scholarly journals Molecular analysis of the microbial community structures in water-flooding petroleum reservoirs with different temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 5177-5203 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-Y. Wang ◽  
R.-Y. Duan ◽  
J.-F. Liu ◽  
S.-Z. Yang ◽  
J.-D. Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Petroleum Reservoirs ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract. Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors regulating the activity and determining the composition of the microbial community. Analysis of microbial communities from six water-flooding petroleum reservoirs at temperatures from 20 to 63 °C by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries indicates the presence of physiologically diverse and temperature-dependent microorganisms in these subterrestrial ecosystems. In high-temperature petroleum reservoirs, most of the archaeal sequences belong to the thermophilic archaea including the genera Thermococcus, Methanothermobacter and Thermoplasmatales, most of the bacterial sequences belong to the phyla Firmicutes, Thermotogae and Thermodesulfobacteria; in low-temperature petroleum reservoirs, most of the archaeal sequences are affiliated with the genera Methanobacterium, Methanoculleus and Methanocalculus, most of the bacterial sequences to the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that temperature, mineralization, ionic type as well as volatile fatty acids showed correlation with the microbial community structures. These organisms may be adapted to the environmental conditions of these petroleum reservoirs over geologic time by metabolizing buried organic matter from the original deep subsurface environment and became the common inhabitants in subsurface environments.

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of the microbial community structures in water-flooding petroleum reservoirs with different temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4645-4659 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-Y. Wang ◽  
R.-Y. Duan ◽  
J.-F. Liu ◽  
S.-Z. Yang ◽  
J.-D. Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Petroleum Reservoirs ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Acetate Metabolism ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract. Analyses of microbial communities from six water-flooding petroleum reservoirs at temperatures from 21 to 63 °C by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries indicates the presence of physiologically diverse and temperature-dependent microorganisms in these subterrestrial ecosystems. In samples originating from high-temperature petroleum reservoirs, most of the archaeal sequences belong to thermophiles affiliated with members of the genera Thermococcus, Methanothermobacter and the order Thermoplasmatales, whereas bacterial sequences predominantly belong to the phyla Firmicutes, Thermotogae and Thermodesulfobacteria. In contrast to high-temperature petroleum reservoirs, microorganisms belonging to the Proteobacteria, Methanobacteriales and Methanomicrobiales were the most encountered in samples collected from low-temperature petroleum reservoirs. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that temperature, mineralization, ionic type as well as volatile fatty acids showed correlation with the microbial community structures, in particular members of the Firmicutes and the genus Methanothermobacter showed positive correlation with temperature and the concentration of acetate. Overall, these data indicate the large occurrence of hydrogenotrophic methanogens in petroleum reservoirs and imply that acetate metabolism via syntrophic oxidation may represent the main methanogenic pathway in high-temperature petroleum reservoirs.

Application of molecular methods to microbial community analysis of activated sludge

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Onuki ◽  
H. Satoh ◽  
T. Mino ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

In the last decade, molecular biology has made significant progress, and innovative molecular methods have become available to analyze microbial community structures. Among them, we applied the FISH (Fluorescent in situ Hybridization) method to analyze activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). As a result, domain- or division-level community structures in activated sludge were determined successfully without cultivation. We also applied the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) -DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) method for laboratory nitrifying sludge in order to investigate more detailed microbial community structure. By this method, genus- or species-level community structures were characterized well. This method was also found to be powerful for monitoring the change of microbial community structures. For example, the behavior of Nitrosomonas group was successfully detected in the reactor with nitrification by the PCR-DGGE method.

scholarly journals Impact of Substratum Surface on Microbial Community Structure and Treatment Performance in Biological Aerated Filters

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lavane Kim ◽  
Eulyn Pagaling ◽  
Yi Y. Zuo ◽  
Tao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Property Change ◽  
And Control ◽  
Start Ups

ABSTRACTThe impact of substratum surface property change on biofilm community structure was investigated using laboratory biological aerated filter (BAF) reactors and molecular microbial community analysis. Two substratum surfaces that differed in surface properties were created via surface coating and used to develop biofilms in test (modified surface) and control (original surface) BAF reactors. Microbial community analysis by 16S rRNA gene-based PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that the surface property change consistently resulted in distinct profiles of microbial populations during replicate reactor start-ups. Pyrosequencing of the bar-coded 16S rRNA gene amplicons surveyed more than 90% of the microbial diversity in the microbial communities and identified 72 unique bacterial species within 19 bacterial orders. Among the 19 orders of bacteria detected,BurkholderialesandRhodocyclalesof theBetaproteobacteriaclass were numerically dominant and accounted for 90.5 to 97.4% of the sequence reads, and their relative abundances in the test and control BAF reactors were different in consistent patterns during the two reactor start-ups. Three of the five dominant bacterial species also showed consistent relative abundance changes between the test and control BAF reactors. The different biofilm microbial communities led to different treatment efficiencies, with consistently higher total organic carbon (TOC) removal in the test reactor than in the control reactor. Further understanding of how surface properties affect biofilm microbial communities and functional performance would enable the rational design of new generations of substrata for the improvement of biofilm-based biological treatment processes.

