Review, mathematical representation and classification of preventive drought management measures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ana paez ◽  
Gerald Corzo ◽  
Dimitri Solomatine
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Drought Management ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

<p>In the context of proactive drought management plans, a key element consists of analyzing, selecting and allocating measures aimed at increasing resistance to droughts and reducing its potential impacts on the society, environment and economy. Currently, these measures, known as preventive drought management measures (Fatulová et al., 2015), are embedded within measures for flood management, catchment management plans, rural development plans, among others. This situation raises two issues. Firstly, information about potential preventive drought management measures (PDMM) is commonly fragmented and it is not a trivial task find or select measures that could be implemented as PDDM. Secondly, even though the same measure can be implemented from different management perspectives (Flood management, land degradation management, catchment management, rural development plans,) its applicability, advantages and limitations, may change according to the management perspective.</p><p>Considering the above, this study attempts to provide a review of PDMM that includes: measure description, applicability, limitations, mathematical representation (For further implementation in modelling systems) and classification, from a drought management perspective. It is worth to mention that this study is focused on hydrologically based measures, applicable for agricultural and hydrological drought management.</p><p>The research methodology is divided in three phases. The first phase consists of identifying drivers that trigger and/or enhance agricultural and hydrological droughts. This analysis is carried out from a hydrological angle, where land surface processes and human activities are potential drivers agricultural and hydrological droughts (Van Loon et al., 2016). The second phase examines an extensive list of technical documents, books, books sections, journal articles and case studies in order to identify those measures that could manage or mitigate the impact of potential drivers of agricultural and hydrological droughts. In this phase, PDMM are described in terms of applicability, advantages, limitations and mathematical representation for further implementation in modelling systems. Based on the analysis of the PDMM, the third phase of the study focusses on their classification, into three categories: nature-based solutions, grey infrastructure and changes in human water consumption</p>

scholarly journals Manejo sostenible de inundaciones, cuencas y riberas en la provincia de Manabí

2020 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Andy Miguel Giler-Ormaza ◽  
Sergio Paul Donoso lucas ◽  
Roberth Patricio Arteaga Zambrano ◽  
David Alejandro Zaldumbide Perlalvo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Soft Engineering ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
River Banks

Sustainable management of floods, catchments and river banks in Manabí province En Manabí las autoridades locales y nacionales han elaborado e implementando planes de gestión  de inundaciones; sin embargo, las inundaciones aún causan grandes daños frecuentemente. El objetivo de la presente investigación es explorar técnicas que se podrían aplicar en Manabí para un manejo sostenible de inundaciones (SFM). Dos objetivos específicos son: explorar los enfoques y técnicas para i) SFM basado en manejo de cuencas hidrográficas, y ii) SFM basado en manejo de ríos y riberas. Se realiza un análisis desde un punto de vista técnico, económico, social y ambiental. La revisión y el análisis revelan que, en cuanto a manejo de inundaciones basado en manejo la cuenca, existen proyectos y planes hidráulicos que han sido efectivos en cierta medida. Específicamente represas, muros para retención de escorrentía y encauzamiento de quebradas. Sin embargo, se ha venido dando un manejo inadecuado a las riberas de varios ríos. Sus taludes se limpian y quedan desprotegidos contra la erosión con posibles implicaciones para la sedimentación y el riesgo de inundación aguas abajo de las zonas intervenidas. Enfoques sostenibles incluyen la bioingeniería y la ‘ingeniería suave’. El presente análisis puede contribuir al debate sobre el camino a seguir para la gestión de inundaciones en la provincia. Palabras clave: Agua Superficial; Desastre Natural; Erosión; Gestión; Uso de la Tierra. Abstract In Manabí local and national authorities have implemented flood management plans; however, floods still cause major damages frequently. The objective of this research is to explore techniques that could be applied in Manabí for sustainable flood management (SFM). Two specific objectives are to explore the methods and techniques for i) SFM based on management of catchments, and ii)  SFM based on management of rivers and riverbanks. An analysis is undertaken from the technical, economic, social and environmental points of view. The review and analysis reveals that, regarding flood management based on catchment management, there are projects and hydraulic plans that have been effective to some extent. Namely: dams, runoff-retention walls and gully channelization and diversion works. However, an inadequate management has been given to the banks of many rivers. These river banks are cleaned and left unprotected against erosion, with possible implications for sedimentation and flood risk downstream of the intervened areas. Sustainable approaches include bioengineering and 'soft engineering'. The present analysis can contribute to the debate on the way forward for flood management in the province. Keywords: Surface Water; Natural Disasters; Erosion; Management; Land Use.

