scholarly journals Divergent climate feedbacks on winter wheat growing and dormancy periods as affected by sowing date in the North China Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2275-2287
Author(s):  
Fengshan Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Nini Bai ◽  
Dengpan Xiao ◽  
Huizi Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Climate Feedbacks ◽  
Crop Phenology ◽  
Radiative Process ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Biophysical Processes

Abstract. Crop phenology exerts measurable impacts on soil surface properties, biophysical processes and climate feedbacks, particularly at local or regional scales. Nevertheless, the response of surface biophysical processes to climate feedbacks as affected by sowing date in winter wheat croplands has been overlooked, especially during winter dormancy. The dynamics of leaf area index (LAI), surface energy balance and canopy temperature (Tc) were simulated by a modified SiBcrop (Simple Biosphere) model under two sowing date scenarios (early sowing, EP; late sowing, LP) at 10 stations in the North China Plain. The results showed that the SiBcrop model with a modified crop phenology scheme well simulated the seasonal dynamic of LAI, Tc, phenology and surface heat fluxes. An earlier sowing date had a higher LAI with earlier development than a later sowing date. But the response of Tc to the sowing date exhibited opposite patterns during the dormancy and active-growth periods: EP led to higher Tc (0.05 K) than LP in the dormancy period and lower Tc (−0.2 K) in the growth period. The highest difference (0.6 K) between EP and LP happened at the time when wheat was sown in EP but was not in LP. The higher LAI captured more net radiation with a warming effect but partitioned more energy into latent heat flux with cooling. The climate feedback of the sowing date, which was more obvious in winter in the northern areas and in the growing period in the southern areas, was determined by the relative contributions of the albedo radiative process and partitioning non-radiative process. The study highlights the surface biophysical process of land management in modulating climate.

scholarly journals Divergent climate feedbacks in the growing period and the dormancy period to sowing date shift of winter wheat in the North China Plain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengshan Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Nini Bai ◽  
Dengpan Xiao ◽  
Huizi Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Climate Feedback ◽  
Radiative Process ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Biophysical Process

Abstract. The land cover and management changes have strong feedbacks to climate through surface biophysical and biochemical processes. Agricultural phenology dynamic exerted measurable impacts on land surface properties, biophysical process and climate feedback in particular times at local/regional scale. But the responses of climate feedback through surface biophysical process to sowing date shift in the winter wheat ecosystem have been overlooked, especially at winter dormancy period. Considering the large cultivation area, unique surface property and phenology shift of winter wheat in the North China Plain, we first validated the SiBcrop model. Then, we used it to investigate the dynamics of leaf area index (LAI) and canopy temperature (Tc) under two planting date scenarios (Early Sowing: EP; Late Sowing: LP) of winter wheat at 10 selected stations. Finally, the surface energy budget was analyzed and interpreted. The results showed that the SiBcrop with a modified crop phenology scheme better simulated the seasonal dynamic of LAI, Tc, phenology, and surface heat fluxes. Earlier sowing date had higher LAI with earlier development than later sowing date. But the response of Tc to sowing date exhibited opposite patterns during the dormancy and active growth periods: EP led to higher Tc (0.05 K) than LP in the dormancy period and lower Tc (−0.2 K) in the growth period. The highest difference (0.6 K) between EP and LP happened at the time when wheat was sown in EP but wasn't in LP. The higher LAI captured more net radiation with lower surface albedo for warming, whist surface energy partitioning exerted cooling effect. The relative contributions of albedo-radiative process and partitioning-non-radiative process determined the climate effect of sowing date shift. The spatial pattern of the climate response to sowing date was influence by precipitation and air temperature. The study highlight that the climate effects of the sowing date shift in winter dormancy period are worthy of attention.

scholarly journals The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1687-1700
Author(s):  
Li-chao ZHAI ◽  
Li-hua LÜ ◽  
Zhi-qiang DONG ◽  
Li-hua ZHANG ◽  
Jing-ting ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain

scholarly journals Does Crop Rotation Enhance Groundwater Health? A Review of the Winter Wheat Fallow Policy in the North China Plain

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2416
Author(s):  
Ming Lei ◽  
Yuqian Zhang ◽  
Yuxuan Dang ◽  
Xiangbin Kong ◽  
Jingtao Yao
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
The World ◽  
Shallow Groundwater Level

Agricultural water management is a vital component of realizing the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals because of water shortages worldwide leading to a severe threat to ecological environments and global food security. As an agro-intensified irrigation area, the North China Plain (NCP) is the most important grain basket in China, which produces 30%–40% of the maize and 60%–80% of the wheat for China. However, this area has already been one of the largest groundwater funnels in the world due to long-term over-exploitation of groundwater. Due to the low precipitation during the growing period, winter wheat requires a large amount of groundwater to be pumped for irrigation, which consumes 70% of the groundwater irrigation. To alleviate the overexploitation of groundwater, the Chinese government implemented the Winter Wheat Fallow Policy (WWFP) in 2014. The evaluation and summarization of the WWFP will be beneficial for improving the groundwater overexploitation areas under high-intensity irrigation over all the world. So far, there have been few attempts at estimating the effectiveness of this policy. To fill this gap, we assessed the planting area of field crops and calculated the evapotranspiration of crops based on remote-sensed and meteorological data in the key area—Hengshui. We compared the agricultural water consumption before and after the implementation of this policy, and we analyzed the relationship between changes in crop planting structure and groundwater variations based on geographically weighted regression. Our results showed the overall classification accuracies for 2013 and 2015 were 85.56% and 82.22%, respectively. The planting area of winter wheat, as the most reduced crop, decreased from 35.71% (314,053 ha) in 2013 to 32.98% (289,986 ha) in 2015. The actual reduction in area of winter wheat reached 84% of the target (26 thousand ha) of the WWFP. The water consumption of major crops decreased from 2.98 billion m3 of water in 2013 to 2.83 billion m3 in 2015, a total reduction of 146 million m3, and 88.43% of reduced target of the WWFP (166 million m3). The planting changes of winter wheat did not directly affect the change of shallow groundwater level, but ET was positively related to shallow groundwater level and precipitation was negatively related to shallow groundwater levels. This study can provide a basis for the WWFP’s improvement and the development of sustainable agriculture in high-intensity irrigation areas.

Mitigating heat and chilling stress by adjusting the sowing date of maize in the North China Plain

2018 ◽  
Vol 205 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beijing Tian ◽  
Jincheng Zhu ◽  
Yanshun Nie ◽  
Cailong Xu ◽  
Qingfeng Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain
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