scholarly journals A major event of Antarctic ozone hole influence in southern Brazil in October 2016: an analysis of tropospheric and stratospheric dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dornelles Bittencourt ◽  
Caroline Bresciani ◽  
Damaris Kirsch Pinheiro ◽  
José Valentin Bageston ◽  
Nelson Jorge Schuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Ozone Content ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Stratospheric Dynamics ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. The Antarctic ozone hole is a cyclical phenomenon that occurs during the austral spring where there is a large decrease in ozone content in the Antarctic region. Ozone-poor air mass can be released and leave through the Antarctic ozone hole, thus reaching midlatitude regions. This phenomenon is known as the secondary effect of the Antarctic ozone hole. The objective of this study is to show how tropospheric and stratospheric dynamics behaved during the occurrence of this event. The ozone-poor air mass began to operate in the region on 20 October 2016. A reduction of ozone content of approximately 23 % was observed in relation to the climatology average recorded between 1992 and 2016. The same air mass persisted over the region and a drop of 19.8 % ozone content was observed on 21 October. Evidence of the 2016 event occurred through daily mean measurements of the total ozone column made with a surface instrument (Brewer MkIII no. 167 Spectrophotometer) located at the Southern Space Observatory (29.42∘ S, 53.87∘ W) in São Martinho da Serra, Rio Grande do Sul. Tropospheric dynamic analysis showed a post-frontal high pressure system on 20 and 21 October 2016, with pressure levels at sea level and thickness between 1000 and 500 hPa. Horizontal wind cuts at 250 hPa and omega values at 500 hPa revealed the presence of subtropical jet streams. When these streams were allied with positive omega values at 500 hPa and a high pressure system in southern Brazil and Uruguay, the advance of the ozone-poor air mass that caused intense reductions in total ozone content could be explained. Keywords. Atmospheric composition and structure (middle atmosphere – composition and chemistry)

scholarly journals Report of a large depletion in the ozone layer over southern Brazil and Uruguay by using multi-instrumental data

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Bresciani ◽  
Gabriela Dornelles Bittencourt ◽  
José Valentin Bageston ◽  
Damaris Kirsch Pinheiro ◽  
Nelson Jorge Schuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Ozone Layer ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Secondary Effect ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Brewer Spectrophotometer ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. Ozone is one of the chemical compounds that form part of the atmosphere. It plays a key role in the stratosphere where the “ozone layer” is located and absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation. However, during austral spring (August–November), there is a massive destruction of the ozone layer, which is known as the “Antarctic ozone hole”. This phenomenon decreases ozone concentration in that region, which may affect other regions in addition to the polar one. This anomaly may also reach mid-latitudes; hence, it is called the “secondary effect of the Antarctic ozone hole”. Therefore, this study aims to identify the passage of an ozone secondary effect (OSE) event in the region of the city of Santa Maria – RS (29.68∘ S, 53.80∘ W) by means of a multi-instrumental analysis using the satellites TIMED/SABER, AURA/MLS, and OMI-ERS. Measurements were made in São Martinho da Serra/RS – Brazil (29.53∘ S, 53.85∘ W) using a sounding balloon and a Brewer Spectrophotometer. In addition, the present study aims to describe and analyse the influence that this stratospheric ozone reduction has on temperatures presented by these instruments, including data collected through the radio occultation technique. The event was first identified by the AURA/MLS satellite on 19 October 2016 over Uruguay. This reduction in ozone concentration was found by comparing the climatology for the years 1996–1998 for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, which is close to Uruguay. This event was already observed in Santa Maria/RS-Brazil on 20 October 2016 as presented by the OMI-ERS satellite and the Brewer Spectrophotometer. Moreover, a significant decrease was reported by the TIMED/SABER satellite in Uruguay. On 21 October, the poor ozone air mass was still over the region of interest, according to the OMI-ERS satellite, data from the sounding balloon launched in Santa Maria/RS-Brazil, and measurements made by the AURA/MLS satellite. Furthermore, the influence of ozone on the stratosphere temperature was observed during this period. Despite a continuous decrease detected in height, the temperature should have followed an increasing pattern in the stratospheric layer. Finally, the TIMED/SABER and OMI-ERS satellites showed that on 23 October, the air mass with low ozone concentration was moving away, and its layer, as well as the temperature, in the stratosphere was re-established. Keywords. Atmospheric composition and structure (middle atmosphere – composition and chemistry; instruments and techniques)

