scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Mineral Dust Influence on the Glacial Nitrate Record from the RICE Ice Core, West Antarctica and Environmental Implications"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijith U. Venugopal ◽  
Nancy A. N. Bertler ◽  
Rebecca L. Pyne ◽  
Helle A. Kjær ◽  
V. Holly L. Winton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals Mineral dust variability in central West Antarctica associated with ozone depletion

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 12685-12714
Author(s):  
M. Cataldo ◽  
H. Evangelista ◽  
J. C. Simões ◽  
R. H. M. Godoi ◽  
I. Simmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Quadratic Functions ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Air Mass

Abstract. Here we show that mineral dust retrieved from an ice core in the central West Antarctic sector, spanning the last five decades, provides evidence that northerly air mass incursions into Antarctica, tracked by dust microparticles, have slightly declined. This result contrasts with dust in ice core records reported in West/coastal Antarctica, which show significant increases to the present day. We attribute that difference, in part, to changes in the regional climate regime triggered by the ozone depletion and its consequences for the polar vortex intensity. The vortex maintains the Antarctic central region relatively isolated from mid-latitude air mass incursions with implications to the intensification of the Westerlies and to a persistent positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode. We also show that variability of the diameter of insoluble microparticles in central West Antarctica can be modeled by linear/quadratic functions of both cyclone depth (energy) and wind intensity around Antarctica.

scholarly journals Supplementary material to "A 2700-year annual timescale and accumulation history for an ice core from Roosevelt Island, West Antarctica"

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Winstrup ◽  
Paul Vallelonga ◽  
Helle A. Kjær ◽  
Tyler J. Fudge ◽  
James E. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Accumulation History

scholarly journals Mineral Dust Influence on the Glacial Nitrate Record from the RICE Ice Core, West Antarctica and Environmental Implications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijith U. Venugopal ◽  
Nancy A. N. Bertler ◽  
Rebecca L. Pyne ◽  
Helle A. Kjær ◽  
V. Holly L. Winton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Central Dome ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Latitudinal Position ◽  
Climate Evolution ◽  
Polar Snow

Abstract. Nitrate (NO3−), an abundant aerosol in polar snow, is a complex environmental proxy to interpret owing to the variety of its sources and its susceptibility to post-depositional processes. During the last glacial period, when the dust level in the Antarctic atmosphere was higher than today by a factor up to ~25, mineral dust appears to have a stabilizing effect on the NO3− concentration. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present new and highly resolved records of NO3− and non-sea salt calcium (nssCa2+, a proxy for mineral dust) from the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core for the period 26–40 kilo years Before Present (ka BP). This interval includes seven millennial-scale Antarctic Isotope Maxima (AIM) events, against the background of a glacial climate state. We observe a significant correlation between NO3− and nssCa2+ over this period and especially during AIM events. We put our observation into a spatial context by comparing the records to existing data from east Antarctic cores of EPICA Dome C (EDC), Vostok and central Dome Fuji. The data suggest that nssCa2+ is contributing to the effective scavenging of NO3− from the atmosphere through the formation of Ca(NO3)2. The geographic pattern implies that the process of Ca(NO3)2 formation occurs during the long-distance transport of mineral dust from the mid-latitude source regions by Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds (SHWW) and most likely over the Southern Ocean. Since NO3− is dust-bound and the level of dust mobilized through AIM events is mainly regulated by the latitudinal position of SHWW, we suggest that NO3− may also have the potential to provide insights into paleo-westerly wind pattern during the events.

scholarly journals Mineral dust variability in central West Antarctica associated with ozone depletion

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2165-2175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cataldo ◽  
H. Evangelista ◽  
J. C. Simões ◽  
R. H. M. Godoi ◽  
I. Simmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
The Past ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Westerly Winds ◽  
Wind Intensity

Abstract. We present here data of mineral dust variability retrieved from an ice core of the central West Antarctic, spanning the last five decades. Main evidence provided by the geochemical analysis is that northerly air mass incursions to the coring site, tracked by insoluble dust microparticles, have declined over the past 50 yr. This result contrasts with dust records from ice cores reported to the coastal West Antarctic that show increases since mid-20th century. We attribute this difference to regional climatic changes due to the ozone depletion and its implications to westerly winds. We found that the diameters of insoluble microparticles in the central West Antarctica ice core are significantly correlated with cyclone depth (energy) and wind intensity around Antarctica.

scholarly journals The Amundsen Sea Low: Variability, Change, and Impact on Antarctic Climate

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Raphael ◽  
G. J. Marshall ◽  
J. Turner ◽  
R. L. Fogt ◽  
D. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Meridional Wind ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Amundsen Sea ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

Abstract The Amundsen Sea low (ASL) is a climatological low pressure center that exerts considerable influence on the climate of West Antarctica. Its potential to explain important recent changes in Antarctic climate, for example, in temperature and sea ice extent, means that it has become the focus of an increasing number of studies. Here, the authors summarize the current understanding of the ASL, using reanalysis datasets to analyze recent variability and trends, as well as ice-core chemistry and climate model projections, to examine past and future changes in the ASL, respectively. The ASL has deepened in recent decades, affecting the climate through its influence on the regional meridional wind field, which controls the advection of moisture and heat into the continent. Deepening of the ASL in spring is consistent with observed West Antarctic warming and greater sea ice extent in the Ross Sea. Climate model simulations for recent decades indicate that this deepening is mediated by tropical variability while climate model projections through the twenty-first century suggest that the ASL will deepen in some seasons in response to greenhouse gas concentration increases.

Tephrochronology of the Siple Dome ice core, West Antarctica: correlations and sources

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1602-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelia W. Dunbar ◽  
Andrei V. Kurbatov
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Siple Dome

scholarly journals Centennial mineral dust variability in high-resolution ice core data from Dome C, Antarctica

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lambert ◽  
M. Bigler ◽  
J. P. Steffensen ◽  
M. Hutterli ◽  
H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Core Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dust Flux ◽  
Soluble Calcium

Abstract. Ice core data from Antarctica provide detailed insights into the characteristics of past climate, atmospheric circulation, as well as changes in the aerosol load of the atmosphere. We present high-resolution records of soluble calcium (Ca2+), non-sea-salt soluble calcium (nssCa2+), and particulate mineral dust aerosol from the East Antarctic Plateau at a depth resolution of 1 cm, spanning the past 800 000 years. Despite the fact that all three parameters are largely dust-derived, the ratio of nssCa2+ to particulate dust is dependent on the particulate dust concentration itself. We used principal component analysis to extract the joint climatic signal and produce a common high-resolution record of dust flux. This new record is used to identify Antarctic warming events during the past eight glacial periods. The phasing of dust flux and CO2 changes during glacial-interglacial transitions reveals that iron fertilization of the Southern Ocean during the past nine glacial terminations was not the dominant factor in the deglacial rise of CO2 concentrations. Rapid changes in dust flux during glacial terminations and Antarctic warming events point to a rapid response of the southern westerly wind belt in the region of southern South American dust sources on changing climate conditions. The clear lead of these dust changes on temperature rise suggests that an atmospheric reorganization occurred in the Southern Hemisphere before the Southern Ocean warmed significantly.

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