scholarly journals Radiation Pattern Analysis of Antenna Systems for MIMO and Diversity Configurations

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Klemp ◽  
H. Eul
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Antenna Radiation ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Antenna Systems

Abstract. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems and antenna configurations for wideband multimode diversity rank among the emerging key technologies in next generation wireless communication systems. The analysis of such transmission systems usually neglects the influences of real antenna radiation characteristics as well as the influences of mutual coupling in a multielement antenna arrangement. Nevertheless, to achieve a detailed description of diversity gain and channel capacity by using several transmit- and receive antennas in a wireless link, it is essential to take all those effects into account. The expansion of the radiation fields in terms of spherical eigenmodes allows an analytical description of the antenna radiation characteristics and accounts for all the coupling effects in multielement antenna configurations. Therefore the radiation pattern analysis by spherical eigenmode expansion provides an efficient alternative to establish an analytical approach in the calculation of envelope correlation or channel capacity.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol for IoT Communication Systems in 5G and Beyond

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Mohammad Baniata ◽  
Haftu Tasew Reda ◽  
Naveen Chilamkurti ◽  
Alsharif Abuadbba
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Art Research

One of the major concerns in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is most of the sensor nodes are powered through limited lifetime of energy-constrained batteries, which majorly affects the performance, quality, and lifetime of the network. Therefore, diverse clustering methods are proposed to improve energy efficiency of the WSNs. In the meantime, fifth-generation (5G) communications require that several Internet of Things (IoT) applications need to adopt the use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems to provide an improved capacity over multi-path channel environment. In this paper, we study a clustering technique for MIMO-based IoT communication systems to achieve energy efficiency. In particular, a novel MIMO-based energy-efficient unequal hybrid clustering (MIMO-HC) protocol is proposed for applications on the IoT in the 5G environment and beyond. Experimental analysis is conducted to assess the effectiveness of the suggested MIMO-HC protocol and compared with existing state-of-the-art research. The proposed MIMO-HC scheme achieves less energy consumption and better network lifetime compared to existing techniques. Specifically, the proposed MIMO-HC improves the network lifetime by approximately 3× as long as the first node and the final node dies as compared with the existing protocol. Moreover, the energy that cluster heads consume on the proposed MIMO-HC is 40% less than that expended in the existing protocol.

scholarly journals Nature Inspired MIMO Antenna System for Future mmWave Technologies

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1083
Author(s):  
Saifur Rahman ◽  
Xin-cheng Ren ◽  
Ahsan Altaf ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Mujeeb Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Measured Efficiency ◽  
5G Communication

In this work, a new Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system with a novel shape inspired by nature is proposed for Fifth-Generation (5G) communication systems. The antenna is designed on a Rogers 5880. The dielectric constant of the substrate is 2.2, and the loss tangent is assumed to be 0.0009. The gain of the system for the desired bandwidth is nearly 8 dB. The simulated and the measured efficiency of the proposed system is 95% and 80%, respectively. To demonstrate the capability of the system as a potential candidate for future 5G communication devices, MIMO key performance parameters such as the Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) and Diversity Gain (DG) are computed. It is found that the proposed system has low ECC, constant DG, and high efficiency for the desired bandwidth.

Compact UWB–MIMO antenna with quad-band-notched characteristic

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wu ◽  
Yingqing Xia
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Mimo System ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
X Band ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Better Than

With quad-band-notched characteristic, a compact ultrawideband (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is introduced in the paper. The UWB–MIMO system has two similar monopole elements and occupies 30 × 45 mm2. By inserting two L-shaped slots, CSRR and C-shaped stubs, four notched bands are achieved (3.25–3.9, 5.11–5.35, 5.5–6.06, and 7.18–7.88 GHz) to filter WiMAX, lower WLAN, upper WLAN, and X-band. Meanwhile, the isolation is obviously enhanced with three metal strips on the ground plane. Results indicate that the antenna covers UWB frequency band of 3.1 – 10.6 GHz except four rejected bands, isolation of better than −18 dB, envelope correlation coefficient of <0.02, and good radiation pattern, thus making it useful for UWB systems.

scholarly journals Cryogenic Cooling in Wireless Communications

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Tomasz G. Markiewicz ◽  
Krzysztof W. Wesołowski
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Forward Error Correction ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Cryogenic Cooling ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
And Performance

Improving the capacity and performance of communication systems is typically achieved by either using more bandwidth or enhancing the effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Both approaches have led to the invention of various transmission techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and many, many others. This paper, however, focuses on the idea that should be immediately apparent when looking at Shannon’s channel capacity formula, but that somehow remained less explored for decades, despite its (unfortunately only in theory) limitless potential. We investigate the idea of improving the performance of communication systems by means of cryogenic cooling of their RF front-ends; the technique, although widely-known and used in radio astronomy for weak signal detection, has attracted limited interest when applied to wireless communications. The obtained results, though mainly theoretical, are promising and lead to a substantial channel capacity increase, implying an increase in spectral efficiency, potential range extension, or decreasing the power emitted by mobile stations. We see its applications in base stations (BSs) of machine-type communication (MTC) and Internet of Things (IoT) systems.

scholarly journals Design and Realization of Microstrip 4x4 Patch Circular MIMO Antenna at 2.4 GHz Frequency for WLAN 802.11n Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Annisa Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mutual Coupling ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Telecommunication Service ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Technology Applications

The development of wireless technology is very rapid in line with the needs of users for high-speed, efficient, reliable and quality communication systems. One of the technologies favored by telecommunication service users is Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) which is already supported byMIMO technology. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is a system consisting of more than one terminal or antenna on the transmitter and receiver sides. With the use of more than one antenna, MIMO supports transmission media specifications that require a large capacity in the communication system. This research discusses the design and realization of the MIMO 4x4 microstrip circular patch antenna that can work on the 2.4 GHz frequency band for WiFi technology applications. The inset feed method is used to get the impedance value that matches between the patch and the line. To increase gain, a linear array method is used for each antenna. Testing the effect of the distance between antennas on the mutual coupling value. As well as testing the signal strength performance of the antenna if implemented as an antenna device at the access point. The results of the MIMO 4x4 test results Circular Microstrip Patch show the value of Return Loss = -13.3 dB; Mutual Coupling = -39.3 dB; VSWR = 1.482; Signal Strength = -25 dB.

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