The Arctic ozone crater in 1989

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1113-1121
Author(s):  
W. F. J. Evans ◽  
A. E. Walker ◽  
F. E. Bunn
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Crater Floor ◽  
Circulation Cell ◽  
Tropospheric Circulation ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole ◽  
Polar Ozone

The presence of a thinned area or craterlike feature in the Arctic polar ozone layer during March, 1986 has been reported previously (Can. J. Phys. 67, 161 (1989)). In this paper the morphology of the reappearance of the crater from January to March, 1989 is described. It appeared over northern Europe in late January and moved over western Canada in late February. The minimum value of ozone in the crater floor had fallen from 300 DU (1 Dobson unit (DU) = 0.01 mm) in 1979 to a new low of less than 200 DU in 1989, which is similar to the thinned total ozone columns observed within the Antarctic ozone hole. Analysis of the available total ozone mapping spectrometer ozone measurements indicates that the crater could be explained by a combination of two mechanisms; a chemical process, which depleted the ozone concentrations at altitudes in the 14–22 km region, and a transport process, which shifted the altitude distribution of ozone upwards such as a vertical circulation cell. Although the Arctic ozone crater is similar in several aspects to the Antarctic ozone hole, there remain several differences; the issue is whether the crater and the hole are manifestations of the same phenomenon. We consider that the Arctic ozone crater is mainly produced by dynamic redistribution driven by tropospheric circulation features.

scholarly journals Investigation of the behavior of the atmospheric dynamics during occurrences of the ozone hole's secondary effect in southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dornelles Bittencourt ◽  
Damaris Kirsch Pinheiro ◽  
José Valentin Bageston ◽  
Hassan Bencherif ◽  
Luis Angelo Steffenel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Dynamics ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Jet Stream ◽  
Secondary Effect ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. The Antarctic ozone hole (AOH) directly influences the Antarctic region, where its levels can reach values below 220 DU. The temporary depletion of ozone in Antarctica generally occurs between the beginning and middle of August, during the austral spring, and extends to November, when a temporary reduction in ozone content is observed in a large region over the Antarctic continent. However, masses of ozone-depleted air can break away from the ozone hole and reach mid-latitude regions in a phenomenon known as the secondary effect of the Antarctic ozone hole. The objective of this paper is to show how atmospheric dynamics behave during the occurrence of this type of event, especially in mid-latitude regions, such as southern Brazil, over a 12-year observation period. For the analysis and identification of the events of influence of the AOH on the southern region of Brazil, data from the total ozone column were used from ground-based and satellite experiments, the Brewer Spectrophotometer (MkIII no. 167), and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura satellite. For the analysis of the stratospheric and tropospheric fields, the ECMWF reanalysis products were used. Thus, 37 events of influence of the AOH that reached the southern region of Brazil were identified for the study period (2006–2017), where the events showed that in approximately 70 % of the cases they occurred after the passage of frontal systems and/or atmospheric blocks over southern Brazil. In addition, the statistical analysis showed a strong influence of the jet stream on mid-latitude regions during the events. Among the 37 identified events, 92 % occurred in the presence of the subtropical and/or polar jet stream over the region of study, possibly explaining the exchange of air masses of ozone deficient in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UT–LS) region.

