High spatial resolution shortwave infrared imaging technology based on time delay and digital accumulation method

An effective blended Sea-Ice Concentration (SIC) product has been developed that utilizes ice concentrations from passive microwave and visible/infrared satellite instruments, specifically the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The blending takes advantage of the all-sky capability of the AMSR2 sensor and the high spatial resolution of VIIRS, though it utilizes only the clear sky characteristics of VIIRS. After both VIIRS and AMSR2 images are remapped to a 1 km EASE-Grid version 2, a Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) method is used to combine the AMSR2 and VIIRS SIC for a blended product at 1 km resolution under clear-sky conditions. Under cloudy-sky conditions the AMSR2 SIC with bias correction is used. For validation, high spatial resolution Landsat data are collocated with VIIRS and AMSR2 from 1 February 2017 to 31 October 2019. Bias, standard deviation, and root mean squared errors are calculated for the SICs of VIIRS, AMSR2, and the blended field. The blended SIC outperforms the individual VIIRS and AMSR2 SICs. The higher spatial resolution VIIRS data provide beneficial information to improve upon AMSR2 SIC under clear-sky conditions, especially during the summer melt season, as the AMSR2 SIC has a consistent negative bias near and above the melting point.

Download Full-text

Contributions of Operational Satellites in Monitoring the Catastrophic Floodwaters Due to Hurricane Harvey

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs10081256 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1256 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mitchell Goldberg ◽

Sanmei Li ◽

Steven Goodman ◽

Dan Lindsey ◽

Bill Sjoberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Emergency Management ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

Economic Loss ◽

The United States ◽

Flood Monitoring ◽

Flooded Areas ◽

Flood Maps

Hurricane Harvey made landfall as a Category-4 storm in the United States on 25 August 2017 in Texas, causing catastrophic flooding in the Houston metropolitan area and resulting in a total economic loss estimated to be about $125 billion. To monitor flooding in the areas affected by Harvey, we used data from sensors aboard the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite (SNPP) and the new Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-16. The GOES-16 Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) observations are available every 5 min at 1-km spatial resolution across the entire United States, allowing for the possibility of frequent cloud free views of the flooded areas; while the higher resolution 375-m imagery available twice per day from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard the SNPP satellite can observe more details of the flooded regions. Combining the high spatial resolution from VIIRS with the frequent observations from ABI offers an improved capability for flood monitoring. The flood maps derived from the SNPP VIIRS and GOES-16 ABI observations were provided to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) continuously during Hurricane Harvey. According to FEMA’s estimate on 3 September 2017, approximately 155,000 properties might have been affected by the floodwaters of Hurricane Harvey.

Download Full-text

The Project of High Spatial Resolution Near Infrared Imaging System at Beijing Observatory

Science with Astronomical Near-Infrared Sky Surveys ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-0946-8_12 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 53-54

Author(s):

J. Y. Hu

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

Imaging System ◽

Near Infrared Imaging ◽

Infrared Imaging System

Download Full-text

High spatial resolution infrared imaging of L1551-IRS 5 - Direct observations of its circumstellar envelope

The Astrophysical Journal ◽

10.1086/166245 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 327 ◽

pp. 870 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Andrea Moneti ◽

William J. Forrest ◽

Judith L. Pipher ◽

Charles E. Woodward

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

Circumstellar Envelope ◽

Direct Observations

Download Full-text

Methane Mapping with Future Satellite Imaging Spectrometers

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11243054 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 3054 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alana K. Ayasse ◽

Philip E. Dennison ◽

Markus Foote ◽

Andrew K. Thorpe ◽

Sarang Joshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

Matched Filter ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Point Sources ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Next Generation ◽

Imaging Spectrometer ◽

Satellite Imaging ◽

Shortwave Infrared

This study evaluates a new generation of satellite imaging spectrometers to measure point source methane emissions from anthropogenic sources. We used the Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Next Generation(AVIRIS-NG) images with known methane plumes to create two simulated satellite products. One simulation had a 30 m spatial resolution with ~200 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in the Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) and the other had a 60 m spatial resolution with ~400 SNR in the SWIR; both products had a 7.5 nm spectral spacing. We applied a linear matched filter with a sparsity prior and an albedo correction to detect and quantify the methane emission in the original AVIRIS-NG images and in both satellite simulations. We also calculated an emission flux for all images. We found that all methane plumes were detectable in all satellite simulations. The flux calculations for the simulated satellite images correlated well with the calculated flux for the original AVIRIS-NG images. We also found that coarsening spatial resolution had the largest impact on the sensitivity of the results. These results suggest that methane detection and quantification of point sources will be possible with the next generation of satellite imaging spectrometers.

