Reconsidering the sediment connectivity and sediment transfer under the influence of hydraulic structures and coal mining in the Jiu river basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Adina Morosanu ◽  
Marta Cristina Jurchescu
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Sediment Transfer ◽  
The Impact

<p>The key to an efficient basin management, taking into account both the liquid (river water runoff and its quality) and the solid (sediment sources and delivery) components lies in the way we approach the complex problem of sediment-generating areas in a river basin. This complexity is manifested both through the primary geomorphological processes that contribute to the mobilization of significant amounts of alluvia from the slopes and along the river valleys, and the various environmental and anthropogenic factors that act as restrictors or catalysts of sediment transfer.</p><p>In the present study, we aim to analyze the various categories of anthropogenic factors, operating at different spatial scales (local or at subcatchment/river sector level), which contribute, together with the intrinsic geomorphological potential, to the sediment supply or, conversely, to the inhibition of erosion, transport and accumulation processes.</p><p>Tracking sediment mobilization, transfer, intermediate storage and final delivery in a lithologically and geomorphologically complex environment, such as the Jiu River Basin (10,070 km<sup>2</sup>), located in SW Romania, is a difficult task which can become even more challenging when we factor in the contribution of some additional elements of an anthropic nature. In our study area, represented by a Carpathian and Danubian river basin, some of the most significant issues impacting the research include, on the one hand, the existence of reservoirs and dams, the strengthening of anti-flood embankments or the presence of water diversions, to cite only hydrotechnical interventions, or the impact of coal mining on landforms, slope processes and sediment sources, on the other hand.  All these factors can act locally or regionally and they can surpass the influence exerted by the natural factors, thus being responsible for the reduction, storage, or, on the contrary, for the acceleration of specific hydro-sedimentary fluxes on certain paths.</p><p>In order to connect these two categories of potential factors regulating sediment generation and transfer, the methodological approach consists in evaluating the internal – geomorphic upstream-downstream connectivity in relation/contrast with the disruptive anthropogenic factors. The proposed workflow can be divided in two steps: 1) the identification of the upstream sediment generating areas which are most connected to the downstream delivery/ storage/ accumulation areas (river network and river mouth) by applying the connectivity index (IC) proposed by Cavalli et al. (2013); and 2) the evaluation of potential hotspot areas exhibiting the highest degree of connectivity, as seen through the lens of the additional coupling or decoupling effects induced by the anthropic activities specific to the Jiu river basin: hydraulic structures and coal mining.</p><p>Outcome discussions will focus on mapping problematic sediment production, storage and transfer sectors, as evidenced by the impact of hydrotechnical works and artificial landforms from coal mining on the connectivity potential of the Jiu river basin.</p>

ZOOBENTHOS OF WATERCOURSES IN THE BUKHTARMA RIVER BASIN (UPPER IRTYSH, SOUTH-WESTERN ALTAI) AT REFERENCE SITES AND IN THE IMPACT ZONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-83
Author(s):  
A. Evseeva
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Cold Water Temperature ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
The Impact

The composition, structure, and spatial distribution of zoobenthos in streams of the Bukhtarma River basin are described and quantitative indicators of benthos in the lower course of the Bukhtarma River are given. The predominance of insects from the orders of mayflies, caddisflies, and freckles is characteristic of the water-courses in the Bukhtarma River basin and is associated with the presence of stony soils in the rivers, rapid flow, moderate-cold-water temperature regime, and high oxygen content in the water – factors that are most favorable for these groups of invertebrates. To assess the ecological state of surface waters in the streams under study by bioindication methods, TBI, BMWP, ASPT, and ERT biotic indices are used. The taxonomic composition of each of the studied watercourses and river sections is formed in accordance with specific environmental conditions associated with natural and anthropogenic factors. It is established that watercourses in the reference areas can be used as reference ones in accordance with the requirements of the EU Framework Water Directive, and the characteristics of invariant States of biocenoses of the lower course of the Bukhtarma River in the impact zone are also given using the criteria of the V. A. Abakumov system of ecological modulations.

scholarly journals Identifying conservation priorities in a defaunated tropical biodiversity hotspot

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Tilker ◽  
Jesse F. Abrams ◽  
An Nguyen ◽  
Lisa Hörig ◽  
Jan Axtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Species Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Conservation Interventions