scholarly journals Measuring the Antarctic ozone hole with the new Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2353-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kramarova ◽  
E. R. Nash ◽  
P. A. Newman ◽  
P. K. Bhartia ◽  
R. D. McPeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
The Future ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. The new Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS), which launched on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite in October 2011, gives a detailed view of the development of the Antarctic ozone hole and extends the long series of satellite ozone measurements that go back to the early 1970s. OMPS includes two modules – nadir and limb – to measure profile and total ozone concentrations. The new limb module is designed to measure the vertical profile of ozone between the lowermost stratosphere and the mesosphere. The OMPS observations over Antarctica show excellent agreement with the measurements obtained from independent satellite and ground-based instruments. This validation demonstrates that OMPS data can ably extend the ozone time series over Antarctica in the future. The OMPS observations are used to monitor and characterize the evolution of the 2012 Antarctic ozone hole. While large ozone losses were observed in September 2012, a strong ozone rebound occurred in October and November 2012. This ozone rebound is characterized by rapid increases of ozone at mid-stratospheric levels and a splitting of the ozone hole in early November. The 2012 Antarctic ozone hole was the second smallest on record since 1988.

scholarly journals ANTARCTIC OZONE HOLE AS A NATURAL GEOPHYSICAL OBJECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Dergunov ◽  
Valentin B. Kashkin ◽  
Тatyana V. Rubleva ◽  
Alexey A. Romanov ◽  
Roman V. Odintsov
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Polar Region ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Satellite data on total ozone content for 1985-2015 have been used. Methods of evaluating ozone deficit in the polar region and its excess in middle latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere have been developed. In early spring the ozone molecules outflow and the ozone anomaly forms. Ozone inflows the middle latitudes, its total content increases and a ring with elevated TO forms. In October-November the dynamic process reverses, from the ring the ozone molecules transfer to the polar latitudes. The amount of ozone leaving the ring into the polar regions and filling the ozone anomaly is virtually the same. The results produces indicate that the Antarctic ozone hole is a natural geophysical formation.

scholarly journals Measuring the Antarctic ozone hole with the new Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 26305-26325 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kramarova ◽  
E. R. Nash ◽  
P. A. Newman ◽  
P. K. Bhartia ◽  
R. D. McPeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
The Future ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. The new Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) launched on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite in October 2011 gives a more detailed view of the development of the Antarctic ozone hole than ever before. This instrumental suite extends the long series of satellite ozone measurements that go back to the early 1970s. The OMPS includes two modules – nadir and limb – to measure profile and total ozone concentrations. The new limb module is designed to measure the vertical profile of ozone between the lowermost stratosphere and the mesosphere. The OMPS observations over Antarctica show excellent agreement with the measurements obtained from independent satellite and ground-based instruments. This validation demonstrates that OMPS data can ably extend the ozone time series over Antarctica in the future. The OMPS observations are used to monitor and characterize the evolution of the 2012 Antarctic ozone hole. While large ozone losses were observed in September 2012, a strong ozone rebound occurred in October and November 2012. This ozone rebound is characterized by rapid increases of ozone at mid-stratospheric levels and a splitting of the ozone hole in early November. The 2012 Antarctic ozone hole was the second smallest on record since 1988.

Identification of influential events concerning the Antarctic ozone hole over southern Brazil and the biological effects induced by UVB and UVA radiation in an endemic treefrog species

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Passaglia Schuch ◽  
Mauricio Beux dos Santos ◽  
Victor Mendes Lipinski ◽  
Lucas Vaz Peres ◽  
Caroline Peripolli dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole ◽  
Uva Radiation

scholarly journals Influence of atmospheric dynamics during events Secondary Effect of the Antarctic Ozone Hole on southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dornelles Bittencourt ◽  
Damaris Kirsch Pinheiro ◽  
José Valentin Bageston ◽  
Hassan Bencherif ◽  
Luis Angelo Steffenel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Program ◽  
Atmospheric Dynamics ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Secondary Effect ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
Frontal Systems ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. The purpose of this paper is to show how atmospheric dynamics behave during the occurrence of ozone-hole inflow events in Antarctica, especially in mid-latitude regions, such as southern Brazil, for 12 years of observation. The results showed that most events occur after the frontal systems pass through mid-latitude regions, highlighting the importance of this study for the southern region of Brazil. This work was developed by the UFSM Graduate Program in Meteorology.

The discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole

Nature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 575 (7781) ◽  
pp. 46-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole
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