Evaluation of agricultural drought changes due to implementation of preventive drought management measures. Study case Torola basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ana paez ◽  
Gerald Corzo
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Drought Management ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surrounding Areas

<p>Agricultural droughts are becoming more frequent and severe, triggering a range of pervasive effects on society, environment, and economy. In drought-prone areas, multiple interventions aimed at efficient water use and protecting water resources have been used as preventive drought management measures. However, many of these solutions are colloquial or implemented inconsistently, and the actual contribution to drought preparation and response is limited or unclear. This study evaluates the applicability and effectiveness of preventive drought management measures (Hydrological-based measures). To achieve this goal, we divided the work into two stages. First, a quantitative analysis consisted of a review, classification, and mathematical representation of potential preventive drought management measures. Second, a modelling-based analysis compared droughts characteristics before and after implementing three selected measures from the first stage (rainwater harvesting reservoirs, afforestation, and intercropping). The study was developed in the Torola basin, a drought-prone area located in Honduras northeast. We applied the threshold level method to detect and analyse drought characteristics and the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for hydrological modelling and representing the selected measures. We defined three scenarios for evaluating the effects of each measure. Results showed that selected measures increase infiltration and soil moisture content alleviating the severity and duration of drought events locally, but enhance the drought situation in surrounding areas.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Agricultural droughts, preventive drought management measures, SWAT model.</p>

scholarly journals Natura 2000 sites and fisheries in German offshore waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Anker Pedersen ◽  
Heino Fock ◽  
Jochen Krause ◽  
Christian Pusch ◽  
Anne L. Sell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Favourable Conservation Status ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Natura 2000 Site ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Fishing Impacts

Abstract Pedersen, S. A., Fock, H., Krause, J., Pusch, C., Sell, A. L., Böttcher, U., Rogers, S. I., Sköld, M., Skov, H., Podolska, M., Piet, G. J., and Rice, J. C. 2009. Natura 2000 sites and fisheries in German offshore waters.–ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 155–169. The principal objective of sites selected as part of Natura 2000 is to achieve or maintain a favourable conservation status of habitats and species named in the EU Birds and Habitats directives. In the German exclusive economic zone, the habitat types protected by this legislation are sandbanks and reefs; protected species include marine mammals, seabirds, and specific migratory fish species. The ICES project Environmentally Sound Fishery Management in Protected Areas (EMPAS) aims to answer two questions: (i) To what extent do specific fishing activities significantly threaten attainment of the conservation objectives of the Natura 2000 sites? (ii) What management measures would reduce these conflicts and how effective would they be at helping to ensure the favourable condition of these sites? Assessments of fishing impacts on Natura 2000 sites require basic data on the conservation status of individual habitats and species, as well as data for fine-scale distributions of ongoing fishing activities. This paper describes and discusses the process used by the EMPAS project in developing fishery-management plans for each Natura 2000 site in German offshore waters.

scholarly journals The predictability of reported drought events and impacts in the Ebro Basin using six different remote sensing data sets

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4747-4765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Linés ◽  
Micha Werner ◽  
Wim Bastiaanssen
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Drought Management ◽  
Ebro Basin ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Drought Impacts ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Drought Indicators ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. The implementation of drought management plans contributes to reduce the wide range of adverse impacts caused by water shortage. A crucial element of the development of drought management plans is the selection of appropriate indicators and their associated thresholds to detect drought events and monitor the evolution. Drought indicators should be able to detect emerging drought processes that will lead to impacts with sufficient anticipation to allow measures to be undertaken effectively. However, in the selection of appropriate drought indicators, the connection to the final impacts is often disregarded. This paper explores the utility of remotely sensed data sets to detect early stages of drought at the river basin scale and determine how much time can be gained to inform operational land and water management practices. Six different remote sensing data sets with different spectral origins and measurement frequencies are considered, complemented by a group of classical in situ hydrologic indicators. Their predictive power to detect past drought events is tested in the Ebro Basin. Qualitative (binary information based on media records) and quantitative (crop yields) data of drought events and impacts spanning a period of 12 years are used as a benchmark in the analysis. Results show that early signs of drought impacts can be detected up to 6 months before impacts are reported in newspapers, with the best correlation–anticipation relationships for the standard precipitation index (SPI), the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and evapotranspiration (ET). Soil moisture (SM) and land surface temperature (LST) offer also good anticipation but with weaker correlations, while gross primary production (GPP) presents moderate positive correlations only for some of the rain-fed areas. Although classical hydrological information from water levels and water flows provided better anticipation than remote sensing indicators in most of the areas, correlations were found to be weaker. The indicators show a consistent behaviour with respect to the different levels of crop yield in rain-fed areas among the analysed years, with SPI, NDVI and ET providing again the stronger correlations. Overall, the results confirm remote sensing products' ability to anticipate reported drought impacts and therefore appear as a useful source of information to support drought management decisions.

