Spectral-Resolution Sounder Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1477-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Weisz ◽  
W. Paul Menzel ◽  
Nadia Smith ◽  
Richard Frey ◽  
Eva E. Borbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Satellite Observation ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Cloud Top Pressure

AbstractThe next-generation Visible and Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) offers infrared (IR)-window measurements with a horizontal spatial resolution of at least 1 km, but it lacks IR spectral bands that are sensitive to absorption by carbon dioxide (CO2) or water vapor (H2O). The CO2 and H2O absorption bands have high sensitivity for the inference of cloud-top pressure (CTP), especially for semitransparent ice clouds. To account for the lack of vertical resolution, the “merging gradient” (MG) approach is introduced, wherein the high spatial resolution of an imager is combined with the high vertical resolution of a sounder for improved CTP retrievals. The Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) is on the same payload as VIIRS. In this paper Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) data are used as proxies for VIIRS and CrIS, respectively, although the approach can be applied to any imager–sounder pair. The MG method establishes a regression relationship between gradients in both the sounder radiances convolved to imager bands and the sounder CTP retrievals. This relationship is then applied to the imager radiance measurements to obtain CTP retrievals at imager spatial resolution. Comparisons with Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) cloud altitudes are presented for a variety of cloud scenes. Results demonstrate the ability of the MG algorithm to add spatial definition to the sounder retrievals with a higher accuracy and precision than those obtained solely from the imager.

scholarly journals A Blended Sea Ice Concentration Product from AMSR2 and VIIRS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2982
Author(s):  
Richard Dworak ◽  
Yinghui Liu ◽  
Jeffrey Key ◽  
Walter N. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sky Conditions

An effective blended Sea-Ice Concentration (SIC) product has been developed that utilizes ice concentrations from passive microwave and visible/infrared satellite instruments, specifically the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The blending takes advantage of the all-sky capability of the AMSR2 sensor and the high spatial resolution of VIIRS, though it utilizes only the clear sky characteristics of VIIRS. After both VIIRS and AMSR2 images are remapped to a 1 km EASE-Grid version 2, a Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) method is used to combine the AMSR2 and VIIRS SIC for a blended product at 1 km resolution under clear-sky conditions. Under cloudy-sky conditions the AMSR2 SIC with bias correction is used. For validation, high spatial resolution Landsat data are collocated with VIIRS and AMSR2 from 1 February 2017 to 31 October 2019. Bias, standard deviation, and root mean squared errors are calculated for the SICs of VIIRS, AMSR2, and the blended field. The blended SIC outperforms the individual VIIRS and AMSR2 SICs. The higher spatial resolution VIIRS data provide beneficial information to improve upon AMSR2 SIC under clear-sky conditions, especially during the summer melt season, as the AMSR2 SIC has a consistent negative bias near and above the melting point.

scholarly journals Local vibrational modes of vacancy-oxygen-related complexes at room temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-487
Author(s):  
E. A. Tolkacheva ◽  
V. P. Markevich ◽  
L. I. Murin
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Band ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Oxygen Impurity ◽  
Interstitial Oxygen ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Oxygen Defect ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Local Vibrational Modes

The isotopic content of natural silicon (28Si (92.23 %), 29Si (4.68 %) и 30Si (3.09 %)) affects noticeably the shape of IR absorption bands related to the oxygen impurity atoms. In the present work an attempt is undertaken to determine the positions of local vibrational modes (LVMs), related to quasimolecules 28Si16OS29Si and 28Si16OS30Si (OS – substitutional oxygen atom), for the absorption spectra measured at room temperature. An estimation of the isotopic shifts of corresponding modes is done by fitting the shape of the experimentally measured absorption band related to the vacancy–oxygen center in irradiated Si crystals. The LVM isotope shifts are found to be equal 2,2 ± 0.25 cm–1 for 28Si-16OS29Si and 4,3 ± 0,9 см–1 for 28Si-16OS30Si in relation to the basic band due to 28Si-16OS28Si, and the full width at half maximum of the A-center absorption band (28Si-16OS28Si) is 5,3 ± 0.25 cm–1. By means of infrared absorption spectroscopy a clear correlation between the disappearance of the divacancy (V2) in the temperature range 200–275 ºС and appearance of two absorption bands with their maxima at 825.8 and 839.2 cm–1 in irradiated oxygen-rich Si crystals is found. The band positioned at 825.8 cm–1 is assigned to a divacancy-oxygen defect V2O formed via an interaction of mobile V2 with interstitial oxygen (Oi ) atoms. The 839.2 cm–1 band is much more pronounced in neutron irradiated samples as compared to samples irradiated with electrons. We argue that it is related to a trivacancy–oxygen defect (V3O) formed via an interaction of mobile V3 with Oi atoms.

