Vegetation and ocean feedbacks on the Asian climate response to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Dabang Jiang ◽  
Zhongshi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Climate Response ◽  
Vegetation Feedback ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Community Earth System Model ◽  
Monsoon Winds

<p>The growth of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is one of the important forcings acting on the evolution of the Asian climate during the Cenozoic. However, whether vegetation and ocean feedbacks play a specific role in the Asian climate response to TP uplift remains unclear. Here we investigate this issue through a set of numerical experiments with the Community Earth System Model. The results indicate that vegetation and ocean feedbacks have important but different effects on the Asian climate change in association with TP uplift, which are intrinsically related to the adjustment of thermal structure. The vegetation feedback leads to excess annual precipitation in East China and South Asia and a weakening of the Asian winter monsoon winds. By comparison, the ocean feedback induces a deficit of annual precipitation particularly in most areas of the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea and a weakening of the Asian summer and winter monsoon winds. These results highlight the importance of vegetation and ocean feedbacks and further facilitate a better understanding of the paleoclimatic response to the uplift of the TP.</p>

Late Plio-Pleistocene humidity fluctuations in the western Qaidam Basin (NE Tibetan Plateau) revealed by an integrated magnetic–palynological record from lacustrine sediments

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Herb ◽  
Andreas Koutsodendris ◽  
Weilin Zhang ◽  
Erwin Appel ◽  
Xiaomin Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Western Qaidam Basin ◽  
Dry Conditions

Deciphering the climatic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau region during the Plio-Pleistocene is hampered by the lack of continuous archives and proxy datasets indicative of moisture availability. Here we assess the suitability of magnetic susceptibility (χ) measured on lacustrine sediments as a paleohydrological proxy based on material from drill core SG-1 (2.69–0.08 Ma) from the western Qaidam Basin. Our assessment is based on directly comparing χ with theArtemisia/Chenopodiaceae (A/C) pollen ratio, which represents a sensitive, well-established proxy for moisture changes in arid environments. We find that higher and lower χ values represent drier and less dry conditions, respectively, for the Late Plio-Pleistocene. Less dry phases were likely caused by transiently increased influence of the westerlies and/or decreased influence of the Asian winter monsoon on glacial–interglacial time scales. An exception from this relationship is the interval between ~ 1.9 and 1.3 Ma, when the SG-1 χ record exhibits a 54 ka cyclicity, which may indicate summer monsoon influence on the Qaidam Basin during that time. After ~ 1.3 Ma, the summer monsoon influence may have ceased due to global cooling, with the consequence that the Asian winter monsoon and the westerlies exerted a stronger control on the hydrology of the Qaidam Basin.

scholarly journals Three main stages in the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau during the Cenozoic period and its possible effects on Asian aridification: A review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Wang ◽  
Yongjin Shen ◽  
Zhibin Pang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Plateau Uplift ◽  
Global Cooling ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Uplift ◽  
Central Tibet

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau uplift and its linkages with the evolution of the Asian climate during the Cenozoic are a research focus for numerous geologists. Here, a comprehensive review of tectonic activities across the Tibet shows that the development of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone mainly three stages of the uplift: the near-modern elevation of the central Tibet and significant uplift of the northern margins (~ 55–35 Ma), the further uplift of the plateau margins (30–20 Ma), and a rapid uplift of the plateau margins again (15–8 Ma). The first uplift of the plateau during ~ 55–35 Ma forced the long-term westward retreat of the Paratethys Sea. The high elevation of the central Tibet and/or the Himalayan would enhance rock weathering and erosion contributing to lowering of atmospheric CO2 content, resulting in global cooling. The global cooling, sea retreat coupled with the topographic barrier effect of the Tibetan Plateau could have caused the initial aridification in central Asia during the Eocene time. The second uplift of the northern Tibet could have resulted in the onset of the East Asian winter monsoon as well as intensive desertification of inland Asia, whereas the central-eastern in China became wet. The further strengthening of the East Asian winter monsoon and the inland Asian aridification during 15–8 Ma was probably associated with the Tibetan Plateau uplift and global cooling. Therefore, the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau plays a very important role in the Asian aridification.

scholarly journals Contrasting Evolution Patterns of Endorheic and Exorheic Lakes on the Central Tibetan Plateau and Climate Cause Analysis during 1988–2017

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1962
Author(s):  
Zhilong Zhao ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Zengzeng Hu ◽  
Xuanhua Nie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Mean Temperature