Stakeholder involvement in water management: the role of the stakeholder analysis within participatory processes

Water Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Sabina Lupo Stanghellini
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Future Challenges

Water is a central resource supporting human activities and ecosystems and it is required for different purposes and uses that are often conflicting. Existing water-related problems are expected to increase and conventional water resource management systems are not likely to be able to face future challenges. There is the need for an integrated water resources management, which should be participatory, technically and scientific informed and which should be based on bottom-up approach. The Directive 2000/60/EC is based on principles of integrated planning and calls for stakeholder involvement in water management. Involving stakeholders is an important step to ensure that catchment management plans take into consideration local needs, experiences and interests. This paper presents a stakeholder analysis methodology that was developed to support stakeholder participation in water management. The methodology was implemented as a preliminary step in a stakeholder participation project in an alpine sub-catchment in Northern Italy.

Benthic Habitats and the Effects of Fishing

2005 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Existing Data

<strong><em>Abstract. </em></strong>This paper summarizes the results of the National Research Council Study on the Effects of Bottom Trawling and Dredging on Seafloor Habitat (National Research Council 2002). The report concludes that integration of existing data on the effects of trawls and dredges, level of fishing effort, and distribution of seafloor habitats would facilitate development of habitat management plans. Current and new management measures should be assessed regularly to provide a better understanding of how various restrictions affect fish habitat and to determine the socioeconomic impacts on the fishing industry and local communities. Resolution of the different, and at times conflicting, ecological and socioeconomic goals will require not only a better understanding of the relevant ecosystems and fisheries but also more effective interaction among stakeholders.

scholarly journals Stakeholder discourse and water management – implementation of the participatory model CATCH in a Northern Italian alpine sub-catchment

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Lupo Stanghellini ◽  
D. Collentine
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Alpine Valley ◽  
North East ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Water Framework Directive (WFD, directive 2000/60/EC) was created to ensure the sustainable use of water resources in the European Union. A central guideline included throughout the directive is a call for the participation of stakeholders in the management of these resources. Involving stakeholders is an important step to ensure that catchment management plans take into consideration local experience in the development of these plans and the impact of the plans on local interests. This paper describes and analyses the results of a series of workshops to facilitate implementation of the WFD at a catchment level based on the stakeholder participation model, CATCH. To test the usefulness of the CATCH model, developed for water management in a catchment area, a sub-catchment in an alpine valley in the north-east of Italy, the Alta Valsugana in the Province of Trento, was chosen as the setting for a series of workshops. In this valley water is fundamental for activities associated with agriculture, domestic use, energy production, sports and recreation. In the recent past the valley has had serious problems related to water quality and quantity. Implementation of water management plans under the WFD may lead to conflicts within the catchment between different stakeholder interest groups. Including stakeholders in the development of management plans not only follows the guidelines of the WFD but also could result in a more locally adapted and acceptable plan for the catchment. A new stakeholder analysis methodology was developed and implemented in order to identify the relevant stakeholders of the area and then two sets of workshops involving the key stakeholders identified were conducted in Spring 2006. The CATCH meetings were a new experience for the participants, who had to deal with both the principles of the WFD in general and the participation requirement in particular. During the meetings, the CATCH model played a very important role in structuring the participatory process. It provided a general framework consisting of a sequence of steps that helped the participants to reach the goal of the process: the identification and evaluation of measures to improve water management in the catchment. This test of the CATCH model showed it to be a dynamic and flexible tool, useful for structuring and guiding the participation process, without imposing undue restrictions on influencing the outcome of stakeholder participation in a small catchment.

scholarly journals The Territorial Policy of Rural Development in Brazil: Questions and Reflections about the Reconnection between production and Consumption of Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanise Dias Freitas ◽  
Anelise Graciele Rambo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Short Circuits ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Rural Development Policies

Short marketing circuits and territorial rural development policies emphasize the importance of the reconnection between food production and consumption, with repercussions on the food security and sovereignty of local populations. For this, we analyzed official documents of the Program for the Sustainable Development of Rural Territories, the Citizenship Territories Program, the Territorial Development Plans, as well as field research on projects carried out in three rural territories and citizenship in the South of Brazil. From this analysis, it is possible to think of the strengthening of short circuits as the mechanism to promote rural territorial development.

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