AimUnsustainable hunting is leading to widespread defaunation across the tropics. To mitigate against this threat with limited conservation resources, stakeholders must make decisions on where to focus anti-poaching activities. Identifying priority areas in a robust way allows decision-makers to target areas of conservation importance, therefore maximizing the impact of conservation interventions.LocationAnnamite mountains, Vietnam and Laos.MethodsWe conducted systematic landscape-scale surveys across five study sites (four protected areas, one unprotected area) using camera-trapping and leech-derived environmental DNA. We analyzed detections within a Bayesian multi-species occupancy framework to evaluate species responses to environmental and anthropogenic influences. Species responses were then used to predict occurrence to unsampled regions. We used predicted species richness maps and occurrence of endemic species to identify areas of conservation importance for targeted conservation interventions.ResultsAnalyses showed that habitat-based covariates were uninformative. Our final model therefore incorporated three anthropogenic covariates as well as elevation, which reflects both ecological and anthropogenic factors. Conservation-priority species tended to found in areas that are more remote now or have been less accessible in the past, and at higher elevations. Predicted species richness was low and broadly similar across the sites, but slightly higher in the more remote site. Occupancy of the three endemic species showed a similar trend.Main conclusionIdentifying spatial patterns of biodiversity in heavily-defaunated landscapes may require novel methodological and analytical approaches. Our results indicate to build robust prediction maps it is beneficial to sample over large spatial scales, use multiple detection methods to increase detections for rare species, include anthropogenic covariates that capture different aspects of hunting pressure, and analyze data within a Bayesian multi-species framework. Our models further suggest that more remote areas should be prioritized for anti-poaching efforts to prevent the loss of rare and endemic species.

scholarly journals The Analysis of the Degree of Flood Risk in the Middle Bobr Valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Magda Hudak ◽  
Urszula Kołodziejczyk ◽  
Jakub Kostecki ◽  
Ireneusz Nowogoński ◽  
Marta Żebrowska
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Flood Risks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town ◽  
Geographical Characteristics ◽  
Rainfall Level

Abstract This paper presents the impact of rainfall on the degree of flood risk in the basin of the middle Bobr River in western Poland. When the average rainfall level reaches 15 to 20 mm, this apparently calm river may dramatically change its character within just one week. The most important flood risks are flood waves in the headwaters. Because of the mountain character of the river basin, during intensive rainfall there is a huge surface runoff and the water level rises rapidly in the river. This phenomenon was observed in June 2017 in the town of Zagan (Lubuskie Voivodeship). It has been shown that the course and dynamics of hydrological processes occurring in the Bobr River basin depend on its physical and geographical characteristics and the influence of anthropogenic factors. The location is one of the main cause of numerous floods for Zagan, on the other hand changes in land development plays significant meaning in flood hazards. Continuous monitoring of the river is the basis for a comprehensive forecast of flood risks.

scholarly journals Identifying Vegetation Dynamics and Sensitivities in Response to Water Resources Management in the Heihe River Basin in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqin Yin ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yuefei Huang ◽  
Yuan Si ◽  
Rui Bai
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Heihe River Basin ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Heihe River Basin

The Heihe River Basin, the second largest inland river basin in China, plays a vital role in the ecological sustainability of the Hexi Corridor. However, the requirements for regional economic development and ecological balance cannot be fully met due to water resource shortage and overexploitation induced by an extremely dry climate and population growth, especially in the middle and lower basins. Thus, environmental conservation projects that reallocate water resources have been planned and implemented step by step since 2001. The aim of this study is to evaluate ecosystem restoration benefits by identifying vegetation dynamics and sensitivities. The MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and its derivative indices, coupled with Geographic Information System (GIS), are introduced to explore ecosystem evolution at the pixel level, based on the hydrological and meteorological data in the whole region at varying temporal and spatial scales. Results indicate there are slight vegetation restoration trends in the upper, middle, and lower basin; the results of correlation analyses between vegetation and runoff into the lower basin suggest that the impact of a water supplement lasts at most three years, and engineering or nonengineering measures should be maintained for permanent ecosystem recovery.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Land Use on Water Quality across Multiple Spatial Scales in U-tapao River Basin, Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gyawali ◽  
K. Techato ◽  
S. Monprapusson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
The Impact

The study investigated the linkages between land uses and water quality in U-tapao river basin, Thailand, in order to examine the impact of land use changes on full -basin, sub-watershed and buffer zone scales (1000m, 500m and 200m) on river water quality through Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and statistical analyses. Correlation and regression analysis were applied for ten water quality parameters. In scale analysis, in the most cases, the sub-watershed scale showed the clear relationship between land use water quality rather than full-basin and buffer zone scales. This indicates that the level of relationship between land use and water quality depends upon scale therefore the relationship between water quality parameters and land uses should be studied in multiple scales and it helps to develop effective river basin management in future.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2015, 20(2): 54-60

scholarly journals Estimation Of The Impact Of Climatic And Anthropogenic Factors On The Formation Of The Extreme Low-Flow Period In The Don River Basin During 2007-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Maria B. Kireeva ◽  
Vladislav P. Ilich ◽  
Natalia L. Frolova ◽  
Maksim A. Kharlamov ◽  
Aleksey A. Sazonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Don River ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Land Use and Land Cover Changes and Their Effect on the Flow Regime in the Upstream Dong Nai River Basin, Vietnam