The alpine lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are indicators of climate change. The assessment of lake dynamics on the TP is an important component of global climate change research. With a focus on lakes in the 33° N zone of the central TP, this study investigates the temporal evolution patterns of the lake areas of different types of lakes, i.e., non-glacier-fed endorheic lakes and non-glacier-fed exorheic lakes, during 1988–2017, and examines their relationship with changes in climatic factors. From 1988 to 2017, two endorheic lakes (Lake Yagenco and Lake Zhamcomaqiong) in the study area expanded significantly, i.e., by more than 50%. Over the same period, two exorheic lakes within the study area also exhibited spatio-temporal variability: Lake Gaeencuonama increased by 5.48%, and the change in Lake Zhamuco was not significant. The 2000s was a period of rapid expansion of both the closed lakes (endorheic lakes) and open lakes (exorheic lakes) in the study area. However, the endorheic lakes maintained the increase in lake area after the period of rapid expansion, while the exorheic lakes decreased after significant expansion. During 1988–2017, the annual mean temperature significantly increased at a rate of 0.04 °C/a, while the annual precipitation slightly increased at a rate of 2.23 mm/a. Furthermore, the annual precipitation significantly increased at a rate of 14.28 mm/a during 1995–2008. The results of this study demonstrate that the change in precipitation was responsible for the observed changes in the lake areas of the two exorheic lakes within the study area, while the changes in the lake areas of the two endorheic lakes were more sensitive to the annual mean temperature between 1988 and 2017. Given the importance of lakes to the TP, these are not trivial issues, and we now need accelerated research based on long-term and continuous remote sensing data.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of the Direct Radiative Effects of Dust Aerosol on the East Asian Winter Monsoon

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Xiaodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Dust Aerosol ◽  
Central China ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Radiation Change ◽  
Cooling Effects

Variations of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) induced by dust aerosol are studied by using a regional climate model (RegCM4/Dust). Dust coupled and uncoupled experiments are carried out for the past decade (2000–2009). The coupled RegCM4 captures three centers of dust mixing ratio (DMR) located in the Taklamakan Desert, western Inner Mongolia, and northern Xinjiang, respectively, with maximum values greater than 500 µg kg−1in winter. The surface total radiation change induced by dust is negative, and its central value of −8 W m−2results in surface temperature cooling by 1.5°C in winter. Dust induced radiation change at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is also negative in Northern China, except over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and up to −5 W m−2in Central China. Dust cooling effects increase the sea level pressure (SLP) gradient between land and ocean, the cold surge frequency, and the East Asian jet stream (EAJ) intensity and then enhance the EAWM. The dry and cold wind pervade most areas of East Asia, suppressing large-scale precipitation and eventually leading to a rainfall decrease of about 10–30% in Northern China and the middle Yangtze River Valley.

Late Miocene–Quaternary rapid stepwise uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau and its effects on climatic and environmental changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jijun Li ◽  
Xiaomin Fang ◽  
Chunhui Song ◽  
Baotian Pan ◽  
Yuzhen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Tectonic Geomorphology ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Ne Tibetan Plateau

AbstractThe way in which the NE Tibetan Plateau uplifted and its impact on climatic change are crucial to understanding the evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and the development of the present geomorphology and climate of Central and East Asia. This paper is not a comprehensive review of current thinking but instead synthesises our past decades of work together with a number of new findings. The dating of Late Cenozoic basin sediments and the tectonic geomorphology of the NE Tibetan Plateau demonstrates that the rapid persistent rise of this plateau began ~8 ± 1 Ma followed by stepwise accelerated rise at ~3.6 Ma, 2.6 Ma, 1.8–1.7 Ma, 1.2–0.6 Ma and 0.15 Ma. The Yellow River basin developed at ~1.7 Ma and evolved to its present pattern through stepwise backward-expansion toward its source area in response to the stepwise uplift of the plateau. High-resolution multi-climatic proxy records from the basins and terrace sediments indicate a persistent stepwise accelerated enhancement of the East Asian winter monsoon and drying of the Asian interior coupled with the episodic tectonic uplift since ~8 Ma and later also with the global cooling since ~3.2 Ma, suggesting a major role for tectonic forcing of the cooling.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic aerosol effects on East Asian winter monsoon: The role of black carbon‐induced Tibetan Plateau warming

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 5883-5902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiquan Jiang ◽  
Xiu‐Qun Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Liu ◽  
Dejian Yang ◽  
Xuguang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Aerosol Effects
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