Microbial Community Analysis inside a Biooxidation Heap for Gold Recovery in Equador

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos L. Aspiazu ◽  
Paulina Aguirre ◽  
Sabrina Hedrich ◽  
Axel Schippers
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Counts

In a mine owned by the company Orenas S.A. (Equador), a biooxidation process for gold recovery has been developed. Refractory gold ore was crushed, milled and 500 ton of flotation concentrate was agglomerated by coating a support rock. This was piled up on a liner and the biooxidation process in the heap of 35x25x6 m3 was run for approximately 150 days. The oxidized material was subsequently removed for further processing. An outcrop allowed for depth dependent sampling of altogether 36 samples at three sites over the complete depth of 6 m. The fine fraction was removed from the host rock and sent to the laboratory for analysis of the microbial community. The pH ranged between 2.2 and 2.9. Total cell counts determined via counting under a fluorescence microscope after SYBR Green staining indicated a high microbial colonialization of the heap in all depths between 106 to 109 cells per g concentrate, however the highest cell numbers were mainly found in the upper 50 cm. Most-probable-number determination of living, acidophilic iron (II)-oxidizers for one site also revealed a decrease of cell numbers with depth (between 104 to 108 cells per g concentrate). Further molecular analyses of the community composition based on extracted DNA and 16S rRNA gene analyses by TRFLP and qPCR revealed a complex archaeal and bacterial community within the heap. It can be stated that an active community of acidophiles runs the biooxidation process in all sampled parts of the heap.

scholarly journals Population Abundance of Potentially Pathogenic Organisms in Intestinal Microbiome of Jungle Crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) Shown with 16S rRNA Gene-Based Microbial Community Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Maeda ◽  
Mohammad Shohel Rana Siddiki ◽  
Tsutomu Nozawa-Takeda ◽  
Naoki Tsukahara ◽  
Yuri Tani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Jungle Crow ◽  
Corvus Macrorhynchos

Jungle Crows (Corvus macrorhynchos) prefer human habitats because of their versatility in feeding accompanied with human food consumption. Therefore, it is important from a public health viewpoint to characterize their intestinal microbiota. However, no studies have been involved in molecular characterization of the microbiota based on huge and reliable number of data acquisition. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-based microbial community analysis coupled with the next-generation DNA sequencing techniques was applied to the taxonomic classification of intestinal microbiome for three jungle crows. Clustering of the reads into 130 operational taxonomic units showed that at least 70% of analyzed sequences for each crow were highly homologous toEimeriasp., which belongs to the protozoan phylumApicomplexa. The microbiotas of three crows also contained potentially pathogenic bacteria with significant percentages, such as the generaCampylobacterandBrachyspira. Thus, the profiling of a large number of 16S rRNA gene sequences in crow intestinal microbiomes revealed the high-frequency existence or vestige of potentially pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Universal 16s rRNA Primers BD1 For Soil Microbial Community Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Elisaveta V Korostik ◽  
Alexander G Pinaev ◽  
Gulnar A Akhtemova ◽  
Evgeniy E Andronov
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
16S Rrna Clone Library

New universal 16S rRNa primers were constructed and tested. These primers allow identifying correct taxonomic position of bacterial isolates and were shown to be useful in microbial community studies. The primers enable to detect the vast majority of unique 16S rRNa gene sequences. In the study 160 restriction types were found in 16S rRNa clone library (190 clones).

scholarly journals The Microbial Community Structure in Petroleum-Contaminated Sediments Corresponds to Geophysical Signatures

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2860-2870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Allen ◽  
Estella A. Atekwana ◽  
Eliot A. Atekwana ◽  
Joseph W. Duris ◽  
D. Dale Werkema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Gene Libraries ◽  
Cost Efficient

ABSTRACT The interdependence between geoelectrical signatures at underground petroleum plumes and the structures of subsurface microbial communities was investigated. For sediments contaminated with light non-aqueous-phase liquids, anomalous high conductivity values have been observed. Vertical changes in the geoelectrical properties of the sediments were concomitant with significant changes in the microbial community structures as determined by the construction and evaluation of 16S rRNA gene libraries. DNA sequencing of clones from four 16S rRNA gene libraries from different depths of a contaminated field site and two libraries from an uncontaminated background site revealed spatial heterogeneity in the microbial community structures. Correspondence analysis showed that the presence of distinct microbial populations, including the various hydrocarbon-degrading, syntrophic, sulfate-reducing, and dissimilatory-iron-reducing populations, was a contributing factor to the elevated geoelectrical measurements. Thus, through their growth and metabolic activities, microbial populations that have adapted to the use of petroleum as a carbon source can strongly influence their geophysical surroundings. Since changes in the geophysical properties of contaminated sediments parallel changes in the microbial community compositions, it is suggested that geoelectrical measurements can be a cost-efficient tool to guide microbiological sampling for microbial ecology studies during the monitoring of natural or engineered bioremediation processes.

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