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Truong ◽  
Hong Nguyen ◽  
Akihiko Kondoh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
The Impact

The upstream Dong Nai River Basin is located in the country’s key economic development region and its water resources are a key component of sustainable regional development. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of land use and land cover changes (LULCC) on the flow regime in this tropical forest basin using a flow–duration curve analysis that has been widely used in Japan. This study combined two different temporal and spatial scales of satellite data, Landsat and Global Inventory Modeling, and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to analyze LUCC. Results from the land cover classification of five Landsat images between 1973 and 2014 indicated that the forest area decreased significantly in the period of 1994 to 2005 due to population growth, leading to land conversion for agriculture. Furthermore, secular changes in the annual GIMMS-NDVI data revealed that land cover changes occurred from 1996 and a large amount of forest was lost in 1999; however, due to the rapid regrowth of secondary forest of tropical forests and the development of the crop, the vegetation recovered shortly afterwards in 2000 before decreasing again after 2004. Following large-scale deforestation, the total discharge, maximum flow, and the plentiful, ordinary, low, and small-scale runoff increased sharply and decreased thereafter because of vegetation regrowth.

scholarly journals Ecological Mapping in Assessing the Impact of Environmental Factors on the Aquatic Ecosystem of the Arys River Basin, South Kazakhstan

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena G. Krupa ◽  
Sophia S. Barinova ◽  
Sophia M. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Environmental Preferences ◽  
Ecological Mapping ◽  
State Index ◽  
The Impact

Assessment of the water quality of the Arys River basin based on the spatial distribution of richness of phytoperiphyton communities and abiotic variables was given for the first time. Altogether, 82 species were revealed in phytoperiphyton, including Bacillariophyta of 51, Cyanobacteria of 20, Chlorophyta of 7, and Charophyta of 4. Cluster analysis revealed the uniqueness of the composition of periphyton communities related to the abiotic conditions. The environmental preferences of the algae indicated fresh organic pollution in the lower reaches of the Arys River and weak or moderate levels of organic pollution in the rest of the basin. The ecological mapping of chemical data generally confirmed this conclusion. According to the maps, the highest water quality was revealed in the upper stream of the basin. The middle part of the river basin had the lowest water quality in terms of transparency, nitrite-nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen. The downstream of the Arys was characterized by a secondary deterioration in water quality according to the Aquatic Ecosystem State Index (WESI) index. We revealed the complicated interaction between natural and anthropogenic factors that caused changes in water quality in the Arys River basin.

scholarly journals Consideration of climatic factors in the operating mode of hydraulic facilities in the Amudarya river basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 03068
Author(s):  
Farrukh Kattakulov ◽  
Fotima Artikbekova ◽  
Zafar Gafurov ◽  
Gulnora Jumabaeva ◽  
Furqat Musulmanov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Amu Darya ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Amu Darya River

This research is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics of climate change in the Amu Darya river basin using the global climate model and observational data. And also, the purpose of the study is to scale down and correct the offset of the GCF and adaptation to the Amu Darya river basin and assess the dynamic climate change and its future predictions of the impact on the hydraulic structures of the Amu Darya river basin. The offset correction was carried out on the basis of data from open sources from the archives of the world meteorological organizations and the analysis performed for the next 100 years. The article analyzes the results of the regions affected by the climate [1] from the point of view of the reduction of water resources, the disappearance of glaciers, an increase in temperature, and a decrease in precipitation. An increase in temperature leads to a steady decrease in the area of large glaciers, while small glaciers gradually completely disappear and a change in the ratio of solid and liquid precipitation alternately, which leads to a reduction in snow cover and is also accompanied by degradation and melting of snow cover permafrost in high mountain areas. For future projections of glacier area and melt water release, glacier volume is required. Climate change affects the hydrological regime of the river; this process worsens the operational regime of hydraulic structures in the Amu Darya basin. Such changes in glaciation, snow cover, and permafrost negatively affect the change in river flow and its distribution and the ecological assessment of the quality of the environment. Therefore, the study of changes in climatic conditions in the region and the development of climate change scenarios for the XXI century is carried out following the recommendations of the IPCC using the necessary programs.

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