scholarly journals Contributions of Operational Satellites in Monitoring the Catastrophic Floodwaters Due to Hurricane Harvey

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell Goldberg ◽  
Sanmei Li ◽  
Steven Goodman ◽  
Dan Lindsey ◽  
Bill Sjoberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Flood Monitoring ◽  
Flooded Areas ◽  
Flood Maps

Hurricane Harvey made landfall as a Category-4 storm in the United States on 25 August 2017 in Texas, causing catastrophic flooding in the Houston metropolitan area and resulting in a total economic loss estimated to be about $125 billion. To monitor flooding in the areas affected by Harvey, we used data from sensors aboard the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite (SNPP) and the new Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-16. The GOES-16 Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) observations are available every 5 min at 1-km spatial resolution across the entire United States, allowing for the possibility of frequent cloud free views of the flooded areas; while the higher resolution 375-m imagery available twice per day from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard the SNPP satellite can observe more details of the flooded regions. Combining the high spatial resolution from VIIRS with the frequent observations from ABI offers an improved capability for flood monitoring. The flood maps derived from the SNPP VIIRS and GOES-16 ABI observations were provided to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) continuously during Hurricane Harvey. According to FEMA’s estimate on 3 September 2017, approximately 155,000 properties might have been affected by the floodwaters of Hurricane Harvey.

High spatial resolution infrared imaging of L1551-IRS 5 - Direct observations of its circumstellar envelope

1988 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Moneti ◽  
William J. Forrest ◽  
Judith L. Pipher ◽  
Charles E. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Circumstellar Envelope ◽  
Direct Observations

EMCCD-SPAD Camera data fusion for high spatial resolution time-of-flight imaging.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Callenberg ◽  
Ashley Lyons ◽  
Dennis den Brok ◽  
Robert Henderson ◽  
Matthias B. Hullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Resolution Time ◽  
Time Of Flight Imaging

scholarly journals A Photoelectric Hygrometer*

1947 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 330-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Hamermesh ◽  
Frederick Reines ◽  
Serge A. Korff
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Absorption Band ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Vapor Absorption ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Vapor Absorption ◽  
Dispersing System ◽  
Humidity Range

An instrument that measures small absolute humidity changes by the photoelectric examination of the 9,440 Ångstrom-units absorption band of water vapor is described. The instrument consists of a small source of light which sends its radiation over an air path of less than one and a half meters to a dispersing system. The resulting spectrum then is allowed to fall on two vacuum phototubes; one centered in the 9,400 Ångstrom-units absorption band of water vapor, the other located at 8,000 ngstrom units where no water vapor absorption bands exist. As the absolute humidity in the air path is varied, the phototube in the region of the band is affected; whereas the reference phototube is not. The phototubes are arranged in an amplifying circuit so as to magnify the effect of varying humidity. The instrument uses a portable microammeter instead of the sensitive galvanometer of all previous spectral hygrometers. Humidity changes of 2 to 8 × 10−5 centimeter of precipitable water path over 143 centimeters of air path can be measured. An investigation of the small sensitive range of the instrument was carried out and the results indicate that the device is confined to use over a small humidity range with equipment available at the present time.

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