Download Full-text

An Approach for Improving Cirrus Cloud-Top Pressure/Height Estimation by Merging High-Spatial-Resolution Infrared-Window Imager Data with High-Spectral-Resolution Sounder Data

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-11-0170.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 1477-1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elisabeth Weisz ◽

W. Paul Menzel ◽

Nadia Smith ◽

Richard Frey ◽

Eva E. Borbas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Satellite Observation ◽

High Spectral Resolution ◽

Vertical Resolution ◽

Absorption Bands ◽

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽

Cloud Top Pressure

AbstractThe next-generation Visible and Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) offers infrared (IR)-window measurements with a horizontal spatial resolution of at least 1 km, but it lacks IR spectral bands that are sensitive to absorption by carbon dioxide (CO2) or water vapor (H2O). The CO2 and H2O absorption bands have high sensitivity for the inference of cloud-top pressure (CTP), especially for semitransparent ice clouds. To account for the lack of vertical resolution, the “merging gradient” (MG) approach is introduced, wherein the high spatial resolution of an imager is combined with the high vertical resolution of a sounder for improved CTP retrievals. The Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) is on the same payload as VIIRS. In this paper Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) data are used as proxies for VIIRS and CrIS, respectively, although the approach can be applied to any imager–sounder pair. The MG method establishes a regression relationship between gradients in both the sounder radiances convolved to imager bands and the sounder CTP retrievals. This relationship is then applied to the imager radiance measurements to obtain CTP retrievals at imager spatial resolution. Comparisons with Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) cloud altitudes are presented for a variety of cloud scenes. Results demonstrate the ability of the MG algorithm to add spatial definition to the sounder retrievals with a higher accuracy and precision than those obtained solely from the imager.

Download Full-text

The project of high spatial resolution near infrared imaging system at Beijing Observatory

Astrophysics and Space Science ◽

10.1007/bf00990024 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 217 (1-2) ◽

pp. 53-54

Author(s):

J. Y. Hu

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

Imaging System ◽

Near Infrared Imaging ◽

Infrared Imaging System

Download Full-text

High Spatial Resolution Mid‐ and Far‐infrared Imaging Study of NGC 2346

The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series ◽

10.1086/422505 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 154 (1) ◽

pp. 302-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

K. Y. L. Su ◽

D. M. Kelly ◽

W. B. Latter ◽

K. A. Misselt ◽

A. Frank ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Far Infrared

Download Full-text

Improvement in tropospheric moisture retrievals from VIIRS through the use of infrared absorption bands constructed from VIIRS and CrIS data fusion

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-14-1191-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 1191-1203

Author(s):

E. Eva Borbas ◽

Elisabeth Weisz ◽

Chris Moeller ◽

W. Paul Menzel ◽

Bryan A. Baum

Keyword(s):

Absorption Band ◽

Data Fusion ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Spatial Resolution ◽

Precipitable Water ◽

Ir Absorption ◽

Absorption Bands ◽

Total Precipitable Water ◽

Upper Tropospheric Humidity

Abstract. An operational data product available for both the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20) platforms provides high-spatial-resolution infrared (IR) absorption band radiances for Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) based on a VIIRS and Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS) data fusion method. This study investigates the use of these IR radiances, centered at 4.5, 6.7, 7.3, 9.7, 13.3, 13.6, 13.9, and 14.2 µm, to construct atmospheric moisture products (e.g., total precipitable water and upper tropospheric humidity) and to evaluate their accuracy. Total precipitable water (TPW) and upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) retrieved from hyperspectral sounder CrIS measurements are provided at the associated VIIRS sensor's high spatial resolution (750 m) and are compared subsequently to collocated operational Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and S-NPP VIIRS moisture products. This study suggests that the use of VIIRS IR absorption band radiances will provide continuity with Aqua MODIS moisture products.

Download Full-text